| Abstract: | 此一研究計畫檢視詞彙功能語法(LFG)中的詞彙映照理論(LMT)，從一致性
與精簡的角度出發，發展出一優選詞彙映照理論；接著以此分析漢語中多項述詞
的論旨結構類型、詞彙映照、及功能轉換，並且從語法互動的角度對功能轉換
(function-changing)的結構提出解釋。
優選理論在音韻研究上已是主流之理論趨勢，但在句法研究上的應用卻仍屬
起步階段，且多以詞組結構與詞序為主；國內目前亦尚無OT 之語法研究。次項
研究計畫以作者研究之互動理論及簡化詞彙映照理論（Lexical Mapping Theory,
LMT）為基礎，以優選理論（Optimality Theory, OT）詮釋語法互動及LMT，將
論旨結構（a-structure）與語法功能（lexical form）之映照原則轉化為有優選排
序之映照限制（constraints），進而發展出一完整之優選詞彙映照理論（OT-LMT），
並以其對英語漢語中之多種語法功能轉換現象之分析，驗證此一理論之合理性及
普遍性。根據簡化LMT 之單一映照原則初步發展出以下OT 限制，於{a-structure,
lexical form}之candidate set 選取optimal output。以下R 指role，F 指function。
(1) Argument-Function Mapping Constraints
CompFun(R, F): Given an a-structure argument R, <..R..>,
R is linked to a compatible argument function F
LinkFun(F, R): Given an argument function F in lexical form,
<..F..>, F is linked to an argument R in a-structure
UniqFun(Fa, Fb): Given any two argument functions Fa and
Fb in lexical form, <.. Fa..Fb..>, Fa ≠ Fb
PromFun(R, F): Given an a-structure argument R, <..R..>,
R is linked to most prominent function F
AlignFun(Fa, Fb): Given any two adjacent argument functions
Fa and Fb in lexical form,<.. Fa Fb..>, Fa is not less
prominent than Fb
CompFun/LinkFun/UniqFun >> AlignFun >> PromFun
此一優選系統應用於英語漢語之處所詞倒置結構及結果式結構。將簡化
LMT 的整體（包括普遍的語法特徵派分及各語言中的詞態語法律）全面以OT
詮釋，完成OT-LMT；目的二在於將以此OT-LMT 分析漢語之詞彙映照，並以此
驗證理論。
The Optimality Theory (OT) has become the dominant trend in phonological research,
while its application in syntactic research is till in its infancy and mostly centers
around the study of phrase structures and word order. Thus far, there has not been any
syntactic study in the Optimality-Theoretic paradigm. This research project, based on
this researcher’s previous work on the simplified lexical mapping theory (LMT), aims
to interpret the linking between a-structures and lexical forms in terms of ranked OT
constraints and to further validate its aptness and universality in analyzing the
function-changing constructions in English and Chinese. The goal is to develop an
OT-LMT。 Her (2002c), based on the simplified LMT, has tentatively proposed a set
of ranked OT constraints to account for the single mapping principle. An optimal out
put is selected from the set of the candidate set of {a-structure, lexical form} pairs。 R
refers to ‘role’ and F to ‘function’.
(1) Argument-Function Mapping Constraints
CompFun(R, F): Given an a-structure argument R, <..R..>,
R is linked to a compatible argument function F
LinkFun(F, R): Given an argument function F in lexical form,
<..F..>, F is linked to an argument R in a-structure
UniqFun(Fa, Fb): Given any two argument functions Fa and
Fb in lexical form, <.. Fa..Fb..>, Fa ≠ Fb
PromFun(R, F): Given an a-structure argument R, <..R..>,
R is linked to most prominent function F
AlignFun(Fa, Fb): Given any two adjacent argument functions
Fa and Fb in lexical form,<.. Fa Fb..>, Fa is not less
prominent than Fb
CompFun/LinkFun/UniqFun >> AlignFun >> PromFun
This OT system has been applied to locative inversion constructions and the
resultative constructions in English and Chinese. The primary goal of this project is to
convert the simplified LMT entirely into OT constraints, including the universal
assignment of syntactic features to argument roles and morpho-lexical and
morpho-syntactic operations. The second goal is to fully re-analyze lexical mapping
in English and Chinese within the newly-developed OT-LMT; doing so also further
validate the aptness and universality of OT-LMT. This project thus can also serve as a
good model where findings in theoretical linguistics are put into practical application. |
