English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113318/144297 (79%)
Visitors : 51028983      Online Users : 894
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    政大機構典藏 > 文學院 > 歷史學系 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/95239
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/95239


    Title: 第一次世界大戰德國戰爭罪問題研究
    Authors: 蕭道中
    Contributors: 周惠民
    蕭道中
    Keywords: 第一次世界大戰
    德國
    戰爭罪
    戰爭法
    巴黎和會
    凡爾賽和約
    Date: 2009
    Issue Date: 2016-05-09 15:24:21 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本文嘗試由歷史脈絡,分析第一次世界大戰中德國戰爭罪問題的由來、發展與爭議及其對戰後世界所造成的影響。
    本文的主要觀點認為,一戰中德國戰爭罪爭議的形成,具有法律與政治的雙重原因。在法律方面,戰爭法與戰爭慣例對現代武器的限制有其侷限之處。工業革命以後,軍事科技的發展日新月異,但是戰爭法的原則主要來自於歷史經驗,在現實運用上有時會出現落差或不足的問題。戰時敵對的雙方又常選擇性的利用戰爭法做為己方的戰術手段,這破壞了戰爭法的公正性,徒使戰爭法引起更多爭議。在法律標準未明的情況下,戰爭罪又受到宣傳、輿論與外交等政治因素的影響,使問題更形複雜。
    戰時各國為動員人民戰鬥意志,皆發動了大規模的宣傳活動,這類宣傳常以傳播敵人暴行做為主軸。宣傳活動為求效果,其內容常屬誇大,但是當民意輿論將戰爭宣傳認知為歷史事實時,民意又反向成為本國政府執政的壓力。在戰後的和會中,國內輿論對決策官員形成壓力,促成了和約中有關審判與賠償的內容,和約要求德國與其盟友負起戰爭的全部責任。德國不接收和約中有關懲罰戰爭罪的規定,戰後德國不斷拖延、抵制執行和約中有關交出戰爭罪嫌犯的規定。戰勝國雖感不滿,卻因各自國策的不同,未能就解決方法達成共識。這樣一部不能完整執行的和約既不能滿足戰勝國民意對伸張正義的期待,也不能減輕德國輿論所感受的剝削感。和約在雙方累積的民怨,最終成為歐洲不穩定的重要因素。
    Reference: 政府電子檔案
    Digital Cabinet Papers, The National Archives (United Kingdom).
    CAB 23 First World War Conclusions.
    CAB 23 Interwar Conclusions.
    CAB 24 First World War Memoranda.
    CAB 24 Interwar Memoranda.

    已出版官方文件
    (一)檔案
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 1. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1947.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 2. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1948.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 5. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1948.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 7. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1958.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 8. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1959.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 9. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1960.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 12. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1962.
    E. L. Woodward and Rohan Butter. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 15. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1967.
    Foreign Office. British Documents on Foreign Affairs: Reports and Papers from the Foreign Office Confidential Print, Part II, Series I, From the First to the Second World War. The Paris Peace Conference of 1919. Frederick, MD: University Publications of America, 1995.
    Golecki, Anton. (Bearb.) Akten der Reichskanzlei. Weimarer Republik: Das Kabinett Bauer. Boppard am Rhein: Harald Boldt Verlag, 1980.
    House of Common. Parliamentary Debate, 5th series, vol. 70. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1915.
    House of Common. Parliamentary Debate, 5th series, vol. 71. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1915.
    House of Common. Parliamentary Debate, 5th series, vol. 117. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1919.
    Schulze, Hagen. (Bearb.) Akten der Reichskanzlei. Weimarer Republik: Das Kabinett Scheidemann. Boppard am Rhein: Harald Boldt Verlag, 1971.
    Trotter, Ann. (ed.) British Documents on Foreign Affairs: Reports and Papers from the Foreign Office confidential Print, Part. II, Ser. H: WWI 1914-1918, vol. 1. Bethesda, MD: University Publications of America, 1991.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1927 Vol. II. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1942.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1928 Vol. I. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1942.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States. The Lansing papers, 1914-1920, Volume 1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1939.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference 1919, vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1942.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1942.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference 1919, vol. 3. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1943.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 4. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1943.
    United States Department of State, Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 5. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.
    United States Department of State, Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 6. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 7. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 9. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1946.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, vol. 13. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1947.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1919, vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1934.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, with the annual Message of the President Transmitted to Congress, December 5, 1899. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1901.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, with the annual Message of the President transmitted to Congress December 6, 1904. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1904.
    United States Department of State. Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1918, Supplement 1, The World War, vol. 1. Washington D. C.: Government Printing Office, 1933.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1914, Supplement, The World War. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1922.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1915, Supplement, The World War. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1928.
    United States Department of State. Papers relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1916. Supplement, The World War. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1929.
