English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113822/144841 (79%)
Visitors : 51805160      Online Users : 368
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/56498


    Title: 消費者網路購買經驗品之研究─以服裝為例
    Consumer`s Behavior for Online Cloth Shopping
    Authors: 林含諭
    Contributors: 陳建維
    林含諭
    Keywords: 搜尋品
    經驗品
    網路使用經驗
    網路知覺風險
    購物導向
    流行涉入程度
    服裝屬性
    Date: 2011
    Issue Date: 2013-01-02 13:21:18 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 近年來網路購物市場的發展蓬勃,其營業成長狀況每年有近兩位數字的成長。由於不少研究顯示,網路購物由於本身通路性質,使得網路購物有一定的侷限性,因此,認為網路比較合適像是搜尋品類產品的販賣,而經驗品類的產品較不合適在在網路上販售。然而,實際網路銷售狀況卻有不同的結果。根據許多調查發現,網路消費者購買的品類排名中,以服裝和配件居冠,美容保健產品居次。而十大台灣人氣賣家中,就有三家服飾類賣家和一家美妝美保養類賣家。屬於體驗型產品的服裝類銷售,在網路購物市場中表現十分傑出。
    本研究欲針對這樣理論與實際狀況的不同加以研究,探討促成消費者網購服裝的行為原因。本研究把網購行為分為「網路購買服裝頻次」、「平均網購服裝金額」和「平均網購服裝件數」;而影響的因素則從「網路使用經驗」、「網路知覺風險」、「購物導向」、「流行涉入程度」及認知中的「服裝屬性」等五大方面著手。
    本研究以問卷方式獲取初級資料,收獲有效問卷共354份,經過統計回歸分析後發現,「節省力氣之便利型購物導向」、「體驗型購物導向」和「流行涉入程度」此三項,最顯著影響消費者網路購買服裝行為。節省力氣之便利型購物導向消費者,傾向具高度方便性的網際網路上購物,其網購頻次高,平均購買件數也高。若是又具備高流行涉入程度,則會增加其在網路上購買服裝的金額。此外,網路使用經驗越久、平常上網時間越長、對服裝有情感性利益及功能性利益的人,都有網路購買服裝的傾向。而還有其他顯著影響因素待於研究中一一闡述。
    Reference: <英文部分>
    Aaker, D.A. (1991), “Managing Brand Equity: Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name”,New York: The Free Press.
    Aaker, D.A. (1996), ”Building Strong Brands”, The Free Press, New York, NY.
    Abraham-Murali, L. and Littrell, M.A.,(1995) “Consumers` Conceptualization of Apparel Attributes,” Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 13(2), pp. 65-74.
    Akaah, I. P. and Korgaonkar, P. K., (1988), “A Conjoint Investigation of the Relative Importance of Risk Relievers in Direct Marketing.”,Journal of Advertising Research,28(4), pp.38-44.
    Alba et al. (1997), “Interactive home shopping: Consumer, retailer, and manufacturer
    incentives to participate in electronic marketplaces.”, Journal of Marketing, Vol.61, No.3, pp.38-53.
    Arora, R. (1982), “Validation of an S-O-R Model for Situation, Enduring, and Response Components of Involvement”,Journal of Marketing Research, 19(4), pp.505-516.
    Bauer, R. A. (1960),“Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking, Dynamic Marketing in the Changing World.”, Robert S. Hancock, Chicago: American Marketing Association, pp. 389-398.
    Beatty, S.E. and Ferrell, M.E. (1998),“Impulse buying: modeling its precursors.”,Journal of Retailing, 74 (2), pp. 169-191.
    Belk, R.W. (1975), “Situational variables and consumer behavior.”,Journal of Consumer Research, 2(3), pp.157-164.
    Bellenger, D.N. and Korgaonkar, P.K. (1980),”Profiling the recreational shopper.”,Journal of Retailing,Vol.56, pp.77-92
    Birch,A. P., Gerbertand Schneider (2000), “The Age of E-Tail.”, Triumph Publishing Company Ltd.
