English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  Items with full text/Total items : 113318/144297 (79%)
Visitors : 50980744      Online Users : 906
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
Scope Tips:
  • please add "double quotation mark" for query phrases to get precise results
  • please goto advance search for comprehansive author search
  • Adv. Search
    HomeLoginUploadHelpAboutAdminister Goto mobile version
    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/37400


    Title: 女性社會資本回收劣勢的機制:性別化社會資本與獲得職位女性比例
    Authors: 蕭彩含
    Hsiao, Tsai Han
    Contributors: 熊瑞梅
    Hsung, Ray May
    蕭彩含
    Hsiao, Tsai Han
    Keywords: 社會資本
    回報欠缺
    職位女性比例
    職業性別隔離
    性別不平等
    性別化
    social capital
    return deficit
    sex segregation
    gender inequality
    Date: 2008
    Issue Date: 2009-09-19 13:34:26 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 時至今日女性教育程度提高,但女性在勞動力市場獲得的職位並沒有因此提升,大部分的女性仍然傾向集中在以女性居多的劣勢職業,並且薪資明顯低於男性居多的職業。相關研究提醒我們注意接觸工作出缺訊息的管道在進入勞動力市場前就已經出現性別化的現象,男女性的社會網絡並不相同,並且不同性別的求職者傾向動員不同性別的中介人。但究竟是原因使得女性求職者持續進入待遇較差的女性主導職業?Lin(1999)認為男性之所以比女性在勞動力市場的職業獲得更具有優勢,是因為女性求職者存在資本欠缺與回報欠缺,所以只能動員到較劣勢的女性中介人、獲得較差的工作。但從資料分析顯示,女性求職者並不存在資本欠缺,女性求職者擁有的社會資本量並不比男性求職者少,真正導致女性承受回報欠缺的原因在於兩點勞動力市場對於女性的貶值與性別化社會資本的差異。由於勞動力市場對女性求職者本身的歧視,即使女性求職者動員到擁有較多資源的男性中介人也無法有效的脫離求職劣勢。其次,女性求職者透過性別化社會資本尋職而承受回報欠缺的因素在於女性化可觸及社會資本,女性化可觸及社會資本直透過接與間接的效果同時限制女性求職者獲得較好的、女性比例較低職業。但女性化可觸及社會資本對男性求職者只能產生間接影響,且男性求職者擁有的女性化可觸及社會資本比女性求職者來得少很多,女性化可觸及社會資本能發揮的效果並不多。
    總結來說,對於女性求職者而言,回報欠缺主要來自於性別化可觸及社會資本以及雇主對女性能力的貶值、統計歧視等,即使接觸到男性中介人也無助於女性跳脫求職劣勢。對於男性而言則是性別化可動員社會資本才是主要直接影響獲得職業女性比例的關鍵因素。
    Reference: 孫清山、熊瑞梅、許志松,1986,製造業勞工的社會連繫強度與轉業行為。台大社會學刊18:1-24.
    張晉芬、杜素豪,2008,Merits or Less Discrimination? Explaining Gender Gap of
    Earnings in Taiwan between 1993 and 2006。發表於「台灣的社會變遷,
    1985-2005:台灣社會變遷第11次研討會」。台北,南港。
    Bian, Yanjie. 1997. ”Bringing strong ties back in : Indirect ties, network bridges, and job searches in China “American Journal of Sociology, 62:366-85.
    Bielby, William T. and JN Baron. 1986” Sex segregation within occupations” The American Economic Review 76:43-47
    Bielby, William T. and Denise D. Bielby. 1992.”I Will Follow Him:Family Ties, Gender Role Beliefs, and Reluctance to Relocation for a Better Job.” American Journal of Sociology 97:1241-67.
    Burt, Ronald S. 1998. “The gender of social capital.” Rationality and Society. 10:5-46.