    Vogt, Martin. (Bearb.) Akten der Reichskanzlei. Weimarer Republik: Das Kabinett Müller I (1920). Boppard am Rhein: Harald Boldt Verlag, 1971.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 1. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1947.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 2. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1948.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 5. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1948.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 7. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1958.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 8. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1959.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 9. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1960.
    Woodward, E. L. and Butter, Rohan. (eds.) Documents on British Foreign Policy 1919-1939, series 1, vol. 15. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1967.

    (二)官方報告與官方文獻彙編
    “French Official Report on German Atrocities”, The New York Times Current History of the European War, 1:6(Mar., 1915), pp. 1132-1163.
    “Memorandum of the German Government in Regard to Incidents Alleged to Have Attended the Destruction of a German Submarine and its Crew by the British Auxiliary Cruiser ‘Baralong’ on August 19, 1915, and Reply of the British Government Thereto”, in The American Journal of International Law, 10:2(Apr., 1916), Supplement: Official Documents, pp. 79-86.
    “Memorandum of the German Government in Regard to Incidents Alleged to Have Attended the Destruction of a German Submarine and its Crew by the British Auxiliary Cruiser ‘Baralong’ on August 19, 1915, and Reply of the British Government Thereto”, The American Journal of International Law, 10:2(Apr., 1916), Supplement: Official Documents, pp. 79-86。
    Bailey, Thomas A. (ed.) “German Documents Relating to the ‘Lusitania’”, Journal of Modern History, 8:3(Sep., 1936), pp. 320-337.
    Belgian Commission of Inquiry. The Martyrdom of Belgium: Official Report of Massacres of Peaceable Citizens, Women and Children by the German Army. Baltimore: W. Stewart Brown Company, Inc., 1914.
    Committee on Alleged German Outrages. Evidence and Documents laid before the Committee on Alleged German Outrages. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau, 1916.
    Committee on Alleged German Outrages. Report of the Committee on Alleged German Outrages appointed by His Britannic Majesty’s Government and Presided over by the Right Hon. Viscount Bryce. London: His Majesty Stationery Office, 1915.
    Foreign Office. German War Trials: Report of Proceeding before the Supreme Court in Leipzig, Parliamentary Papers (Commons), Cmd. 1450, London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1921.
    Foreign Office. Protocols and Correspondence between the Supreme Council and the Conference of Ambassadors and the German Government and the German Peace Delegation between January 10, 1920, and the July 17, 1920, respecting the Execution of the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919, Parliamentary Papers (Commons), Cmd. 1325, London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1921.
    Foreign Office. The Treatment of Prisoners of War in England and Germany during the First Eight Months of the War. London: H. M. Stationery Office, 1915.
    Government of Belgium. The Belgian Grey Book: Diplomatic Correspondence Respecting the War (July 24-August 29, 1914), in Scott, James Brown (ed.) Diplomatic Documents Relating to the Outbreak of the European War. London: Oxford University Press, 1916, pp. 340-530.
    Grey, Edward. “Sir Edward Grey on the Cause of the War and Peace Conditions”, The New York Times Current History 4:3(Jun., 1916), pp.481-484.
    Grey, Edward. “The Allies Conditions of Peace”, The New York Times Current History 2:2(May, 1915), pp.282-283.
    Imperial German Foreign Office. (ed.) Reports of the Belgian Representatives in Berlin, London and Paris to the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Brussels, 1905-1914. European Politics during the Decade before the War as Described by Belgian Diplomatists.出版地未詳, 1915.
    Imperial German Foreign Office. (ed.) The Case of Belgium: In the Light of Official Reports found in the Secret Archives of the Belgian Government after the Occupation of Brussels. New York: The International Monthly, Inc., 1915.
    Imperial German Foreign Office. The Belgian People’s War: A Violation of International Law. New York: John C. Rankin Co., 1915.
    Mach, Edmund von. (ed.) Official Diplomatic Documents Relating to the Outbreak of the European War, with Photographic Reproductions of Official Editions of the Documents. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1916.
    Mantoux, Paul. Paris Peace Conference: Proceedings of the Council of Four (March 24-April 18). trans. John Boardman Whitton, Geneva: Institut universitaire de hautes études internationals, 1964.
    Mullins, Claud. The Leipzig Trials: An Account of the War Criminals’ Trials and a Study of German Mentality. London: H. F. & G. Witherby, 1921.
    Parliament Recruiting Committee. The Truth about German Atrocities: Founded on the Report of the Committee on Alleged German Outrages. London: Parliament Recruiting Committee, 1915.
    Scott, James Brown. (ed) Diplomatic Correspondence between the United States and Germany, August 1, 1914-April 6, 1917. New York: Oxford University Press, 1918.
