English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113318/144297 (79%)
Visitors : 50984037      Online Users : 990
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/67913


    Title: 勞動經驗對薪資取得之性別差異
    Gerder gap in wage returns to job experience in Taiwan
    Authors: 陳雅惠
    Chen, Ya Hui
    Contributors: 張峯彬
    Chang, Feng Bin
    陳雅惠
    Chen, Ya Hui
    Keywords: 勞動經驗
    性別間薪資差距
    人力資本理論
    分解分析
    Date: 2013
    Issue Date: 2014-07-29 16:13:46 (UTC+8)
    Abstract:   性別間的薪資差距一直是重要的研究議題,人力資本理論指出,影響薪資取得的兩大因素為教育程度與工作經驗,在兩性教育程度接近的當代,兩性勞動經驗的落差,很可能是造成薪資差距的重要原因。本研究援引2005年「東亞社會階層與流動調查」(Social Stratification and Social Mobility),以詳細的工作史資料,針對「現任公司年資」(firm tenure)、「職務轉換經驗」(job shift)與「勞力市場投入程度」(labor market attachment)這些不同的勞動經驗,意圖理解其如何影響薪資取得,進而造成性別間的薪資差距。本文主要的發現有以下幾點:
      首先,現任公司年資對於薪資取得有正向效果,且為非線性關係,男性迴歸模型與女性迴歸模型的現任公司年資係數,並不存在顯著差異。這個發現與過往研究結果大致相符,驗證了人力資本觀點中對於現任公司年資的重視。
      其次,職務轉換經驗對於薪資的提升並不具備顯著效果,但兩性的原因不一。男性的職務轉換經驗受現任公司規模與部門影響,女性則是婚姻狀態。
      最後,勞力市場投入程度對於兩性的薪資取得具備顯著正向的效果,男性樣本與女性樣本的勞力市場投入程度,在模型的迴歸係數比較上,也同樣不存在顯著差異。
      上述三個變項投入模型後,皆可減少性別對薪資的部分直接效果。而在分解分析中,三者能對性別的薪資差異做出解釋,其中以勞力市場投入程度的解釋幅度最大,約為15%。整體模型則大約可解釋17%-41%的性別薪資差距。
      整體研究結果顯示:女性的勞動經驗更容易受到家庭責任的影響,臺灣的勞力市場由於較為競爭而缺乏操作歧視的空間,性別間薪資的不平等因此是間接透過雇主去身體化的操作,刻意忽略女性由於家庭責任所造成的低勞力市場投入,在一個「公平」的對待下給予女性較低的薪資所導致。
    Reference: 一、官方資料
    日本統計局,2011,每月勤勞統計調查,資料來源:
    <http://www.e-stat.go.jp/SG1/estat/GL08020103.do?_toGL08020103_&listID=000001111795&disp=Other&requestSender=search>
    行政院主計處。受僱員工薪資調查統計。資料來源:
    < http://win.dgbas.gov.tw/dgbas04/bc5/EarningAndProductivity/Default.aspx>
    行政院主計處,2009,人力資源運用調查。資料來源:<http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=14676&ctNode=3580&mp=1>
    行政院勞委會,2009,性別統計專區。資料來源:<http://statdb.cla.gov.tw/html/woman/99womanmenu.htm>
    行政院勞委會,2012,性別勞動統計。資料來源:
    <http://statdb.cla.gov.tw/html/woman/02womanmenu.htm>
    行政院勞委會,2012,勞工生活及就業狀況調查。資料來源:
    <http://statdb.cla.gov.tw/html/svy01/10102menu.htm>
    Eurostat. 2011. Gender pay gap in unadjusted form. Available from:
    <http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/tgm/refreshTableAction.do?tab=table&plugin=1&pcode=tsdsc340&language=en>
    OECD. 2011. Indicators of Gender Equality in Employment. Available from:
    <http://www.oecd.org/gender/data/indicatorsofgenderequalityinemployment.htm>

    二、中文部份
    張晉芬,1993,〈企業組織中升遷機會的決定及員工的期望:兼論內部勞力市場理論的應用〉。《人文及社會科學集刊》6(1):205-230。
    張晉芬、杜素豪,2012,〈性別間薪資差距的趨勢與解釋:新世紀之初的臺灣〉。謝雨生、傅仰止編,《臺灣的社會變遷1985-2005:社會階層與勞力市場(臺灣社會變遷基本調查系列三之3)》,頁217-250,台北:中央研究院社會學研究所。
    蔡瑞明、林大森,2002,〈滾石不生苔?臺灣勞力市場中的工作經歷對薪資的影響〉。《臺灣社會學刊》29:57-95。
    蘇國賢、喻維欣、章英華,2005,〈東亞社會階層與社會流動研究:臺灣社會變遷基本調查附加專題調查〉。《調查研究》18:161-164。

    三、英文部份
    Acker, Joan. 1990. &quot;Hierarchies, Jobs, Bodies: A Theory of Gendered Organization.&quot; Gender and Society. 4(2):139-158.
    Baker, George, Michael Gibbs and Bengt Holmstrom. 1994. &quot;The Wage Policy of a Firm.&quot; The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 109(4):921-955.
    Becker S. Gary. 1971. The Economics of Discrimination. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Becker S. Gary. 1975. Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Brinton, Mary C. 2001 &quot;Married Women’s Labor in East Asian Economics.&quot; Pp.1-37 in Women’s working lives in East Asia, edited by Mary C. Brinton. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
    Burdett, Kenneth. 1978. &quot;A Theory of Employee Job Search and Quit Rates.&quot; The American Economic Review. 68(1):212-220.
    Bygren, Magnus and Michael Gähler. 2012. &quot;Family Formation and Men’s Attainment of Workplace Authority.&quot; Social Force. 90(3):795-816.
    Chang C-.f. and Paula England. 2011. &quot;Gender Inequality in earnings in industrialized East asia.&quot; Social Science Research. 40(1):1-14.
    Elder, Glen H. 1985. &quot;Perspectives in the Life Course.&quot; Pp.23-49 in Life Course Dynamic, edited by G. H. Elder Jr. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
    England, Paula. 1992. Comparable Worth: Theories and Evidence. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
    Fuller, Sylvia. 2008. &quot;Job Mobility and Wage Trajectories for Men and Women in the United States. &quot; American Sociological Review 73:158-183.
    Goldin, Claudia. 1990. Understanding the Gender Gap: An Economic History of American Women. New York: Oxford University Press.
    Grand, Carl le and Michal Tåblin. 2002. &quot;Job Mobility and Earnings Growth.&quot; European Sociological Review 18:381-400.
    Hannan, Michael T., Klaus Schönmann and Hans-Peter Blossfeld. 1990. &quot;Sex and Sector Difference of Wage Growth in the Federal Republic of Germany.&quot; The American Sociological Review. 55:694-713.
    Heckman, James J. 1979. Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error. Econometrica 47: 153-161.
    Hochschild, Arlie R. 1989. The Second Shift. New York: Penguin Press.
    Jann, Ben. 2008. &quot;The Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition for linear regression models.&quot; The Stata Journal. 8(4):453-479.
    Kalleberg, Arne L., and James R. Lincoln. 1988. &quot;The Structure of Earnings Inequality in the United States and Japan.&quot; American Journal of Sociology 94:121-153.
    Kanter, Rosabeth M. 1977. Men and Women of the Corporation. New York: Basic Books.
    Kilbourne, Barbara Stanek, George Farkas, Kurt Beron, Dorothea Weir and Paula England. 1994. &quot;Returns to Skill Compensating Differentials and Gender Bias: Effects of Occupational Characteristics on the Wages of White Women and Men.&quot; American Journal of Sociology 100:689-719.
    Lazear, Edward P. 1992. &quot;The Job as a Concept.&quot; Pp.183-215 in Performance Measurement, Evaluation, and Incentives, edited by William J. Bruns. Jr. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
    Mincer, Jacob and Solomon Polachek. 1974. &quot;Family Investments in Human Capital: Earnings of Women.&quot; Journal of Political Economy. 82(2):S76-S108.
    Oaxaca, Ronald. 1973. &quot;Male-Female Wage Differentials in Urban Labor Markets.&quot; International Economic Review. 14(3):693-709.
    Phelps, Edmund. 1972. &quot;The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism.&quot; The American Economic Review. 62(4):659-661.
    Ridgeway, Cecilia. 1997. &quot;Interaction and The Conservation of Gender Inequality: Considering Employment.&quot; American Sociological Review. 62:218-235.
    Tam, Tony. 1997. &quot;Sex Segregation and Occupational Gender Inequality in The United States: Devaluation or Specialized Training?&quot; American Journal of Sociology 102:1652-1692.
    Wellington, Alison J. 1994. &quot;Accounting for the Male/Female Wage Gap among Whites: 1976 and 1985.&quot; American Sociological Review 59:839-848.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    社會學研究所
    100254001
    102
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100254001
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[社會學系] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File SizeFormat
    400101.pdf727KbAdobe PDF2389View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback