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    政大機構典藏 > 政大學報 > 第10期 > 期刊論文 >  Item 140.119/89976
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/89976


    Title: 美國各州教育基準方案之研究
    Other Titles: A Study on the State Educational Foundation Programs of the United States
    Authors: 梁尚勇
    Liang, Shang-yung
    Date: 1964-12
    Issue Date: 2016-05-03 13:39:10 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 據美國憲法,教育非列舉權(Enumerated Power),不屬聯邦職掌範圍。又據美國憲法修正案第十條(Amendment 10),教育乃餘權,為各州所享有。故美國自立國以來,教育久視為州之職能(state function),地方之責任(local responsbility),已成傳統。因此,徵稅籌款,設校延師,各地方學區(local school districts)皆設有教育董事會(board of education)可自主其事。而制定學則,規劃標準,則籍州立法權之行使,由州政府職掌。然則,各地方學區稅源榮枯不一,其經濟狀況良好者,財力豐厚,所辦學校非但能符合州政府之要求,且有餘力作進一步之發展。但其經濟狀況貧瘠者,財力匱乏,所辦學校因陋就簡,求達標準已非易事,遑論望標準以上之發展。此種情勢遂造成地方教育良窳失調之現象。各州政府有見於此,久已從事各種方案之研究以覓對策。惟其煞費苦心之處,一方面固須以州政府之立場,以州之財力輔助調節全州各學區之教育,以應事實上之需要。另方面則又須尊重教育為地方之責任之傳統,不侵奪地方之主動性。兩者在性質上本不相融,求其兼顧而得其當,殊非易事。本文將討論之基準方案(Foundation Program),即為目前為美國各州所普遍採用之一種解決此項問題之方法。雖然,各州因客觀條件不儘相同,主觀看法亦容有異,其所採用之基準方案,名稱雖一,但內容則有出入。本文主旨即在將此基準方案產生之淵源,意義,特性,及今後發展之趨勢,以分析歸納方法作一研究,俾關心地方教育發展之我國人士,作一參考。
    Relation: 國立政治大學學報,10,293-310
    Data Type: article
    Appears in Collections:[第10期] 期刊論文

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