    Browne, B.and Kaldenberg, D.(1997), &quot;Conceptualizing self-monitoring: links to materialism and product involvement&quot;,Journal of Consumer Marketing, 14(1),pp.31-44.
    Burke, R. R. (1997), “Do You See What I See ? The Future of Virtual Shopping.”,Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), pp. 352-360.
    Conningham, S. M.,(1967)“The major dimensions of perceived risk,”in Cox, D. F.(Ed.),Risk Taking andInformation Handling in Consumer Behavior, GraduateSchool of Business Administration, Harvard University Press, Boston, MA,pp.82-108.
    Copeland, M. T., (1923), “Relation of Consumer`s Buying Habits to Marketing Methods”,
    Harvard Business Review, 1(3), pp.282-289
    Costa, P. T. andMcCrae, R. R. (1985),“The NEO Personality Inventory manual.”,Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
    Cox, D. F. and Rich, S. U. (1964), “Perceived risk and consumer decision making: The case of telephone shopping.”, Journal of Marketing Research, 1(4), pp.32–39
    Cox, D. F.(1967),“Risk Handling in Consumer Behavior-An Intensive Study of Two Cases.”,InCox,D. F. (Ed),Risk taking and information handlingInconsumer behavior,pp. 34-81,GraduateSchoolof BusinessAdministration,HarvardUniversity,Boston.
    Croft, M., (1998), “Shopping at your convenience.”,Marketing Week, 21(18),pp. 36-37.
    Devaraj, S. et al., (1997), Dose-responsecomparison of RRR-a-tocopherol and all-racemica-tocopherol on LDL oxidation. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17, pp. 2273–2279.
    Darian, J. C. (1987),&quot;In-Home Shopping: Are There Consumer Segments?&quot;,Journal of Retailing,Vol.63,Iss. 2.,pp.163-170
    Donthu, N. and Gilliland, D. (1996),”Observation: The infomercial shopper.”, Journal of Advertising Research, 36(2), pp.69-76
    Donthu, N. and Garcia, A. (1999), “The internet shopper.”, Journal of Advertising Research, Vol.39, No.3, pp.52-5898

    Dowling, G. R. andStaelin, R.(1994),“A model of perceived risk and intended risk-handling activity.”,Journal of Consumer Research,21(1),pp. 119–134.
    Eastlick, M. A. and Feinberg, R. A. (1999), “Shopping Motives for Mail Catalog Shopping.”, Journal of Business Research, 45(3), pp.281-290.
    Eastlick, M. A. and S. Lotz(1999), “Profiling potential adopters andnon-adopters of an interactive electronic shopping medium,”InternationalJournal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 27, No. 6, pp.209-223.
    Engel, J. F. , Blackwell, R.D., and Miniard, P.W. (1995),“Consumer Behavior”,The Dryden Press, pp.448-460.
    Emmanouilides, C. and Hammond, K. (2000), “Internet Usage, Predictors of Active Users, and Frequency, of Use.”, Journal of Interactive Marketing, 14 (2), p17
    Fairhurst, A. E., Good, L. K. and Gentry, J. W. (1989), ”Fashion involvement: an instrument validation procedure”, Clothing and Textiles Research Journal,Vol. 7,No.3, pp. 10-14.
    Featherman, M. S. and Pavlou, P. A. (2003), “Predicting e-services adoption: a perceived
    risk facets perspective.”, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies,59(4),pp.451-474.
    Flynn, L. R. and Goldsmith, R. E. (1993), ”Application of the personal involvement inventory in marketing.”, Psychology and Marketing, 10(4), pp.357-366.
    Forsythe, S.M.and Shi, B. (2003), “Consumer Patronage and Risk Perceptions in Internet Shopping.”, Journal of Business Research, Vol.56,Issu. 11,pp.867-875
    Gehrt, K. C. and Carter, K., (1992),&quot;An Exploratory Assessment of Catalog Shopping Orientations,&quot;Journal of Direct Marketing, 6(1), pp.29-39.