    Scott, James Brown. (ed.) Diplomatic Documents Relating to the Outbreak of the European War. London: Oxford University Press, 1916.
    Scott, James Brown. (ed.) Official War Aims and Peace Proposals: December 1916 to November 1918. Washington, D. C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1921.
    Stackelberg, Roderick and Winkle, Sally A. (eds.) The Nazi Germany Sourcebook: an Anthology of Texts. London: Routledge, 2002.
    Wreck Commission. Wreck Commissioner’s Inquiry Report--Shipping Casualties: Loss of the Steamship “LUSITANIA”. London: Wreck Commission, 1915.

    (三)國際會議、組織與國際公約文獻
    Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War and on Enforcement of Penalties, “Reservations by the Japanese Delegation”, American Journal of International Law, 14:1, (Jan., 1920), pp. 151-152.
    Friedman, Leon. The Law of War: A Documentary History. New York: Random House, 1972.
    Grotius, Hugo. The Rights of War and Peace, in Three Books: Wherein Are Explained, the Law of Nature and Nations, and the Principal Points Relating to Government, written in Latin by the learned Hugo Grotius, and translated into English. To which are added, all the large notes of Mr. J. Barbeyrac. London, 1738. Eighteenth Century Collections Online. Gale Group. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/ECCO
    Miller, David Hunter. (ed.) The Drafting of the Covenant, vol. 2. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1928.
    Paris Peace Conference, “Commission on the Responsibility of the Authors of the War and on Enforcement of Penalties”, The American Journal of International Law, 14:1(Jan., 1920), pp. 95-154.
    Schindler, Dietrich and Toman, Jiří. (eds.) The Laws of Armed Conflicts: a Collection of Conventions, Resolutions, and other Documents. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, 1988.
    Scott, James Brown. (ed) The Proceedings of the Hague Peace Conferences; Translation of the Official Texts, Conference of 1899. New York: Oxford University Press, 1920.
    Scott, James Brown. (ed.) Texts of the Peace Conferences at the Hague, 1899 and 1907: with English Translation and Appendix of Related Documents. London: Ginn & Company, 1908.
    Scott, James Brown. The Armed Neutralities of 1780 and 1800: A Collection of Official Documents Preceded by the Views of Representative Publicists. New York: Oxford University Press, 1918.
    Stockton, Charles H. “The Declaration of Paris”, American Journal of International Law, 14:3(Jul., 1920), pp. 356-361.
    United States Department of State. The General Pact for the Renunciation of War, text of the Pacts as signed, notes, and other Papers. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1928。
    薛典曾、郭子雄編,《中國參加之國際公約彙編》,臺北:臺灣商務印書館,1971年臺1版。

    回憶錄、日記與個人文集
    Beaverbrook, William M. A. Men and Power, 1917-1918. New York: Duell, 1956.
    Berger, Maurice. Germany after the Armistice: A Report, based on the personal Testimony of representative Germans, concerning the Conditions existing in 1919. New York and London: G. P. Putnam`s Sons, 1920.
    Bryan, Mary Baird and Bryan, William Baird. (eds.) The Memoirs of William Jennings Bryan. Chicago: The John C. Wiston Company, 1925.
    Charles Seymour. (ed.) The Intimate Papers of Colonel House: Into the World War. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1928.
    Count Bernstorff. My three Years in America. London: Skeffington & Son, Ltd., ca1920.
    Cronon, David. The Cabinet Diaries of Josephus Daniels, 1913-1921. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1963
    Day, Clive. “The Atmosphere and Organization of the Peace Conference”, in House, Edward Mandell and Seymour, Charles (eds.), What really happened at Paris: The Story of the Peace Conference, 1918-1919. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1921, pp. 15-36.
    Dunant, Henry. The Origins of the Red Cross: Un Souvenir de Solferino. Philadelphia: The John C. Winston Co., 1911.
    Gerard, James W. My First Eighty-Three Years in America: The Memoirs of James W. Gerard. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, Inc. 1951.
    Gerard, James W. My Four Years in Germany, New York: George H. Doran Company, 1917。
    House, Edward Mandell and Seymour, Charles. (eds.) What really happened at Paris: The Story of the Peace Conference, 1918-1919. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1921.
    Link, Arthur S. The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, vol. 47, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984.
    Link, Arthur S. The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, vol. 54, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.
    Link, Arthur S. The Papers of Woodrow Wilson, vol. 58, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988.
    Lloyd George, David. Is it Peace. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1923.
    Lloyd George, David. The Great Crusade: Extracts from Speeches delivered during the War. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1918.
    Ludendorff, Erich. Ludendorff’s Own Story, vol. 2. New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1919.
    Roosevelt, Theodore. Fear God and Take Your Own Part. New York: George H. Doran Company, 1916.
