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    題名: 由旅行文學探析民族文化的變遷--以馬麗華作品為例
    其他題名: Exploring Ethnic Cultural Change through Travel Literature: The Works of Li Hua Ma
    作者: 張駿逸
    貢獻者: 國立政治大學翻譯中心
    國立政治大學民族學系
    國立政治大學跨文化研究中心
    關鍵詞: 旅行文學;民族文化;馬麗華
    馬麗華;民族文學;西藏文學;Li Hua Ma;ethnic literature;Tibetan literature
    日期: 2009-09
    上傳時間: 2010-05-28 11:25:33 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 1976年，馬麗華女士大學剛畢業就進入西藏，待了27個年頭，才回到北京。正如同她辦公室的那幅對聯—「麗人行雪域」、「華章滿神州」；在這27年間，她走遍西藏，出版過17本與西藏自然、歷史、社會、人文等相關的書籍，其中尤其是「走過西藏系列」—《藏北遊歷》、《西行阿里》、《靈魂像風》等長篇記實散文以及作者所宣稱的西藏記實文學的封筆之作—《藏東紅山脈》，更是膾炙人口。這幾部關於西藏的旅行文學著作，緊扣著藏民族、藏文化與青藏高原的題材，不但是文學的，更是民族學的。由她的作品中，印證了民族學上的關於文化變遷與動能的幾個看法：一是文化的樣貌與該民族居住的自然環境息息相關，它是一個最佳的適應結果；換言之，自然環境對於文化的形塑是最重要的關鍵。二是沒有一個文化是真正的純正血統，它必然受到外來文化的影響，在與外來文化揉合之後，產生了一個有別於原先文化的新文化，這就是文化變遷。 Upon graduating in 1976, Ma Lihua went to Tibet, where she spent twenty-seven years before returning to Beijing. As described in the lines of verse displayed in her office, ”(Lady Ma`s) Experiences in the Land of Snow” and ”(Her) Magnificent Articles all Over China,” during these twenty-seven years, Ma travelled all over Tibet. She has published seventeen books about Tibet, on subjects related to nature, history, society and the humanities. In particular, the Zouguo Xizang series offers universal appeal. This series includes lengthy nonfictional works such as Zangbei Youli, Xixing Ali, and Linghun Xiangfeng, as well as Ma`s self-proclaimed masterpiece of Tibetan nonfictional literature, Zangdong Hongshanmai.These works of travel literature are intimately related to Tibetan ethnicity, Tibetan culture and the Tibetan Plateau. Ma`s writing is not only literary but also ethnological. Her works shed light on a few points related to cultural change and transformational energy. First, the appearance of a culture is closely related to the natural environment which an ethnic group inhabits. That is, culture is the optimal result of adaptation. In other words, the natural environment is a crucial factor in the molding of culture. Second, no cultures maintain truly pure lineages; outside influence is inevitable. After cultures merge together, a new culture is formed which is different from the original ones. This describes precisely the process of cultural change.
    關聯: 翻譯與跨文化國際學術研討會 --翻譯與流行文化論文集提要
    文化越界, 1(3), 31-45
    資料類型: article
    顯示於類別:[民族學系] 期刊論文

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