    Goering, P. A. (1985), &quot;Effects of Product Trial on Consumer Expectations, Demand, and Prices&quot;, Journal of Consumer Research, Gainesville: Vol. 12, No.1, pp.74-82
    Goldfarb, A. and Prince, J. (2008), “Internet adoption and usage patterns are different: Implications for the digital divide.”,Information Economics and Policy, Vol.20,Issu. 1, pp. 99
    Goldfarb, A. and Prince, J. (2008), “Internet adoption and usage patterns are different: Implications for the digital divide.”,Information Economics and Policy, Vol.20,Issu. 1, pp. 2-15.
    Goldsmith,R.E. and Goldsmith,E.B.(2002), “Buying apparel over the Internet.”, Journal of Product and Brand Management,11(2), pp.89-102
    Grewal, D., Monroe, K.B. and Krishnan, R.,(1998),“The Effect of Price-Comparison Advertising on Buyers’ Perceptions of Acquisition Value, Transaction Value and Behavioral Intentions.”, Journal of Marketing,Vol. 62,No.2,pp. 47.
    Gutman, J & Mills, MK. (1982), “Fashion life style, selfconcept, shopping orientation, and store patronage: An integrative analysis.”, Journal of Retailing,58(2), pp.64-86.
    Hamilton, R. and Thompson D.V. (2007),&quot;Is There a Substitute for Direct Experience?Comparing Consumers` Preferences After Direct and Indirect Product Experiences,&quot;Journal of Consumer Research,34(4), pp.546-555.
    Han, Y. K., Morgan, G. A., Kotsiopulos, A. and Kang, P. J. (1991), “Impulse buying behaviour
    of apparel purchases”,Clothing and Textile Research Journal,Vol.9, No. 3, pp. 15-21.
    Hawkins, D.I,Best, R.J.and Coney,K.A. (2001),“Consumer Behavior:Building Marketing Strategy”, 8th ed.
    Hawkin, D., (1995),“Consumer Behavior: Implication for Marketing Strategy.”, Chicago: Irwin.
    Hoffman, D. L. and Novak, T. P. (1996), “Marketing in hypermedia computer-mediated environments: Conceptual foundations.”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No.3, pp.50-68.
    Hoffman, D. L., Novak, T. P. and Peralta, M. (1999) “Building consumer trust online.”, Comm. ACM 42(4) pp.80–85.
    Horn, M. J. and Gurel, L. M., (1968), “The Second Skin: An Interdisciplinary Study of Clothing”,Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
    Houston, M. J. and Rothschild, M. L. (1978), “Methodological Perspectives in Involvement, Research Frontiers in Marketing: Dialogues and Direction”,Chicago: American Marketing Association
    Costa, P. T. and McCrae, R. R.(1985),“The NEO Personality Inventory manual.”, Odessa, FL:
    Psychological Assessment Resources.
    Jacoby, J. and Kaplan, L. (1972), &quot;The Components of Perceived Risk,&quot; in Proceedings 3rd Annual Conference, Association for Consumer Research, pp.382-393
    James, E. L. and Cunningham(1987), “A Profile of Direct Marketing Television Shopper.”, Journal of Direct Marketing, Vol.1, No. 4., pp.12-23.
    Jarvenpaa S.L. and Todd P.A., (1996), “Consumer reactions to electronic shopping on the World Wide Web.”, International Journal of Electronic Commerce, pp.59-88.
    Jarvenpaa, S.L.and Todd, P.A. (1997), “Consumer Reactions to Electronic Shopping on the World Wide Web.”,Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp.59-88.
    Kempf, D.S., and Smith, R.E.(1998), “Consumer processing of product trial and the influence of prior advertising: A structural modeling approach.”, Journal of Marketing Research, 35 (3), pp. 325-338.
    Kempf, D. S. and Laczniak, R.N., (2001), “Advertising`s Influence on Subsequent Product Trial
    Processing.”,Journal of Advertising, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp.27-39.
    Kempf, D. S., Laczniak, R. N. and Smith, R. E.(2006), “The effects of gender on processing and
    product trial information.”, Marketing Letters, 17(1), pp.5-16.
