政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/49905

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/49905

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题名:	從借字看漢語聲調與英語輕重音的對應 Stress-to-tone adaptation in Chinese loanwords: an optimality theory perspective
作者:	王麗婷 Wang, Li Ting
贡献者:	蕭宇超 Yuchau E. Hsiao 王麗婷 Wang, Li Ting
关键词:	借字聲調重音優選理論 Tone loan stress Optimality Theory voice enhancement
日期:	2009
上传时间:	2010-12-09 12:35:50 (UTC+8)
摘要:	在有關漢語聲調與英語輕重音的借字研究中，英語重音與漢語聲調的對應並不一致，因此，本篇研究分別從語料庫與優選理論的觀點，重新檢驗漢語借字中漢語聲調與英語輕重音的關係。觀察語料庫發現英語重音傾向與包含高音 (high pitch) 的聲調對應，因此本文提ANCHOR-L(H,σ) 和ANCHOR-R(H, σ) 制約，分別要求英語重音節的H音高要固定在對應音節聲調的左端或右端。在[+voiced]/[+H]- 和 [-voiced]/[-H]- 的制約下，輸出值呈現voice enhancement的效果。換句話說，[+voiced]/[+H]- 制約要求含有聲聲母之英語重音節與低起始音域的聲調對應；[-voiced]/[-H]- 制約要求含無聲聲母之英語重音節與高起始音域的聲調對應。含有聲聲母之英語重音節可能對應到高平調或中升調，制約層級的改變能預測之。若ANCHOR-L(H,σ)與ANCHOR-R(H,σ)支配[+voiced]/[+H]- ，則高平調被選出，但是，若 [+voiced]/[+H]- 支配ANCHOR-L(H,σ) 與 ANCHOR-R(H,σ)，則中升調被選出。在RELCORR制約的要求下，對應重音節聲調的左端調值不低於對應輕音節聲調的左端調值。 The studies of Mandarin loanwords adapted from English have suggested different tonal preferences in correspondence to English stress. This thesis reexamines the relationship between stress and tone in the English-to-Mandarin loanwords based on a corpus and the Optimality Theory. Two anchoring constraints, ANCHOR-L(H,σ) and ANCHOR-R(H,σ) are proposed to require the realization of the pitch accent H of the English stressed syllables, indicating the fact that English stress prefers a tone with a high pitch. The [+voiced]/[+H]- and [-voiced]/[-H]- constraints show a pattern of voice enhancement. [+voiced]/[+H]- requires an English stressed syllable with a voiced onset to be adapted with an initially low-registered tone; [-voiced]/[-H]- requires an English stressed syllable with a voiceless onset to be adapted with an initially high-registered tone. In addition, constraint re-ranking predicts the alternatively choices between the H-tone and the MH-tone for an English stressed syllable with a voiced onset. The H-tone is selected if ANCHOR-L(H,σ)and ANCHOR-R(H,σ) outrank [+voiced]/[+H]-; whereas the MH-tone is chosen if [+voiced]/[+H]- dominates these two anchoring constraints. The RELCORR constraint requires a left-edge tonal correspondence, where the left-edge pitch of a tone that corresponds to an English stressed syllable is not lower than one that corresponds to an English unstressed syllable.
參考文獻:	Bao, Zhiming. 1999. The Structure of Tone. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Beckman, M., and J. Pierrehumbert. 1986. Intonational Structure in Japanese and English. Phonology Yearbook 3, 255-309. Beckman, Jill. 1999. Positional faithfulness. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. New York: Garland. de Lacy, Paul. 1999. The interaction of tone and stress in Optimality Theory. Phonology 19:1-32. Goldsmith, John. 1976. Autosegmental Phonology. Ph.D. dissertation. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT. Hsieh, Feng-fan. 2007. Relational Correspondence in Tone Sandhi. Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Hsieh, Feng-fan and Michael Kenstowicz. 2006. Phonetic knowledge in tonal adaptation: Standard Chinese and English loanwords into Lhasa Tibetan. Hsieh, Feng-fan and Michael Kenstowicz, eds. Studies in Loanword Phonology. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 52, 29-63. Hsu, Hui-chuan. 2008. The mid level tone in Xiamen: H-registered or L-registered? Journal of Chinese Linguistics, Vol. 36, No.1: 73-109. Kenstowicz, Michael. 2004. Tone loans: the adaptation of the English loanwords into Yoruba. Paper presented at the 35th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, Harvard University. Kenstowicz, Michael and Atiwong Suchato. 2006. Issues in loanword phonology: A case study from Thai. Lingua 116(7), 921-949. Kim, Mi-Ryoung. 2006. An optimality-theoretic analysis of voicing-tone interactions in English and Korean. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 12.3, 489-511 Leben Wil. 1996. Tonal feet and the adaptation of English borrowings into Hausa. Studies in African Linguistics 25, 139-54. Liberman, Mark. 1975. The intonation system of English. Ph.D. dissertation. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT. Lundon, S. L. Anya. 2004. Reduplicant Placement, Anchoring and Locality. ROA-885, 1-57. McCarthy, John & Alan Prince. 1995. Faithfulness & Reduplicative Identity. In Jill Beckmen Laura Walsh Dickey, & Suzanne Urbanczyk, eds., Papers in Optimality Theory: University of Massachusetts Occasional Papers 18. Amherst, MA: Graduate Linguistic Student Association. 249-384. Nelson, Nicole. 2003. Asymmetric Anchoring. Ph.D. dissertation, Rutgers University, New Brunswick. Pierrehumbert, Janet. 1980. The Phonetics and Phonology of English intonation. Ph.D. dissertation. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT. Prince, Alan and Smolensky, Paul. 1993/2004. Optimality Theory: Constraint Interaction in General Grammar. Malden, MA. & Oxford: Blackwell. [Revision of 1993 technical report, Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science. Available on Rutgers Optimality Archive, ROA-537] Siverman, Daniel. 1992. Multiple scansions in loanword phonology: evidence from Cantonese. Phonology 9, 289-328. Wu, Hsiao-hung Iris. (2006). Stress to tone: A study of tone loans in Mandarin Chinese. Feng-fan Hsieh and Michael Kenstowicz, eds. Studies in Loanword Phonology. MIT Working Paper in Linguistics 52, 227-53. Yip, Moira. 1989. Contour tones. Phonology 6, 149-174. Yip, Moira. 2002. Tone. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Yin Yuen-Mei. 1991. Some Major Issues in Mandarin Tonal Phonology. Taipei: The Crane Publishing Co., Ltd. 吳瑾瑋. (Wu C. 2006). 現代漢語外來語聲調意義之研究 (The Role of Tone in Mandarin-Chinese Loanwords)。國立台灣師範大學國文學報第四十期，頁197-219。吳瑾瑋. (Wu C. 2007). 香港粵語借詞聲調規律之研究: 優選理論分析 (The Analysis on tonal Patterns in Hong Kong Cantonese Loanwords: An Optimality-Theoretical Approach)。國立台灣師範大學國文學系。中國學術年刊第二十九期，頁145-182。
描述:	碩士國立政治大學語言學研究所 96555011 98
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096555011
数据类型:	thesis
显示于类别:	[語言學研究所] 學位論文

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