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    題名: 環境安全與國際建制－氣候安全建制之探討
    作者: 蔣欣如
    Chiang,Hsin-ju
    貢獻者: 姜家雄
    Chiang,Alex
    蔣欣如
    Chiang,Hsin-ju
    關鍵詞: 環境安全
    氣候變遷
    氣候安全建制
    京都議定書
    制度議價途徑
    知識社群模式
    日期: 2004
    上傳時間: 2009-09-14 10:10:38 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 　　「安全」問題一直是國家不斷追求的利益，但相較於傳統安全問題，更多新的安全議題已浮上檯面。在新興的眾多非傳統安全議題之中，環境安全（Environmental Security）是相當重要的面向，乃由於環境的改變、破壞、退化，形成人類經濟活動、國家安全、國際和平的隱憂。面對如此的潛在危機，國際社會目前普遍已經體認到環境安全的重要性，也逐漸傾向尋求另一種不同於軍事武力的解決方案，有意願合作建立共同規範準則以面對問題，因而促成環境安全建制的成形。
    　　本論文以「氣候變遷」議題做為環境問題的代表，回顧自1972年以來，以國家為主要行為者的全球多邊環境協定，探討氣候安全的特點及氣候建制的限制。同時採用「知識社群模式」與「制度議價途徑」的論點解釋環境建制的成因，前者影響國際社會對環境問題的共識、原則建立；後者則影響國家參與共同建制與制定、執行規範的意願。
    　　雖然全球氣候治理的《京都議定書》已正式上路，氣候相關建制也都注重平等、公正、效率、補償等原則，力求使國際社會每個國家立足平等並有足夠的能力解決問題，但因為國家最終考量仍是自身利益，國際社會各行為者所重視的是平等而不損及利益的制度安排。所以，要建立有效的環境安全建制，首先要解決環境安全與經濟發展互相矛盾的困境，其次要調和國際社會成員的利益問題，需要各國共同努力，才能真正使環境建制的功能發揮到最大。
    參考文獻: 一、 中文部分
    （一） 專書
    李文蓉譯。《寂靜的春天》。臺北：大中國，1985年。
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    （二） 期刊論文
    吳義雄。〈永續發展－談環保〉。國政研究報告。臺北：財團法人國家研究政策基金會，2002年10月30日。（http://www.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/SD/091/SD-B-091-032.htm）
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    （三） 碩博士畢業論文
    陳佳成，〈國際體制形成之探討：以京都議定書為例〉，碩士論文，東海大學政治學研究所，民國90年6月。
    二、 英文部分
    （一） 專書
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    Choucri, Nazli, ed. Global Accord: Environmental Challenges and International Responses. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1993.
    Deudney, Daniel, and Richard Anthony Matthew, eds. Contested Grounds: Security and Conflict in the New Environmental Politics. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1999.
    Diehl, Paul F., and Nils Petter Gleditsch, eds. Environmental Conflict. Boulder: Westview, 2001.
    Evans, P. B., D. Rueschmeyer, and T. Skocpos, eds. Bringing the State Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
    Fankhauser, Samuel. Valuing Climate Change. London: Earthscan, 1995.
    Gupta, Joyeeta. The Climate Change Convention and Developing Countries from Conflict to Consensus? Hague: Kluwer Academic, 1997.
    Haas, Ernst B. Beyond the Nation-State: Functionalism and International Organization. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1964.
    Haas, Peter M., Robert O. Keohane, and Marc A. Levy, eds. Institutions for the Earth: Sources of Effective International Environmental Protection. London: MIT Press, 1993.
    Hasenclever, Andreas, Peter Mayer, and Volker Rittberger. Theories of International Regimes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
    Hastings, Tom H. Ecology of War and Peace: Counting Costs of Conflict. Lanham: University Press of America, 2000.
    Hoffman, Andrew J., ed. Global Climate Change. San Francisco: New Lexington, 1998.
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    Lonergan, S. C., ed. Environmental Change, Adaptation, and Security. Hague: Kluwer Academic, 1999.
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    Nye, Joseph S. Peace in Parts: Integration and Conflict in Regional Organization. Boston: Little Brown, 1971.
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    （二） 期刊論文
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    Klare, Michale T. “The New Geography of Conflict.” Foreign Affairs 80 (May/June 2001): 49-61.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    外交研究所
    91253006
    93
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0912530061
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[外交學系] 學位論文

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