    Kiang et al. (2000), “Marketing on the Internet –Who Can Benefit from an Online Marketing
    Approach?”, Decision Support Systems, 27(4), pp.383-393.
    Klein, L. R. (1998), “Evaluating the Potential of Interactive Media through a New Lens: Search versus Experience Goods,” Journal of Business Research, Vol. 41, 195-203
    Kotler, P. (1997), &quot;Marketing ManagementAnalysis, Planning, Implementation and Control.&quot;, 9thEd., Prentice-Hall Inc., pp.433-437.
    Kolter, P. (1999),“Kotler on Marketing: How to Create, Win, and Dominate Markets”, The Free Press, New York
    Kotler, P.andKeller, K. L. (2006),“Marketing management “,12th ed,Prentice Hall.
    Kotler, P., Bowen, J. and Makens, J.(2006),“Marketing for hospitality and tourism.”, Engelwood Cliffs, n j: Prentice Hall.
    Korgaonkar, P. K.(1981), “Shopping Orientations of catalog showroom patrons.”,Journal of Retailing,Vol. 57, No.1, pp.78-90
    Kotler, P., (2003)“Marketing Management”,11th ed., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River
    Krugman, H.E. (1965)“The Impact of Television Advertising Learning Without Involvement”, Public Opinion Quarterly,29(3), pp. 349-356
    Kuhlmeier, D. and Knight, G. (2005), “Antecedents to Internet-based purchasing: a multinational study, International Marketing Review.”, Vol.22, No.4, pp. 460–473.
    Kwak, H., Fox, R. J., and Zinkhan, G.M. (2002), “What products can be successfully promoted and sold via the Internet?”,Journal of Advertising Research, 42(1), pp.23-38.
    Landro, L. (1999), &quot;Patient-physician communication: An emerging partnership,&quot; The
    Oncologist, 4 (1), pp.55-58.
    Lesser, J. A. and M. A. Hughes (1986), “The Generalizaility of Psychographic Market Segments across Geographic Locations.”,Journal of Marketing, 50(1), pp.18-27.
    Liao, Z. and Cheung, M.T. (2001), “Internet-based e-shopping and consumer attitudes: an empirical study”, Information & Management, pp. 299-306
    Li et al. (1999), “The Impact of perceived channel utilities, shopping Orientation, and demographics on the consumer’s online buying behavior.”,Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol.5, No.2
    Maslow, A. H. (1943), ”A theory of human motivation.”, Psychological Review,50(4), pp.370-396
    Mcdonald, W. J.(1993), “The role of demographics, purchase histories and shopper decision-making styles in predicting catalog loyalty,” Journal of Direct Marketing, Vol.7,Summer,pp.55-65.
    Miyazaki and Fernandez (2001),”Consumer perception of privacy and security risks for online shopping,Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1),pp.27-44.
    Miyazaki, A. D. and Fernandez, A. (2001), “Consumer perceptions of privacy and security risks for online shopping.”, Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1), pp. 27-44.
    Murphy, P. E. and Enis, B. M., (1986), “Classifying Products Strategically.”, Journal of Marketing,50(3), pp.24-42
    Nelson, P., (1970) “Information and Consumer Behavior.”, The Journal of Political Economy, 78(2), pp.311-329
    Nelson, P., (1970),“Advertising as information”,Journal of Political Economy, Vol.81, July/August, pp.729-754.
    Norton, S.W. and W. Norton Jr. (1988), “An Economic Perspective on the Information Content of Magazine Advertisements”,International Journal of Advertising, Vol.7,No.2,pp. 138-148.
    Nunnally, JC. (1978), “Psychometric theory.”, New York: McGraw-Hill.
    O’Cass, A.(2000),“An Assessment of Consumers Product, Purchase Decision, Advertising and Consumption Involvement in Fashion Clothing”,Journal of Economic Psychology,21(5), pp. 545–576.O’Cass, (2004), “Fashion Clothing Consumption: Antecedents and Consequences of Fashion Clothing Involvement”, European Journal of Marketing,, 38(7), pp.869-882.