    Scheidemann, Philips. The Making of New Germany: Memoirs of a Social Democrat. New York: Ayer Publishing, 1970.
    Scott, James Brown. “The Trial of the Kaiser”, in House, Edward Mandell and Seymour, Charles. (eds.) What really happened at Paris: The Story of the Peace Conference, 1918-1919. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1921, pp. 231-258.
    Sir Almeric Fitzroy. Memoirs. London: Hutchinson & Co., 1925.
    Steed, Henry Wickham. Through Thirty Years, 1892-1922, vol. 2. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1924.
    Wilhelm II. The Kaiser’s Memoirs. New York & London: Harper & Brothers, 1922.
    邱吉爾(Winston S. Churchill)著,劉立譯,《世界危機:第一次世界大戰回憶錄,卷二,1915》,臺北:左岸出版社,2006。
    邱吉爾(Winston S. Churchill)著,劉立譯,《世界危機:第一次世界大戰回憶錄,卷三,1915》,臺北:左岸出版社,2006。

    近人論著
    “Germany on the Eve of Peace”, The New York Times Current History, 10:1:3(Jun., 1919), pp. 452-458.
    Adler, Selig. “The War-Guilt Question and American Disillusionment, 1918-1928”, Journal of Modern History, 23:1(Mar., 1951), pp. 1-28.
    Anderson, Gary M. and Adam Gifford, Jr. “Privateering and the Private Production of Naval Power”, Cato Journal, 11:1(Spring/Summer 1991), pp. 99-122.
    Ashton, Nigel J. and Hellema, Duco. “Hanging the Kaiser: Anglo-Dutch Relations and the Fate of Wilhenm II, 1918-20”, Diplomacy & Statecraft, 11:2(Jul., 2000), pp. 53-78.
    Bailey, Thomas A. “The Sinking of the Lusitania”, American Historical Review, 41:1(Oct., 1935), pp. 54-73。
    Bainton, Roland H. Christian Attitudes toward War and Peace: A Historical Survey and Critical Re-evaluation. Nashville, TN.: Abingdon Press, 1979.
    Balfour, Michael. The Kaiser and His Times. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1964.
    Barnes, Harry Elmer. “Assessing the Blame for the World War, A Revised Judgment Based on All the Available Documents”, 20:2(May, 1924), Current History, pp. 171-195.
    Barnes, Harry Elmer. World Politics in Modern Civilization: The Contributions of Nationalism Capitalism, Imperialism, and Militarism to Human Culture and International Anarchy. New York: Alfred. A. Knopf, 1930.
    Bellot, Hugh H. L. “The Detention of Napoleon Buonaparte”, Law Quarterly Review, 39(Apr., 1923), pp. 170-192.
    Bellot, Hugh H. L. “War Crimes: Their Prevention and Punishment”, Problems of the War, vol. 2, Papers read before the Society in the Year 1916, (1916), pp. 31-55。
    Best, Geoffrey. “Peace Conference and the total War: The 1899 Hague Conference and what Came After”, International Affairs, 75:3(1999), pp. 619-634.
    Binkley, Robert. “Ten Years of Peace Conference History”, Journal of Modern History, 1:4(Dec., 1929), pp. 607-629。
    Boemeke, Manfred F. and Feldman, Gerald. (eds.) The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment after 75 Years. Washington, D. C.: German Historical Institute, 1998.
    Bouchard, Constance Brittain. Strong of Body, Brave and Noble: Chivalry and Society in Medieval France. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998.
    Boyd, Kelly. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, vol. 2, New York: Routledge, 1999.
    Cecil, Lamar. Wilhelm II, vol. 2. Chapel Hill & London: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
    Chickering, Roger. Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914-1918. New York and London: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
    Cline, Catherine Ann. “British Historian and the Treaty of Versailles”, Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies, 20:1(Spr., 1988), pp. 43-58.
    Contamine, Philippe. War in the Middle Ages. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, 1986.
    Coulton, G. G. Medieval Panorama: The English Scene from Conquest to Reformation. New York: Meridian Books, 1955.
    Cowdrey, H. E. J. “The Peace and the Truce of God in the Eleventh Century”, Past and Present, 46(Feb, 1970), pp. 42-67。
    Craig, Gordon A. and Gilbert, Felix. (eds.) The Diplomats, 1919-1939. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
    Craig, Gordon A. Germany, 1866-1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.
    Craig, Gordon A. The Politics of the Prussian Army, 1640-1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1956.
    Dawson, Doyne. The Origins of Western Warfare: Militarism and Morality in the Ancient World. Boulder: Westview Press, 1996.
    Demartial, Georges. “A Frenchman Lays Blame on France, Russia and England”, Current History, 23:6(Mar., 1926), pp. 787-793.