    Cheung, Chau-kiu and Yong Gui. 2006. “Job Referral in China: The Advantages of StrongTies.” Human Relations 59:847-72.
    Chen , Chih-jou and Yu ,Te-lin. 2008. “Job Search in Three Societies: Gender, Contacts, and Network Chains” Present at the International Social Capital Conference, Taiwan.
    Chow, Esther Ngan-ling and Ray-May Hsung. 2002. “Gendered organizations, embodiment, and employment among manufacturing workers in Taiwan” Chapter 4 in Transforming gender and development in East Asia, edited by Chow, Esther Ngan-ling. N.Y.:Routledge.
    Correll,SJ and S Benard and I Paik.2007.” Getting a Job: Is There a Motherhood Penalty?” The American Journal of Sociology,112:1297-338.
    Ensel ,Walter M.1979.” Sex, social ties, and status attainment.” NY: State University                 of New York at Albany.
    England, paula.1991. ” From status attainment to segregation and devaluation”
    Contemporary Sociology 21:643-47.
    -1992.” Comparable worth: Theories and evidence” NY Aldine.
    England, paula and Barbara Stanek Kilbourne. 1994a. “Markets, Marriages, and Other Mates: The Problem of Power.” Pp.163-88 in Beyond the Marketplace: Rethinking Economic and Society, edited by R.Friedland and A. F. Robertson. N.Y.:Aldine de Gruyter.
    -1994b” Return to Skill, Compensating Differentials,and Gender Bias:Effects of Occupational Characteristics on the Wages of White Women and Men.”American Journal of Sociology 100:689-719.
    Fernandez, Roberto and Nancy Weinberg. 1997. "Personal Contacts and Hiring in a Retail Bank." American Sociological Review 62:883- 902.
    Fernandez ,Roberto M. and M. Lourdes Sosa. 2005 “Gendering the Job: Networks
    and Recruitment at a Call Center” American Journal of Sociology 111:859–904.
    Fernandez,Roberto M. and Isabel Fernandez-Mateo. 2006“Networks, Race, and Hiring”. American Sociological Review 71: 42-71.
    Flap,Henk and Ed Boxman. 2000. “Getting started:The influence of social capital on the start of the occupational career” Chapter 7 in the Social Capital: Theory and Research .edited by Nan Lin, Karen S. Cook and Ronald S. Burt. New York: Aldine de Gruyter .
    Fiorentine ,R.1993” Theories of Gender Stratification:Assumptions, Evidence, and "Agency" and "Equity" Implications ” Rationality and Society 5:341-66.
    Fischer,CS and SJ Oliker. 1983. “A Research Note on Friendship, Gender, and the
    Life Cycle.” Social Forces 62:124.
    Granovetter, Mark S. 1973. “The Strength of Weak Ties.” American Journal of Sociology 78:1360-80.
    -1974. Getting a Job. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    -1985. “Economic Action and Social Structure:The Problem of Embeddedness.” American Journal of Sociology91:481-510.
    Hanson,S and G Prat. 1991. ” Job search and the occupational segregation of women.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 81:229 -53
    Hartmann, Heidi, Stephen J. Rose and Vicky Lovell. 2006.” How Much Progress in Closing the Long-Term Earnings Gap?” Chapter 5 in the Declining Significance of Gender? edited by Francine D. Blau, Mary C. Brinton and David B. Grusky. NY:Russell Sage Foundation.
    Ibarra, Herminia. 1992. “Homophily and differential returns: Sex differences in network structure and access in an advertising firm.“Administrative Science Quarterly. 37:422-47.
    Jacobs,JA. 1989. “Revolving doors: Sex segregation and women`s careers” Stanford University Press.
    Kauppinen-Toropainen, Kaisa, Irja Kandolin, Elina Haavio-Mannila. 1988. ” Sex Segregation of Work in Finland and the Quality of Women`s Work” Journal of Organizational Behavior. 9:15-27.