    O`Neal, G. S. & Hines, J. D., “Underlying Determinants of Clothing Quality: The Consumers` Perspective,” Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 13(4), pp. 227-233.
    Perry, M. and Hamm, B. C. (1969), “Canonical analysis of relations between socioeconomic risk and personal influence in purchase decisions.”, Journal of MarketingResearch, Vol.6, Iss.3, pp. 351-354.
    Peterson, R. A. et al., (1997) “Exploring the Implications of the Internet for Consumer
    Marketing”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(4), pp.329-346.
    Phau, I. and Poon, S. M. (2000), “Factors influencing the types of products and services purchased over the Internet.”, Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications
    and Policy,Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 102-113.
    Richins, M. L. and Bloch,P. H. (1983), “A Theoretical Model for the Study of Product Importance Perceptions.”, Journal of Marketing,47(Summer), pp. 69-81.
    Richins, M.L.and Bloch, P.H. (1986), “After the new wears off: the temporal context of product involvement.”, Journal of Consumer Research, 13(2), pp.280-285
    Rosa, Jose A., & Malter, Alan J. (2003). E-(Embodied) Knowledge and E-Commerce: How Physiological Factors Affect Online Sales of Experiential Products. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13(1&2), 63–73.
    Roselius,T.(1971), “Consumer ranking of risk reduction methods.”, Journal of Marketing, Vol35, No.1, pp.5661.Reynolds, F.D.and DardenW.R.(1974), “Constructing Life Style and Psychographics”,Life Styles and Psychographics, Chicago: American Marketing Assn., pp.71-95
    Reynolds, H. S. (1974),“Increasing Trustees’ Compensation to Meet Inflation and Accomplish
    Trust Purpose.”, Trusts and Estates, 113(8), pp.494-503.
    Shim, S., and Drake, M.F. (1990). “Consumer intention to utilize electronic shopping.”, Journal of Direct Marketing,4(3), pp.22-33.
    Stern, H. (1962), “The Significance of Impulse Buying Today.”,Journal of Marketing,26(2), pp.59
    Stone, R. N. and Gronhaug, K. (1993). Perceived risk: Further considerations for the marketing discipline. European Journal of marketing, 27(3), pp.39-50.
    Sproles, G.B.(1979), “Fashion: Consumer Behaviour Toward Dress”, Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Company,
    Sproles, G. B., and Charles, W. K.(1973),&quot;The Consumer Fashion Change Agent: A Theoretical Conceptualization and Empirical Identification.&quot;, Institute for Research in the Behavioral,Economic, and Management Sciences, Purdue University, Paper No. 433
    Swaminathan et al. (1999),“Browsers or Buyers in Cyberspace? An Investigation of Factors Influencing Electronic Exchange.”, JCMC, Vol.25, Iss.2, December
    Swinyard, W. R. and Smith, S. M. (2003), “Why people (don’t) shop online: a lifestyle study of
    the Internet consumer”, Psychology and Marketing, Vol. 20, No. 7, pp. 567-597.
    Tan, S. J.(1999), “Strategies for reducing consumers’ risk aversion in Internetshopping,” Journal of Consumer Marketing, 16(2), pp.163-180.
    Wells, W.D.and Tigert, D.J. (1971), ”Activities, Interestm¸Opinions.”, Journal of Advertising Research, pp.27-35
    Ward, M.R.and Lee, M.J. (2000), “Internet shopping, consumer research and product branding.”, Journal of Product and Brand Management, Vol.9, No.1, pp.6-20
    Woodside, A. G. (1968), &quot;Social Character, Product Use and Advertising Appeals.&quot;,Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 31-35.
    Ward, M.R. and Lee, M. J. (2000), &quot;Internet Shopping, Consumer Search and Product Branding.&quot;,Journal of Product and Brand Management, 9 (1), pp.6-20.