    Dodge, Theodore Ayrault. Gustavus Adolphus: A History of the Art of War from its revival after the Middle Ages to the end of the Spanish Succession War, with a detailed Account of the Campaigns of the great Swede, and of the most famous Campaign of Turenne, Condé, Eugene and Marlborough, vol.1. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin and co., 1895.
    Doyle, Arthur Conan. “A Policy of Murder”, The New York Times Current History 2:3(Jun., 1915), pp. 546-548.
    Emmerson, J.T. The Rhineland Crisis. Ames: Iowa University Press, 1977.
    Evans, Ellen L. and Baylen, Joseph O. “History as Propaganda: The German Foreign Ministry and the ‘Enlightenment’ of American Historians on the War-Guilt Question, 1930-1933,” in Wilson, Keith. (ed.) Forging the Collective Memory: Government and International Historians Through Two World Wars. New York: Berghahn Books, 1996, pp. 151-177.
    Eyck, Erich. A History of the Weimar Republic. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1962.
    Eyffinger, Arthur. The 1899 Hague Peace Conference: “The Parliament of Man, the Federation of the World”. Hague: Kluwer Law International, 1999.
    Fay, Sidney B. “Book Reviews”, Political Science Quarterly, 40:4(Dec., 1925), pp. 626-629。
    Fay, Sidney B. “New Light on the Origins of the World War, I. Berlin and Vienna, to July, 29”, The American Historical Review, 25:4(Jul., 1920), pp. 616-639.
    Fay, Sidney B. “New Light on the Origins of the World War, II. Berlin and Vienna, July 29 to 31”, The American Historical Review, 26:1(Oct., 1920), pp. 37-53.
    Fay, Sidney B. “New Light on the Origins of the World War, III. Russia and the other Powers”, The American Historical Review, 26:2(Jan., 1921), pp. 225-254.
    Fay, Sidney B. The Origins of the World War. New York: Macmillan Company, 1948.
    Fernández Alvarez, Manuel. Charles V: Elected Emperor and Hereditary Ruler. London: Thames and Hudson, 1975.
    Fink, Carole and Hull, Isabel V. and Knox, MacGregor. (eds.) German Nationalism and the European Response, 1890-1945. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985.
    Ford, Thomas K. “The Genesis of the First Hague Peace Conference”, Political Science Quarterly, 51:3(Sep., 1936), pp.
    Garner, James W. “Punishments of Offenders against the Laws and Customs of War”, American Journal of International Law, 14:1(Jan.-Apr., 1920), pp.70-94.
    Garner, James W. “Some Questions of International Law in the European War (Jan., 1915)”, American Journal of International Law, 9:1(Jan., 1915), pp. 72-86。
    Garner, James W. “Some Questions of International Law in the European War (Jul., 1915)”, American Journal of International Law, 9:3(Jul., 1915), pp. 594-626。
    Geiss, Imanuel. “The Outbreak of the First World War and German War Aims”, Journal of Contemporary History, 1:3(Jul., 1966), pp. 75-91.
    Gilliland, Jane. “Submarines and Targets: Suggestions for New Codified Rules of Submarine Warfare”, Georgetown Law Journal, 73(Feb., 1985), pp. 975-1005。
    Glasgow, George. From Dawes to Locarno: Being a Critical Records of an Important Achievement in European Diplomacy, 1924-1925. London: E. Benn, 1925.
    Gooch, G. P. “Recent Revelations on European Diplomacy”, Journal of the British Institute of International Affairs, 2:1 (Jan., 1923), pp. 1-29.
    Greener, William Wellington. The Gun and its Development. New York: Cassell and Company, 1910.
    Gregory, S. S. “Criminal Responsibility of Sovereigns for willful Violations of the Laws of War”, Virginia Law Review, 6:6(Mar., 1920), pp. 400-421。
    Grotius, Hugo. De Jure Belli Ac Pacis Libri Tres, Volume Two: The Translation. Kelsey, Francis W. (tran.), Washington D. C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1928.
    Hahn, Erich J. C. “The German Foreign Ministry and the Question of War Guilt in 1918-1919”, in Fink, Carole and Hull, Isabel V. and Knox, MacGregor (eds.), German Nationalism and the European Response, 1890-1945, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985, pp. 43-70.
    Halleck, H. W. Elements of International Law and Laws of War. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & CO., 1866.
    Hamilton, Keith A.. “Britannia Contra Mundum- Britain and the First Hague Peace Conference”, in Kalshoven, Frits. (ed.) The Centennial of the First International Peace Conference: Reports & Conclusions. Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2000,附錄會議論文光碟,檔名1899uk.pdf。
    Hamilton, Keith. “The Historical Diplomacy of the Third Republic” in Wilson, Keith. (ed.) Forging the Collective Memory: Government and International Historians through Two World Wars. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books, 1996, pp. 29-62.