    Lin, Nan. 1981a. “Social Resources and Strength of Ties- Structural Factors in Occupational Status Attainment.” American Sociological Review 46:393-405.
    ¬¬-1981b.” Social Resources and Occupational Status Attainment.” Social Forces59:1163-81
    -1999. ”Social Networks and Status Attainment” Annual Review of Sociology25:467-87
    -2000. “Inequality in Social Capital” Contemporary Sociology29:785-95
    -2001.Social Captital-A Theory of Social Structure and Action. Cambridge University Press
    Lin ,Nan, Yang-chih Fu, and Ray-May Hsung. 2001, “Social Capital and Socioeconomic Attainment in Taiwan.” Pp. 57-84 in Social Capital: Theory and Research. edited by Nan Lin, Karen Kook, and Ronald Burt. In. Aldine de Gruyter Pub..
    Marsden, Peter V. 1987. “Core Discussion Networks of Americans” American Sociological Review 52:122-31
    Marsden, Peter V. and Jeanne S. Hurlbert. 1988. “Social Resource and MobilitynOutcomes:A Replication and Extension.” Social Forces66:1038-59
    Moerbeek Hester, Wout Ultee, and Henk Flap. 1995. ”That"s What Friends Are For:Ascribed and Achieved Social Capital in Occupational Carrer.” Present at the The European Social Network Conference, Landon.
    Montgomery, James D.1992.”Job Search and Network Composition: Implications of the Strength-Of-Weak-Ties Hypothesis.” American Sociological Review 57: 586-96.
    Mouw, Ted. 2003. “Social Capital and Finding a Job: Do Contacts Matter?” American
    Sociological Review 68:868-98.
    Petersen, Trond and Ishak Saporta.2004.” The Opportunity Structure for
    Discrimination” The American Journal of Sociology 109: 852-901.
    Strober, MH.1984. “Sex segregation in the workplace: Trends, explanations,
    remedies” National Academy Press.
    Reskin , Barbara F. and Patricia A. Roos.1984. “Institutional Factors Contributing to Sex Segregation in the Workplace” Chapter 13 in the Sex Segregation in the Workplace: Trends, Explanations, Remedies. edited by Barbara F. Reskin. National Academy Press.
    -1990.” Job Queues, Gender Queues: Explaining Women`s Inroads Into Male
    Occupations.” Temple University Press.
    ¬¬-1993. "Sex Segregation in the Workplace." American Sociological Review19:241-70.
    Ridgeway,Cecilia L.1997. “Interaction and the conservation of gender inequality: Considering employment” American Sociological Review 62:218-35.
    Ridgeway,Cecilia L. and Shelley J. Correll. 2004. “Unpacking the Gender System: A Theoretical Perspective on Gender Beliefs and Social Relations” Gender and Society18:510-31.
    Wegener, Bernd. 1991 “Job Mobility and Social Ties: Social Resources, Prior Job, and Status Attainment.” American Sociological Review 56:60-71.
    Yakubovich, Valery. 2005. “Weak Ties, Information, and Influence: How Workers Find Jobsin a Local Russian Labor Market.” American Sociological Review 70:408-21.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    社會學研究所
    96254011
    97
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096254011
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[社會學系] 學位論文

    Files in This Item:

    File Description SizeFormat
    401101.pdf143KbAdobe PDF21037View/Open
    401102.pdf190KbAdobe PDF21337View/Open
    401103.pdf173KbAdobe PDF21110View/Open
    401104.pdf161KbAdobe PDF21003View/Open
    401105.pdf195KbAdobe PDF21350View/Open
    401106.pdf290KbAdobe PDF21725View/Open
    401107.pdf304KbAdobe PDF21655View/Open
    401108.pdf415KbAdobe PDF21059View/Open
    401109.pdf221KbAdobe PDF21085View/Open
    401110.pdf169KbAdobe PDF21134View/Open


    All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - Feedback