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| Title: | 韓國巫祖「바리데기」: 從敘事巫歌至現代小說 |
| Other Titles: | Shaman Goddess「Baridegi」of Korea: From Shaman Ritual Epic Song to Contemporary Novel;韓國의 巫祖「바리데기」: 敍事巫歌에서 現代小說까지 |
| Authors: | 扈貞煥
Ho, Jung-Hwan |
| Keywords: | 韓國巫俗;韓國巫祖;敘事巫歌「바리데기(鉢里公主);黃皙映現代小說
Shaman goddess「Baridegi」of Korea;Shamanism of Korea |
| Date: | 2011-01 |
| Issue Date: | 2016-09-10 14:16:19 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 筆者任教於台灣中國文化大學韓文系多年，擔任韓國民俗學等科目，在教學及研究期間，始終對韓國民間信仰的代表性「巫俗」感到相當大的興趣，因此也在韓國進行過田野調查。\\r 韓國的巫祖「바리데기」，相當於台灣民間信仰的媽祖，在進行巫俗的薦度儀式巫堂稱頌「바리데기」鉢里公主的‘孝’當成開場白。鉢里公主身為第七個公主出生時，違背父王期盼生男孩的夙願而遭遺棄，多年後父王大病百藥無效，鉢里公主諒解並孝順父親，歷經艱難將‘生命水’取回。雖然鉢里公主的父王以自我為中心的倫理對待她，但鉢里公主仍毫無怨恨的選擇服從來表達她對父王的孝意，然後進而被賦予了包含神癒能力的神權。 韓國女性長久以來處於被打壓的大環境下，跨越歷史與時間，可以看見在現代作品及戲劇節目中，普遍受到愛戴的女性人物，大都擁有犧牲自我表達孝道的美德，而鉢里公主便為此源頭。鉢里公主被尊奉為以犧牲自我救贖人們的巫祖，她的故事傳達的含意發人深省。本項研究以敘事巫歌鉢里公主為主旨，同時進行與黃皙映改編的暢銷現代小說的各項比較研究。\\r 敘事巫歌中的鉢里公主生為公主，卻沒有得到應有的榮華富貴，反而成了父王威權的受害者，鉢里公主在傳統思維下，寬恕父親尋找生命水行孝的過程;小說中的鉢里公主也是第七個女兒被拋棄，受環境逼迫，仍不屈就於諸多困境。擺脫傳統儒教束縛的現代版鉢里公主，勇於面對生存環境，自我省察體悟出生命水蘊含之意義，一位擁有主體意識的現代女性。 如此，敘事巫歌中或小說中的鉢里公主傳達出共同的訊息，那就是，歷史上 經歷許多困難，在必須承受因近代國土分裂、理念糾葛引起的痛苦的韓國民族，同時進一步向因極端宗教信念引起動盪不安的世界尋求解決密碼。用女兒的犧牲所換取的生命水，表徵並且傳達了原諒；大合解為人類無私的愛，不僅拯救自己，更可以使世界和平共存。
While delivering lectures on Korean ethnic custom and culture, and conducting research at Chinese Culture University for a long time, I have become very interested in Korean shamanism and even did research in field. Shaman goddess「Baridegi」of Korea is similar to Mazu, the Daoist goddess of Taiwan. Shaman ritual for cleaning the deceased, ‘gut(굿)’ begins with epic song of「Baridegi」, narrating the story of Princess Bari. She was born the seventh daughter into a royal family. Enraged at the arrival of another daughter, the king abandoned her. However, when Bari was ordered later by the king to set out on a long and dangerous journey to find ‘the water of life’ to save him when he fell fatally ill, she was unconditionally obedient to father’s self centered ethics, fully practicing filial duty without any resentment. Thereupon she got endowed with divine right including healing power. Korean history is actually all about women`s oppression. It appears over history and time that seemingly only qualities for women to become the public worshipped goddess such as Princess Bari, or the public loved protagonist in drama or fiction have something to do with daughters’ sacrifices for family, named as ‘filial piety’. Being filial origin of self-sacrifice, Princess Bari became a shaman-progenitor. This study attempts to give some explanation of social meaning inherent「Baridegi」, comparing shaman 「Baridegi」with recently published contemporary best-seller novel 「Baridegi」written by Hwang Sok-young. Even though Princess Bari was born royal daughter, her life was far from glorious and noble one. Rather, she was abandoned and suffered from all kinds of difficulties due to father’s self-centered ethical standard. Nonetheless, Princess Bari sacrifices herself and fulfills filial duty with completely passive and traditional values. Modern girl Bari in novel also falls a victim of the surrounding environment, but she shows struggling ego for survival instead of yielding to it. Fictional Bari frees herself from traditional value of women with Confucian ideals, and is reborn as a modern woman who confronts the world with critical introspection, that is, inner qualities. However, there is one message consistent in both Princess Bari and fictional Bari. It suggests that forgiveness is at the center of problem solution in Korea and all over the world. Korean nation suffers from the schism of homeland and conflicts with ideology, and further the world is full of human despairs including political and religious conflicts. ‘Water of life’ symbolized as the key to solution of mankind is obtained through sacrifices of daughter, and it wouldn’t realize without essential element, that is, forgiveness. Forgiveness can be interpreted as the spirit of unconditional humanity. One powerful message inherent「Baridegi」, from Princess Bari to fictional Bari, is that big reconciliation through truly selfless love not only can save yourself , but also it enables peaceful coexistence worldwide. |
| Relation: | 外國語文研究, 13, 94-113
Foreign language studies |
| Data Type: | article |
| Appears in Collections: | [外國語文研究] 期刊論文
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| 13(p94-113).pdf | 745Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 1171 | View/Open |
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