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    政大機構典藏 > 法學院 > 法律學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/147273
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/147273


    Title: 由移入國與移出國之跨域責任建構我國無證移工之健康權保障
    Establishing health protection for Taiwan’s Undocumented Migrant workers: a new approach
    Authors: 吳威嬅
    Wu, Wei-Hua
    Contributors: 孫迺翊
    Sun, Nai-Yi
    吳威嬅
    Wu, Wei-Hua
    Keywords: 無證移工
    健康權
    社會權
    健康保險
    社會救助
    菲律賓
    Date: 2023
    Issue Date: 2023-09-01 16:22:24 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 我國自1989年開放藍領移工,便確立限業限量、補充性原則的移民政策,並在2023年達73萬4,434人。另一方面,無證移工數量也高達8萬3,277人,超過一成。這些無證移工多來自越南、印尼、菲律賓及泰國,往往是由有證移工轉為失聯移工。在轉為無證移工後,因不再具有居留證明文件而被全民健康保險退保。這些無證移工的健康權保障便無法再由全民健康保險承擔,也無法取得社會救助法的醫療補助及急難救助。在現行法制下,只能取得緊急救護體系下的緊急救護。
    文中指出無證移工的健康權保障難題,毋寧在於移入國拒斥無證移工的移民政策,而社會安全法制又深受移民政策影響,使得移入國抗拒給予無證移工更多的健康權保障。在這樣的背景下,荷蘭社會法學者Gijsbert Vonk在2012年後開始提出應將移出國的角色納入,由移入國與移出國共同承擔無證移工健康權保障的法政策論點。本文便是在學者的論點下,嘗試結合我國作為移入國,與越南、印尼、菲律賓及泰國作為移出國所應承擔的責任。
    本文發現,在學者的論點下,仍須依賴移出國的立場。關此,菲律賓在2019年後已將其海外無證移工納入菲律賓健康保險的強制投保對象,至於其他三國,雖有發展出保障海外移工社會權的特殊制度,卻將無證移工排除在外。本文因而提出,作為無證移工所在國且健康照護體系較為完善的移入國,仍有主要提供無證移工健康權保障的責任與優勢,本文因而借鑑比利時的急迫醫療救助制度,提出我國現行社會救助法的不足,應增訂「無證移工之醫療救助」一章。至於,移出國的跨域責任則可由承擔部分無證移工的醫療費用而實現。
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    Becker, Ulrich, Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung im Europäischen Binnenmarkt, NJW 2003, S. 2272-2277.
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    Description: 碩士
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