    <中文部分>
    丁千千(2009),「產品類別和購買動機對價格記憶和網路購物行為之影響」,碩士論文,國立政治大學企業管理研究所。
    王韻(2008),「物質主義者對於商店氣氛的需求與消費者情緒影響購買行為之研究」
    別蓮蒂(2000),「2000年台灣生活型態分析」,中華民國廣告年鑑,第十二輯,1999-2000,pp. 33-36,台北市廣告代理商業同業公會出版。
    邱光輝,吳文傑,秦大智(2006),「購物導向對線上購物採用之影響」,行銷評論,第3卷2期,pp.221-242
    李月華,丁學敏(2005),「以顧客為基礎的品牌權益之探討」,台北科技大學學報,第三十九之一期,103-118頁。
    李宛穎(1999),「線上銷售考量因素之研究」,碩士論文,國立中山大學企業管理研究所。
    鄧博尹(2001),「消費者購物導向、產品種類對網際網路購買意願影響之研究」,碩士論文,中央大學資訊管理研究所。
    李定家(2000),「網路購物之降低風險策略研究」,碩士論文,國立中央大學資訊管理研究所。
    林慧蓉(2008),「影響網路購物意願的商品特性因素之研究--以服飾品為例」,碩士論文,國立中正大學企業管理研究所。
    林佳瑩(2000),「流行涉入程度對網路服裝消費決策與市場區隔之研究-以女性網路購物者為例」,碩士論文,國立交通大學經營管理研究所。
    林慧珊(2009),「女性網路使用者的網路購物知覺風險與降低風險策略之研究─以化妝、保養品為例」,碩士論文,國立中正大學電訊傳播研究所。
    武氏春香(2008),「消費者對商店與網路購物的購買行為比較之研究-以高雄都會區服裝消費者為例」,碩士論文,國立中山大學企業管理學系。
    吳佩雯,楊維漢(2005),「流行創新接受程度及流行涉入程度和衝動購買行為關係之研究」
    官振華,1997,「WWW使用者運用電子購物意願之研究-以人格特質、購買涉入與網路使用行為探討」,碩士論文,中央大學資訊管理研究所。
    張元琦(1996),碩士論文,「企業在網際網路上行銷活動之研究」,國立政治大學。
    郭欣怡,1998,「網路世界的我與我們-網路使用者之心理特性與網路人際關係特性初探」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學心理研究所。
    陳瑞斌(2000),「台灣地區全球資訊網網路購買行為激勵因素之研究」,碩士論文,朝陽科技大學企業管理系。
    黃兆震(2000),「網路購物意願之研究─ 以電腦通訊產品為例」,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學資訊管理學系。
    黃繼震(2001),「大專學生網路購書行為決定因素之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學商學研究所。
    黃鈺惠(2007),「流行涉入與衝動性購買傾向於線上購物之相關性研究」,碩士論文,國立台北大學企業管理學系。
    劉美琪,郭貞(2000),「國內網路使用者對網路購物的態度與使用經驗:一個質化取向的研究」,中華傳播學會論文,No.8, pp.1-38.
    蘇偉仁,黃振嘉(1997),「網路商店以小博大企業上網開店經營技術探討」,資策會推廣
    服務處。
    戴怡君,1999,「使用網際網路進行互動特質之探索」,未出版碩士論文,私立南華大學
    教育社會學研究所。
    《一分鐘零售成功智慧》,2004,林正修與黃彥傑,世界商業文庫。
    《SPSS統計分析實務》,2008,楊世瑩,第二版,台北市:旗標公司。
    《行銷學原理》,2004,方世榮譯,東華書局,P.227。
    《企業主廣告需求調查》,2009,資策會。
    《服飾設計配色寶典》,2011,mcoo視覺,佳魁資訊。
    《台灣電子商務50強!2011人氣賣家100強》,2011,數位時代,第208期9月
    《電子商務答客問》,1997,經濟部商業司,經濟部出版。
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國際經營與貿易研究所
    99351023
    100
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0993510231
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[國際經營與貿易學系 ] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File SizeFormat
    023101.pdf1220KbAdobe PDF22302View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback