政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/54510
English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文筆數/總筆數 : 113313/144292 (79%)
造訪人次 : 50947152      線上人數 : 932
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜尋範圍 查詢小技巧：
  • 您可在西文檢索詞彙前後加上"雙引號"，以獲取較精準的檢索結果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜尋，建議至進階搜尋限定作者欄位，可獲得較完整資料
    •  進階搜尋


    請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/54510


    題名: 漢語親子對話中的問答現象
    Questions and Responses in Mandarin Parent-child Conversation
    作者: 林以舷
    Lin, Yi Xian
    貢獻者: 黃瓊之
    Huang, Chiung Chih
    林以舷
    Lin, Yi Xian
    關鍵詞: 問句
    回應
    語言習得
    語用發展
    母子互動
    questions
    responses
    language acquisition
    pragmatic development
    mother-child interaction
    日期: 2011
    上傳時間: 2012-10-30 11:16:26 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本研究旨在探討漢語母子對話中孩童問句的語言形式和語用功能，以及其問句和母親回應之間的關係。研究語料來自於一對以漢語為母語的母子在日常生活的對話，孩童的年紀約為二至三歲。研究將孩童問句的語用功能分為四類：詢問訊息(informational)、請求行為(directive)、對話修補(conversational)以及針對自我(self-directed)。母親針對孩童問句所作的回應分為三類：直接回應(answers)、非直接回應(non-answer responses)與無回應(no answers)。研究發現漢語孩童大量依賴疑問詞問句和語助詞問句，而隨著年紀增長，孩童的問句語言形式也更趨多元。研究也發現孩童多使用問句來詢問訊息，而孩童使用問句執行對話修補功能的比例也隨著年紀增長而有所增加，另外，執行此項功能的問句的語言形式也隨年紀增長而越加豐富。最後，研究發現孩童問句多伴隨母親的回應，而母親的回應有時會重複孩童問句或以問句形式出現鼓勵孩童參與對話。
    The study aims to investigate forms and functions the child’s questions and their relations to the mother’s responses in Mandarin mother-child conversations. The data examined are from one mother-child dyad. The child is around two and three years old. The pragmatic functions of the child’s questions are categorized into four types: informational, directive, conversational and self-directed. The mother’s responses to the child’s questions are categorized into three types: answers, non-answer responses and no answers. The results show that the child mostly uses wh-questions and sentence-final particle questions. As the child grows older, the question forms he uses become more various. In addition, the child uses questions mainly to ask for factual knowledge. The child’s questions which repair the breakdown of the conversation are significant as the child grows older. The result suggests that the child gradually becomes a skillful conversationalist. Last, the data reveals that the child’s questions are mostly followed by the mother’s responses, and the mother’s responses may be related to the pragmatic functions of the child’s questions. The mother’s responses also exhibit some characteristics in child-directed speech in order to encourage the child’s participation in verbal interactions.
    參考文獻: Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    Chang, Chung-yin. (1997). A Discourse Analysis of Questions in Mandarin Conversation. M.A. Thesis. Taipei: National Taiwan University.
    Dore, J. (1977). Oh them sheriff: A pragmatic analysis of children’s responses to questions. In Ervin-Tripp S. & Mitchell-Kernan C. (eds.) Child Discourse. New York: Academic Press.
    Einbond, J. (1997). The development of children’s responses to questions: a comparison of English and French. M.A. Thesis. Harvard Graduate School of Education.
    Elliot, A. J. (1981). Child language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Ervin-Tripp, S. (1978). Some features of early child-adult dialogues. Language in Society, 7 (3), 357-373.
    Faughn, S. B. (2009). The influence of children’s age and gender on mothers’questions and children’s responses. M.A. Thesis. California State University, Sacramento.
    Freed, A. F. (1994). The form and function of questions in informal dyadic conversation. Journal of Pragmatics, 21, 621-644.
    Hayashi, M. (2010). An overview of the question-response system in Japanese. Journal of Pragmatics, 42 (10), 2685-2702.
    Ho, S. W. Gloric. (2000). The pragmatic functions of children’s questions. M. A. Thesis. Hong Kong: The University of Hong Kong.
    Holzman, M. (1972). The use of interrogative forms in the verbal interaction of three mothers and their children. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 1 (4), 311-336.
    Huang, Rui-heng Ray. (2008). Deriving VP-neg questions in Modern Chinese: A unified analysis of A-not-A syntax. Taiwan Journal of Linguistics 6.1: 1-54.
    Hsu, Joseph H. (1996). A study of the Stages of Development and Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese by Children in Taiwan. Taipei: The Crane Publishing Co.
    James, S. L. & Seebach M. A. (1982). The pragmatic function of children’s questions. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 25, 2-11.
    Kaye, K & Charney, R. (1981). Conversational asymmetry between mothers and children. Journal of Child Language, 8, 39-45.
    Kearsley, G. (1976). Questions and question-asking in verbal discourse: A cross-disciplinary review. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 5 (4), 355-375.
    Li, C. & Thompson, S. A. (1981). Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
    Lu, W. Y. (2005). Sentence-final particles as attitude markers in Mandarin Chinese.
    Ph. D. These. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
    Nino, A. & Snow, C. E. (1996). Pragmatic Development: Essays in Developmental Science. USA: Westview Press, Inc.
    Olsen-Fulero, L & Jill Conforti. (1983). Child responsiveness to mother questions of varying type and presentation. Journal of Child Language, 10 (3), 495-520.
    Owen, R. E. (1984). Language development: An introduction. Columbus: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company.
    Paavola, L. & Kunnari, S. & Moilanen, I. & Lehtihalmes, M. (2005). The functions of maternal verbal responses to prelinguistic infants as predictors of early communicative and linguistic development. First Language, 25 (2), 173-195.
    Przetacznik-Gierowska, M & Ligęza, M. (1990). Cognitive and interpersonal functions of children`s questions. In Conti-Ramsden G. & Snow C. E., (ed.) Children’s Language, 7. England: Psychology Press.
    Schegloff, E. A., Sacks, H. & Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. Language, 50, 696-735.
    Shatz, M. (1979). How to do things by asking: Form-function pairings in mothers’questions and their relation to children’s responses. Child Development, 50, 1093-1099.
    Sinclair A. & R. van Gessel. (1990). The form and function of questions in children’s conversations. Journal of Pragmatics, 14, 923-944.
    Snow, C. (1972). Mothers’ speech to children learning language. Child Development, 43, 549-565.
    Snow, C. (1986). Conversations with Children. In Fletcher P. & Garman M. (eds.), Langauge acquisition: Studies in first language development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    Stivers, Tanya & Enfield N. J. (2010). Question-response sequences across ten languages. Journal of Pragmatics, 42, 2615-2626.
    Tamis-LeMonda, C. S. & Bornstein, M. H. & Baumwell, L. (2001). Maternal responsiveness and children’s achievement of language milestones. Child Development, 72 (3), 748-767.
    Tizard, B. & Hughes, M. & Carmichaei, H. & Pinkerton, G. (1983). Children’s questions and adults’ answers. Journal of Child Psychology Psychiatry, 24 (2), 269-281.
    Tyack, D. & Ingram, D. (1977). Children’s production and comprehension of questions. Journal of Child Language, 5, 221-236.
    Vaidyanathan, R. (1988). Development of forms and functions of interrogatives in children: A longitudinal study in Tamil. Journal of Child Language, 15 (3), 533-549.
    Wootten, J., Merkin, S., Hood, L. & Bloom, L. (1979). Wh-questions: Linguistic evidence to explain the sequence of acquisition. Paper presented at the biennial meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, San Francisco.
    Yuen, C. P. Kevin. (1994). Response to question-words of Cantonese-speaking preschool children. M. A. Thesis. Hong Kong: The University of Hong Kong.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    語言學研究所
    97555001
    100
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0097555001
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[語言學研究所] 學位論文

    文件中的檔案:

    檔案 描述 大小格式瀏覽次數
    500101.pdf222KbAdobe PDF2930檢視/開啟
    500102.pdf674KbAdobe PDF2888檢視/開啟


    在政大典藏中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏，無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用，惟仍請適度，合理使用本網站之內容，以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用，則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作，已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益，如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者，請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw)，維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回饋