    Harbaugh, William Henry. The Life and Times of Theodore Roosevelt. London: Oxford University Press, 1975.
    Herwig, Holger H. “Clio Deceived: Patriotic Self-censorship in Germany after the Great War” in Wilson, Keith. (ed.) Forging the Collective Memory: Government and International Historians through Two World Wars. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books, 1996, pp. 87-127.
    Hinsley, F. H. (ed.) The New Cambridge Modern History, vol. XI: Material Progress and World-Wide Problems 1870-1898. London: Cambridge University Press, 1967.
    Holborn, Hajo. “Diplomats and Diplomacy in the Early Weimar Republic”, in Craig, Gordon A. and Gilbert, Felix. (eds.) The Diplomats, 1919-1939. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 123-170.
    Horne, John and Kramer, Alan. The German Atrocities of 1914: A History of Denial. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2001.
    Hurd, Archibald. Murder at Sea. London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd., ca.1915。
    Jones, Heather. “The Final Logic of Sacrifice? Violence in German Prisoner of War Labor Companies in 1918”, The Historian, 68:4(Dec., 2006), pp. 770-791.
    Jourdain, Margaret. “Air Raid Reprisals and Starvation by Blockade”, International Journal of Ethics, 28:4(Jul., 1918), pp. 542-553.
    Kalshoven, Frits. (ed.) The Centennial of the First International Peace Conference: Reports & Conclusions. Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2000.
    Kautsky, Karl. The Guilt of William Hohenzollern. London: Skeffington & Son, 1920.
    Keynes, John Maynard. The Economic Consequences of the Peace. London: MacMillan and Co., 1920.
    Kolb, Eberhard. The Weimar Republic. London: Routledge, 2004.
    Lasswell, Harold. Propaganda Technique in World War I. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1971。
    Lentin, A. Lloyd Woodrow Wilson and the Guilt of Germany: An Essay in the Pre-History of Appeasement. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1984.
    Lingelbach, William E. “The History of Post-War Peace Proposals Beginning with the League Covenant”, Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science, 13:2(Jan., 1929), pp. 204-218.
    Link, Arthur S. Woodrow Wilson, Revolution, War, and Peace. Arlington Heights: AHM Publishing Co., 1979.
    Luckau, Alma. “Unconditional Acceptance of the Treaty of Versailles by the German Government, June 22-28, 1919”, The Journal of Modern History, 17:3(Sep., 1945), pp. 215-220。
    Ludwig, Emil. Wilhelm Hohenzollern: The Last of the Kaisers. New York & London: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1927.
    Luken, Otto H. “Present-Day Germany: An Inside View”, Current History, 11:2:2(Feb., 1920), pp. 249-250.
    Macdonell, John. “Modern Treaties of Peace”, Contemporary Review, 108(Jul., 1915), pp. 273-283.
    Maehl, William Harvey. The German Socialist Party: Champion of the First Republic, 1918-1933. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1986.
    Marks, Sally. “Smoke and Mirrors: In Smoke-Filled Rooms and the Galerie des Glaces”, in Manfred F. Boemeke, Gerald D. Feldman and Elisabeth Glaser. (eds.) The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment after 75 Years. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 337-370。
    Medlicott, W. N. British Foreign Policy since Versailles 1919-1963. London: Methuen, 1968.
    Members of the Oxford Faculty of Modern History, Why We are at War: Great Britain’s Case. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1914.
    Meron, Theodor. Henry’s Wars and Shakespeare’s Laws: Perspectives on the Law of War in the Later Middle Age. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
    Miller, Rod. “Britain and the Rhineland Crisis, 7 March 1936: Retreat from Responsibility or Accepting the Inevitable”, Australian Journal of Politics & History, 33:1(Apr., 1987), pp. 60-77.
    Minor, Raleigh C. “Should the Submarine be used in Warfare upon Commerce”, Virginia Law Review, 3:8(May, 1916), pp. 573-582。
    Mombauer, Annika. The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus. London: Longman, 2002.
    Mommsen, Wolfgang J. “Max Weber and the Peace Treaty of Versailles”, in Boemeke, Manfred F. and Feldman, Gerald. (eds.) The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment after 75 Years. Washington, D. C.: German Historical Institute, 1998, pp. 535-546。
    Montgelas, Max von. The Case for the Central Powers: An Impeachment of the Versailles Verdict. London: George Allen & Unwin, 1925.
    Morel, Edmund D. Truth and the War. London: The National Labour Press Ltd., 1918.
    Morrill, Dan L. “Nicholas II and the Call for the First Hague Conference”, Journal of Modern History, 46:2(1974.06), pp. 296-313.
    Myers, Denys P. “The League Of Nations in Action”, Current History, 21:2(Nov., 1924), pp. 181-185.
    Neff, Stephen C. War and the Law of Nations: A General History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
    Neilson, Francis. How Diplomats Make War. New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1916.
    Nicholls, A. J. Weimar and the Rise of Hitler. New York: Macmillan, 1991.
    Nicholls, David. “Richard Cobden and the International Peace Congress Movement, 1848-1853”, The Journal of British Studies, 30:4(1991), pp. 351-376。
    Nicolson, Harold. King George the Fifth: His Life and Reign. London: Constable & CO. Ltd., 1952.
    Pakenham, Thomas. The Boer War. New York: Random House, 1979.
    Pruessen, Ronald W. John Foster Dulles: The Road to Power. New York: The Free Press. 1982.
    Raemaekers, Louis. Raemaekers’ Cartoons. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1916.
    Read, James Morgan. Atrocities Propaganda, 1914-1919. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1941.
    Reinach, Joseph. “He is the Master Assassin”, The New York Times Current History, 4:6(Sept., 1916), pp. 1103-1104.
    Reinsch, Paul S. “Failures and Successes at the Second Hague Conference”, The American Political Review, 2:2(Feb., 1908), pp, 204-220.
    Renouvin, Pierre. The Immediate Origins of the War, 28th June--4th August 1914. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1928.
    Rhodes, James Ford. History of the Civil War 1861-1865. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1919.
    Robbins, Keith G. “Lord Bryce and the First World War”, The Historical Journal, 10:2(1967), pp. 255-277.
    Rogers, Clifford J. “The Military Revolutions of the Hundred Years’ War”, The Journal of Military History, 57:2 (Apr., 1993), pp. 241-278.
    Schaack, Eric Van. “The Coming of the Huns! American Fears of a German Invasion, 1918”, The Journal of the American Culture, 28:3(Sep., 2005), 284-291.
    Schmitt, Bernadotte E. The Coming of the War: 1914. New York: Scribner’s Sons, 1930.
    Schnee, Heinrich. German Colonization: Past And Future. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1926.
    Schröder, Hans-Jürgen. (ed.) Confrontation and Cooperation. Germany and the United States in the Era of World War I, 1900-1924. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
    Schwarzenfeld, Gertrude von. Charles V, Father of Europe. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1957.
    Scott, Hamish M. British Foreign Policy in the Age of the American Revolution. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.
    Seaman, John T. A Citizen of the World: The Life of James Bryce. London & New York: Tauris Academic Studies, 2006.
    Segesser, Daniel Marc. “The International Debate on the Punishment of War Crimes during the Balkan Wars and the First World War”, Peace & Change, 31:4(Oct., 2006), pp. 533-554.
    Setton, Kenneth M. (ed.) A History of Crusades, vol. II. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1969.
    Shotwell, James T. “Plans and Protocols to End War: Historical Outline and Guide”, International Conciliation, 10(Mar., 1925), pp. 75-110.
    Sondhaus, Lawrence. Naval Warfare, 1815-1914. New York: Routledge, 2001.
    Speed, Richard B. Prisoners, Diplomats, and the Great War: A Study in the Diplomacy of Captivity. New York: Greenwood Press, 1990.
    Stiénon, Charles. “The Zeppelin Raids and their Effect on England”, The New York Times Current History, 6:[1]:2(May, 1917), pp. 333-338.
    Tallett, Frank. War and Society in Early-Modern Europe: 1495-1715. London: Routledge, 1992.
    Taylor, Philip M. “The Foreign Office and British Propaganda during the First World War”, The Historical Journal, 23:4(1980), pp. 875-898。
    Temperley, H. W. V. (ed.) A History of the Peace Conference of Paris, vol. 1. London: Joint Committee of Henry Frowde, Hodder and Stoughton, 1920
    Trachtenberg, Marc. “Reparation at the Paris Peace Conference”, Journal of Modern History, 51:1(Mar., 1979), pp. 24-55
    Trachtenberg, Marc. “Versailles Revisited”, Security Studies, 9:3(Spr., 2000), pp. 191-205。
    Van Schaack, Eric. “The Coming of the Huns! American Fears of a German Invasion, 1918”, The Journal of the American Culture, 28:3(Sep., 2005), 284-291。
    Wells, Donald A. War Crimes and Laws of War. Lanham: University Press of America, 1984.
    Willis, James F. Prologue to Nuremberg: The Politics and Diplomacy of Punishing War Criminals of the First World War. Westport and London: Greenwood Press, 1982.
    Wilson, Keith. (ed.) Forging the Collective Memory: Government and International Historians through Two World Wars. Providence, RI: Berghahn Books, 1996.
