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| Title: | 探究語境因素與個人語境敏銳度對於選擇華語否定詞「不」與「沒」的影響
Investigating the effects of sentential context and individual context-sensitivity in the choice between negators bu and mei in Mandarin |
| Authors: | 陳薌如
Chen, Xiang-Ru |
| Contributors: | 賴瑶鍈
Lai, Yao-Ying
陳薌如
Chen, Xiang-Ru |
| Keywords: | 華語否定詞
語句處理
語境整合
個體差異
語境敏銳度
Mandarin negators
sentence processing
contextual integration
individual differences
context sensitivity |
| Date: | 2023 |
| Issue Date: | 2024-02-01 10:53:15 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 「不」與「沒」作為最常使用的否定詞，兩否定詞的使用常因為語境的不同而產生差異，這便造成華語學習者使用兩否定詞上的困難。一般而言，「不」的語意特徵包括 [＋意願性] 和 [－有界性] ，「沒」的語意特徵為 [－意願性] 和 [＋有界性]。本研究旨在探討語境因素 [±意願性] 、 [±有界性] 和個人語境敏銳度對華語母語者使用「不」與「沒」的影響，以及處理負荷上的差異。
研究者操控 [±意願性] 和 [±有界性] 兩項自變項於目標句前的語境句，以計時問卷 (timed questionnaire) 記錄實驗參與者 (i) 目標句所選擇的否定詞 (「不」或「沒」) ，以及 (ii) 作答反應時間。另考量到每個人語境敏銳度的不同，本研究以自閉症指數量表 (Autism-spectrum Quotient, AQ) 作為語境敏銳度的指標，探討個人差異是否影響兩否定詞的選擇。
實驗結果發現，語境中的 [±有界性] 顯著影響否定詞的選擇，而 [±意願性] × [±有界性] ，以及高低AQ組 × [±意願性] 的交互作用，亦顯著影響否定詞的選擇。在處理負荷上， [±意願性] 顯著影響反應時間，且AQ組別 × [±意願性] × [±有界性] 三者呈顯著交互作用。研究結果主要發現有三： (i) 語境中的 [±有界性] 訊息對選擇「不」或「沒」的影響強度大於 [±意願性] ； (ii) 低AQ組 (語境敏銳度高) 選擇否定詞時，因較易考量語境中的主語 [±意願性] ，而較容易選擇與 [＋意願性] 語意特徵相符的「不」; (iii) 高AQ組在面對需要思考主語 [＋意願性] 時，會產生較大的處理負荷。
華語教學時，可先就兩否定詞在 [±有界性] 的語意差異進行教學，當學習者程度提高時，再帶入 [±意願性] 的解讀。由於個人對語句的解讀存在差異，教師應以更大的語境脈絡釐清學習者欲表達的內容，選出最合適的否定詞。
本研究不僅在語言層次上看到選擇「不」或「沒」時，語境中 [±有界性] 訊息的影響力大於 [±意願性] ，也從個人對 [±意願性] 敏銳度的差異中看到個人語境敏銳度對語言使用的影響，以及語句解讀中處理負荷的差異。
This study investigates the influence of contextual factors [±volition], [±boundedness] and individuals’ context-sensitivity on the choice of two negators, bu and mei, among native Mandarin speakers, as well as differences in processing load. Generally, bu matches the semantic features of [+volition] and [-boundedness], while mei is characterized by [-volition] and [+boundedness]. However, individuals may interpret sentences containing bu and mei differently.
The investigator manipulated two semantic features, [±volition] and [±boundedness], in context sentences preceding target negative sentences. Recording the participants' (i) choice of bu and mei in the target sentences and (ii) response times. Considering variations in individuals’ context-sensitivity, the investigator measured the participants’ Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) as an index and examined its effect on negator processing.
The main findings are threefold: (i) the influence of [±boundedness] in context was greater than that of [±volition] on the choice between bu and mei; (ii) lower-AQ individuals (indexing higher context sensitivity) were more inclined to consider [±volition] in context, choosing bu more often when the context signaled [+volition] of the subject referent; and (iii) higher-AQ individuals took longer when incorporating this [+volition] feature in context.
This study shows that the influence of contextual [±boundedness] information is greater than [±volition] when choosing between bu and mei for negative sentences. Additionally, results reveal the influence of individuals’ context-sensitivity to [±volition] in context when sentence processing requires contextual integration. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
華語文教學碩博士學位學程
109161003 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109161003 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [華語文教學博／碩士學位學程] 學位論文
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