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    Title: 資深駐外經理人員工作挑戰之研究-以臺商資訊電子業在西歐、北美子公司為例
    The Challenges of Senior Expatriates-The Case of Taiwanese Information Technology Firms in West Europe and North America
    Authors: 李彝三
    LEE, Yi-San
    Contributors: 于卓民
    YU, Chwo-Ming Joseph
    李彝三
    LEE, Yi-San
    Keywords: 外派/駐外/海外派遣/海外工作
    外派調適/駐外調適
    國際人力資源管理
    工作挑戰
    expatriate
    expatriate adjustment
    IHRM,International Human Resource Management
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 15:09:26 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 現代化企業的經營模式已轉變成國際化、全球化經營,而外派人才之培養與訓練是維繫海外據點戰力持續的要素。本研究探討資深駐外經理人員在工作上的現實挑戰,補充學術上的理論探討;欲探討下列的主要問題:
    (一)駐外經理人員如何因應工作上的挑戰?
    (二)駐外經理人員如何與總公司互動?
    (三)駐外經理人員如何適應駐在地的工作與生活?

    透過多國企業策略、國際人力資源管理、海外派遣與海外適應的文獻探討,採用個案研究法作為研究方法,對於訪談對象(六位資深的駐歐、駐美經理人員)進行深度訪談,輔以八家個案公司的次級資料,利用實務訪談進行個案對象的深入研究探討。

    本研究的主要發現是:
    (一)駐外經理人員其人際關係網絡(在駐在地、以及在總公司)與工作績效的關係緊密。
    (二)駐外經理人員必須與總公司建立有效的互動平臺。
    (三)駐外經理人員要能充分融入當地文化,並且先找到對的人(部屬、工作夥伴),再決定做甚麼;要使員工認同總公司的企業文化,以收長治久安之效。
    (四)駐外經理人員在領導、管理當地員工時,要視情境而靈活運用不同的作風。
    (五)管理當地的員工,要按部就班將其塑造成為高績效團隊,依次展開任務;遇到狀況,深思熟慮後就要明快行事。
    (六)資深駐外經理人員的中長期生涯規劃,要未雨綢繆、自立自強。

    本研究的結論是:
    (一)外派人員隨時面對全球資源整合及地方回應的雙重壓力,必須要有敏銳的洞察力、深謀遠慮的遠見與憂患意識;任務的細部展開包括:駐在地的領導管理以及母公司的溝通協調。善於利用周遭可及的資源,特別是當地的人際網絡關係,以及總公司專業團隊的支援。
    (二)外派人員與總公司的關係,平日即要積極培養經營,以塑造良好的合作氛圍,包括:事務性質的各功能別對應窗口,和策略層級的主管討論議題。與日常作業的連絡對象要建立默契和勤於互動-“朝中有人好辦事”,正式與非正式的資訊管道交織,以全盤瞭解情勢。
    (三)跨文化適應是外派人員的關鍵要件,個人面會自我調整心理面與生理面,積極適應海外不同環境的工作與生活;配偶與子女則是最大的甜蜜負擔,要以家庭凝聚的力量,支持每一個成員順利適應新環境、新挑戰;瞭解以及尊重當地文化,並且盡快融入當地的情境,進入當地的社群。
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