    Wilson, Trevor. “Lord Bryce’s Investigation into Alleged in Belgium, 1914-15”, Journal of Contemporary History, 14:3(Jul., 1979), pp. 369-383.
    Wittgens, Herman J. “War Guilt Propaganda conducted by the German Foreign Ministry during the 1920s”, Historical Papers, 15:1(1980), pp. 228-247。
    Geoffrey Parker著,傅景川譯,《劍橋戰爭史》,長春:吉林人民出版社,1999年。
    Gerhard Ritter著,國防部聯合作戰委員會譯,《史利芬計劃》,臺北:國防部聯合作戰委員會,1968年。
    王芝芝,〈英國史家與凡爾賽和約〉,《輔仁歷史學報》第3期,1991.12,頁57-74。
    王海平,〈西方正義戰爭理論的兩個重要範疇訴諸戰爭的權利(jus ad bellum)和戰爭法規(jus in bello)〉,《西安政治學院學報》17卷3期,2004.06,頁67-71。
    史紀德斯基(Robert Skidelsky)著,莊安祺等譯,《不朽的天才凱因斯傳》,臺北:知識流出版公司,2006。
    克勞塞維茨(Carl von Clausewitz)著,《戰爭論》,臺北:貓頭鷹出版社,2001年。
    呂一民,〈法國知識分子史視野中的德雷福斯事件〉,《浙江大學學報(人文社會科學版)》,31卷1期,2001.01,頁89-95。
    沙蓀(Donald Sassoon)著,黃中憲譯,《蒙娜麗莎五百年》,臺北:貓頭鷹出版社,2003年。
    施誠,〈論中古西歐「上帝的和平」運動〉,《歷史研究》2001年第1期,頁99-104。
    唐啟華,〈清末民初中國對「海牙保和會」之參與,1899-1917〉,《政治大學歷史學報》,23期,2005.05,頁45-89。
    埃里希‧艾克(Erich Eyck)著,高年生譯,《威瑪共和國史》,上卷,北京:商務印書館,1994年。
    麥克里蘭(J. S. McClelland)著,彭淮棟譯,《西洋政治思想史》,臺北:商業周刊出版公司,2000年。
    傅寶真,《德國軍事史,1640-1918》,臺北:國防部史政編譯室,1995年。
    塔西佗(Cornelius Tacitus)著,王以鑄、崔妙因譯,《塔西佗歷史》,臺北:臺灣商務印書館,2004年。
    熊梅,〈孫子「仁」的思想與戰爭法的運用〉,《濱州學院學報》23卷5期,2007.10,頁117-120。
    鄭雪飛,〈美國獨立戰爭期間歐洲中立國的海上貿易權利之爭〉,《平頂山學院學報》20卷3期,2005.06,頁8-14。
    魯登道夫(Erich Ludendorff)著,戴耀先譯,《總體戰》,北京:解放軍出版社,1988年。
    霍布斯(Thomas Hobbes)著,朱敏章譯,《利維坦》,臺北:台灣商務印書館,2001年。
    霍布斯邦(Eric Hobsbawm)著,鄭明萱譯,《極端的年代:1914-1991》,臺北:麥田出版公司,1996年。
    邁克爾.霍華德(Michael Howard)著,褚律元譯,《歐洲歷史上的戰爭》,瀋陽:遼寧教育出版社,1998年。
    叢文勝,《戰爭法:原理與實用》,北京:軍事科學出版社,2003年。

    報紙
    The New York Times, 1914-1927.
    The Times, 1914-1919.

    電子資料庫
    《中文馬克思主義文庫》線上資料庫,http://www.marxists.org/chinese/04/marxist.org-chinese-rosa-191812.htm。
    Avalon Project- Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy [Online], http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/lawwar.asp。
    Behind the Wire: British POWs in 1914-1918 [Online], http://www.1914-1918.net/POW/index.php。
    De Re Militari: The Society for Medieval Military History [Online], http://www.deremilitari.org/resources/sources/bremule.htm。
    Deutsche Geschichte in Dokumenten und Bildern (DGDB) [Online], http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=755&language=german。
    Lusitania Online, http://www.lusitania.net/deadlycargo.html。
    The First World War: Primary Documents,http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/london1839.htm 。
    The International Humanitarian Law Database [Online], http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/INTRO/115?OpenDocument。
    The National Archives [Online], http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/firstworldwar/spotlights/alleged.htm。
    The World War One Document Archive [Online], http://net.lib.byu.edu/~rdh7/wwi/1914m/dailytel.html。
    Titanic Inquiry Project [Online], http://www.titanicinquiry.org/Lusitania/indx.php。
    Uboat.net [Online], http://www.uboat.net/wwi/types/index.html?type=U+19。
    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    歷史學系
    89153506
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0891535061
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[歷史學系] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File SizeFormat
    index.html0KbHTML2782View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback