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    題名: 女性社會資本回收劣勢的機制：性別化社會資本與獲得職位女性比例
    作者: 蕭彩含
    Hsiao, Tsai Han
    貢獻者: 熊瑞梅
    Hsung, Ray May
    蕭彩含
    Hsiao, Tsai Han
    關鍵詞: 社會資本
    回報欠缺
    職位女性比例
    職業性別隔離
    性別不平等
    性別化
    social capital
    return deficit
    sex segregation
    gender inequality
    日期: 2008
    上傳時間: 2009-09-19 13:34:26 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 時至今日女性教育程度提高，但女性在勞動力市場獲得的職位並沒有因此提升，大部分的女性仍然傾向集中在以女性居多的劣勢職業，並且薪資明顯低於男性居多的職業。相關研究提醒我們注意接觸工作出缺訊息的管道在進入勞動力市場前就已經出現性別化的現象，男女性的社會網絡並不相同，並且不同性別的求職者傾向動員不同性別的中介人。但究竟是原因使得女性求職者持續進入待遇較差的女性主導職業？Lin(1999)認為男性之所以比女性在勞動力市場的職業獲得更具有優勢，是因為女性求職者存在資本欠缺與回報欠缺，所以只能動員到較劣勢的女性中介人、獲得較差的工作。但從資料分析顯示，女性求職者並不存在資本欠缺，女性求職者擁有的社會資本量並不比男性求職者少，真正導致女性承受回報欠缺的原因在於兩點勞動力市場對於女性的貶值與性別化社會資本的差異。由於勞動力市場對女性求職者本身的歧視，即使女性求職者動員到擁有較多資源的男性中介人也無法有效的脫離求職劣勢。其次，女性求職者透過性別化社會資本尋職而承受回報欠缺的因素在於女性化可觸及社會資本，女性化可觸及社會資本直透過接與間接的效果同時限制女性求職者獲得較好的、女性比例較低職業。但女性化可觸及社會資本對男性求職者只能產生間接影響，且男性求職者擁有的女性化可觸及社會資本比女性求職者來得少很多，女性化可觸及社會資本能發揮的效果並不多。
    總結來說，對於女性求職者而言，回報欠缺主要來自於性別化可觸及社會資本以及雇主對女性能力的貶值、統計歧視等，即使接觸到男性中介人也無助於女性跳脫求職劣勢。對於男性而言則是性別化可動員社會資本才是主要直接影響獲得職業女性比例的關鍵因素。
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    社會學研究所
    96254011
    97
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096254011
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[社會學系] 學位論文

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