Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/145819
|
| Title: | 閱聽人對影視跟騷內容浪漫化結構的詮釋與反思—以《當男人戀愛時》為例
Audiences` Interpretation and Reflection on the Romanticized Structure of Stalking and Harassment Content in Films：Using Man in Love as an Example |
| Authors: | 葉潔丹
Yeh, Jie-Dan |
| Contributors: | 劉慧雯
Liu, Hui-Wen
葉潔丹
Yeh, Jie-Dan |
| Keywords: | 閱聽人研究
浪漫愛文本
跟騷
結構化理論
性別腳本
Audience research
Romantic film
Stalking and harassment
Structuration theory
Gender scripts |
| Date: | 2023 |
| Issue Date: | 2023-07-06 16:37:13 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 對於有些人來說電影中所涉及的跟騷行為是一種「例外」，但對有些人來說卻為惡夢般的日常。浪漫愛流行文本結構中，存在許多涉及跟蹤騷擾的追求行為，而各式閱聽人對於浪漫愛文本中，涉及跟騷行為的追求方式，則呈現明顯態度和詮釋的不同。部分閱聽人傾向將現實生活與虛構文本，切割開來探討，認為如果不如此拍攝，電影劇情即可能相形失色。這種電影「好看的」結構持續影響受訪者，並將其拉回虛構的浪漫愛文本架構中；然亦有閱聽人於文本解讀上，呈現完全對立的詮釋，認為劇中不論在角色的性別刻畫，和前期涉及跟騷的追求行為，皆使她於觀影過程中感到不適。
而本研究透過深度訪談法，發現跟騷舉止在大眾文本中被合理展示的三種層次：（1）部分閱聽人將電影視為一個特殊文本，並把它囚禁在一有限的範圍內；
（2）《當男人戀愛時》的文本，透過大量刻畫男主角其良善和孝順的人格特質，進而合理化他的跟騷追求行為；
（3）《當男人戀愛時》片中將浪漫追求情節幼稚化，進一步使得閱聽人在觀影時，化為母親的角色，並暗示閱聽人必須接納該幼稚行徑。
For some people, the stalking and harassment involved in the film is an "exception," but for others it is a routine nightmare. The structure of popular romance texts includes many behaviors of pursuit that involve stalking and harassment. There are distinct differences in attitudes and interpretations of stalking and harassment from various audiences of romance texts. Some audiences tend to separate real life from fictional text, arguing that the film`s plot might be overshadowed if it were not filmed in this way. This "enjoyable" structure movies continues to influence the respondents and draw them back into the fictional textual framework of romantic love. On the other hand, some audiences present completely opposing interpretations of the text, saying that the portrayal of the characters` gender and the pursuit of sex in the early stages of the movie make them feel uncomfortable.
Through in-depth interviews, this study identified three levels of rationalization for the presentation of stalking and harassment in popular texts:
(1) some audiences saw the film as a special text and confined it to a limited scope;
(2) the text of Man in Love rationalized the stalking and harassment of the male protagonist by heavily portraying his virtuous and filial personalities;
(3) Man in Love infantilizes the romantic pursuit, making the audiences assume the role of mothers when watching the film which implies that the audiences must accept the childish behaviors. |
| Reference: | 中文部分：
李康、李猛譯（2002）。《社會的構成》。臺北市：左岸文化。（原書 Giddens, A. [1984]. The Constitution of Society. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.）
李金銓（2005）。《大眾傳播理論（修正三版）》。臺北市：三民。
宋素鳳譯（2009）。《性別麻煩：女性主義與身份的顛覆》。上海：三聯。（原書Butler, J. [1990]. Trouble dans le genre (Gender Trouble). Pour un féminisme de la subversion de l’identité.）
周素鳳譯（1995）。《親密關係的轉變：現代社會的性、愛、慾》。臺北市：巨流。（原書 Anthony Giddens [1992]. Sexuality, Love, and Eroticism in Modern Societies）
林郁庭譯（2008）。《性別惑亂：女性主義與身分顛覆》。苗栗縣：桂冠。（原書Judith Butler. [1999].Gender trouble: feminism and the subversion of identity）
林宏濤譯（2008）。《啟蒙的辯證——哲學的片簡》，臺北市：商周。（原書Adorno, T. W., & Horkheimer, M.[1997]. Dialectic of enlightenment （Vol. 15）. Verso.）
林秀雲譯（2021）。《社會科學研究方法》。台北：雙葉。（原書Babbie, E. R. [2020]. The practice of social research. Cengage learning.）
邱瑞鑾譯（2013）。《第二性》。臺北市：貓頭鷹（原書Simone de Beauvoir.[1949]. Le Deuxième Sexe）
施琮仁譯（2012）。《大眾傳播理論：基礎、發展與未來》。臺北市：新加坡商聖智學習。（原書 Baran, S., J. & Davis, D., K. [2012]. Mass Communication Theory: Foundations, Ferment, and Future, 6e. Wadsworth, OH: Cengage Learning.）
翁秀琪（2009）。《大眾傳播理論與實證》。臺北市：三民。
陳學明（1996）。《文化工業》。臺北市：揚智。
張君玫譯（2001）。《文化消費與日常生活》，臺北市：巨流。（原書Storey, J. [1999]. Cultural Consumption and Everyday Life. Arnold.）
黃鈴媚、秦琍琍、蕭宏祺、陳憶寧、黃葳威、方孝謙、王嵩音 （2016）。《傳播理論》。臺北市：揚智。
潘淑滿（2003）。《質性研究-理論與運用》。臺北市：心理。
臧國仁（1999）。《新聞媒體與消息來源─媒介框架與真實建構之論述》。臺北市：三民。
王右君（2009）。《重訪網路上的身份展演：以同志論壇MOTSS為分析對象》，《新聞學研究》，99：47-77。doi：10.30386/MCR.200904_(99).0002
白瑞聰、晏涵文（1993）。〈大學生約會行為之調查研究〉，《公共衛生》，20（2）：172-186。取自https://tpl.ncl.edu.tw/NclService/JournalContentDetail?SysId=A93016810
李素月、陳延昇（2015）。〈偶像劇中愛情與性別角色的再現與迷思：以臺灣偶像劇的男女主角互動為例〉，《中華傳播學刊》，28，157-196。doi:10.6195/cjcr.2015.28.05
李佩雯（2019）。〈大學生，性別平等了沒？：異性戀大學生愛情腳本之初探研究〉，《中華傳播學刊》 ， 35：89-123。 doi：10.3966/172635812019060035003
林淑芬（2014）。〈阿圖塞的社會形構分析：多重決定、意識形態召喚與階級鬥爭〉，《政治與社會哲學評論》，48：1-59。doi:10.6523/168451532014030048001
卓紋君（2004）。〈臺灣人愛情風格之分析研究〉，《中華輔導學報》，16 ：71 – 117。doi：10.7082/CARGC.200409.0071
李秀美譯（1994），Livingstone, S. M. 著（1990）。
〈Making Sense of Television: The Psychology of Audience Interpretation〉
《新聞學研究》，48：293-295。 取自https://mcr.nccu.edu.tw/web/backissues/backissues_in.jsp?pp_no=559
陳榮英、楊幸真（2010）。〈高職女生閱讀羅曼史之性別學習經驗探究〉，《中等教育季刊》， 61：96-113。doi:10.6249/SE
陳國明（2014）。〈媒介效果下的受眾/閱聽人蟬變〉，《傳播與社會學刊》，27：5–8。doi： 10.30180/CS.201401_（27）.0001
陳敦源、簡鈺珒、李仲彬、張鎧如、陳玉豐、林錦鈺（2022）。〈性別對公務人員陞遷發展之影響：一項運用人事資料庫的縱貫性研究〉，《文官制度》，14（1）：65-108。
許美華（2004）。〈從「結構行動理論」看教學中師生的能動性〉，《國民教育研究集刊》，12：91 – 103。取自http://lawdata.com.tw/tw/detail.aspx?no=50432
游美惠、蕭昭君（2018）。〈當代大學生的浪漫愛想像與經驗:兼論情感教育的開展方向〉，《性別平等教育季刊》，82：35-48。doi:10.6486/GEEQ
游美惠（2012）。〈超越「追」與「被追」——尋找性別教育的著力點〉，
《性別平等教育季刊》，58：128-131。
黃翠紋（2020）。〈跟蹤騷擾防制法之評析與展望〉，《刑事政策與犯罪研究論文集》，22，255-291。取自https://www.cprc.moj.gov.tw/media/11717/刑事政策與犯罪研究論文集-22-10-黃翠紋-跟蹤騷擾防制法之評析與展望.pdf?mediaDL=true
楊幸真（2007）。〈校園生活中的身體經驗與性別實作：一個民族誌的探究〉，《女學學誌》，24：101-131。 doi：10.6255/JWGS.2007.24.103
詹景陽、陳淳斌（2004）。〈安東尼•紀登士“結構一行動理論”之研究：兼論全球化與第三條路的關係〉，《嘉義大學通識學報》，2：181-200。取自http://lawdata.com.tw/tw/detail.aspx?no=43114
蔡進雄（2018）。〈從Giddens的結構化理論看教育現場的變革動能：「命
「運」的交織〉，《教師專業研究期刊》，15：1-19。取自http://lawdata.com.tw/tw/journal.aspx?no=638&pno=58676
盧乃桂（2007）。〈能動者的思索—學校改進協作模式的再造與更新〉，（優質學校改進計劃）。香港：香港中文大學香港教育研究所。取自: https://www.fed.cuhk.edu.hk/~cthk/paper/201.pdf
謝世宗（2015）。〈愛情、性與婚姻的政治經濟學－再論楊青矗的小說〉，
《台灣文學研究》，9：283+285-319。
李欣穎（2006）。《從浪漫韓劇中，傾聽青少年的愛情態度：以八位青少年為例》。銘傳大學教育研究所碩士論文。
吳怡慧（2011）。《陽剛少女國中校園性別操演的敘事探究》。臺灣師範大學公民教育與活動領導學系博士論文。
吳聖琪（2016）。《臺灣跟蹤騷擾防治法制之實證研究》。國立中正大學犯罪防治
研究所博士論文。
林佳樺（2003）。《性與真實：本土言情小說讀者之閱讀論述》。世新大學傳播研究所碩士論文。
林詩宜（2006）。《台韓婆媳劇婆媳形象再現的比較研究》。國立中正大學電訊傳播研究所碩士論文。
林惠英（2020）。《愛情流行歌MV性別角色之影像研究》。國立高雄師範大學表演藝術碩士學位學程碩士論文。
高子淵（2018）。《被害人意願在性犯罪中之理論與實務》。國立高雄大學財經法律學系碩士班碩士論文。
陳淑姻（2002）。《國中女學生閱讀羅曼史小說之認知真實與其兩性態度之研究》。國立屏東師範學院國民教育研究所碩士論文。
陳姿伶（2008）。《台灣年輕男性韓劇閱聽人的收視經驗》。國立台灣師範大學大眾傳播研究所碩士論文。
陳彥任（2019）。《從電影敘事中看見父權「再現」: 以日本電影【今天的吉良同學】為例》。世新大學口語傳播學研究所碩士論文。
曾聖惠（2022）。《參政之後：臺灣女性政治工作者的性騷擾受害經歷》。國立台灣大學政治學研究所碩士論文。
溫子欣（2003）。《青少女學生閱讀愛情小說之研究：以兩班高職女學生讀者為例》。國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。
蔡宜文（2013）。《台灣異性戀男女青春羅曼史的性別分析》。國立清華大學社會學研究所碩士論文。
劉勇志（2005）。《資訊系統實施的社會面分析—使用結構化理論與對立邏輯的整合性觀點》。國立中山大學資訊管理研究所博士論文。
賴光祺（2007）。《高度現代性之下的主體構成——紀登斯（Anthony Giddens）思想在教育上的推演》。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文。
賴育貞（2016）。《女性軍職人員遭遇性騷擾之經驗》。國立中正大學犯罪防治碩士在職專班碩士論文。
闕奕婷（2008）。《華文社群「韓劇迷」解讀形態之研究－以《我叫金三順》一劇為例》。元智大學資訊傳播研究所碩士論文。
網路部分：
〈第60屆聯合國非政府組織婦女地位委員會 （NGO-CSW）暨平行論壇（2016年3月14日）。取自現代婦女基金會網站。網址https://www.38.org.tw/news_detail.asp?mem_auto=185&p_kind=現代消息&p_kind2=媒體報導&p_kind3=無
〈2018影視廣播產業趨勢研究調查報告─電影產業〉（2020年1月13日）。取自文化部影視及流行音樂產業局網站。網址https://www.bamid.gov.tw/information_243_107704.html
〈蘋果日報_跟蹤騷擾猶如惡靈纏身 1/8年輕女性遇困擾〉（2017年8月30日）。取自現代婦女基金會網站。網址https://www.38.org.tw/news_detail.asp?mem_auto=269&p_kind=現代消息&p_kind2=媒體報導&p_kind3=無
〈跟蹤騷擾行為犯罪化及法制化之研析〉（2020年7月27日）。取自立法院網站。網址 https://www.ly.gov.tw/Pages/Detail.aspx?nodeid=6590&pid=197542
〈被《當男人戀愛時》形塑的「台式浪漫」：都2021年了，跟蹤、堵人真的不浪漫！〉。（2021年4月15日）。取自關鍵評論網網站。網址https://www.thenewslens.com/article/149721
批踢踢實業坊：
Movie板 （2021年12月12日）。〈近年台灣賣座愛情電影的主角都是噁男？〉。取自https://disp.cc/b/Movie/epNN
Gossiping板（2021年5月27日）〈跟騷法6/1上路 內政部：觸法最重關5年〉。取自https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Gossiping/M.1653590393.A.D19.html
臉書：
愛心理–探索心理認識自己的最佳平台（2021年11月7日）。〈是浪漫還是糾纏？《當男人戀愛時》三種把妹地雷〉。取自https://m.facebook.com/iGoddness/posts/2389908341140093
外文部分：
Akbar, M. R.(2022). Yowis Ben’s Agency Changing Structure of Hegemonic Language in Indonesia Cinemas Becomes a Critique of Jakarta’s Culture Industry. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 20(1), 33-46.
Ang, I. (1985). Watching Dallas: soap opera and the melodramatic imagination, trans. Della Couling (New York: Methuen, 1985), 11.
Aa, S. V. D., & Romkens, R.(2013). The State of the Art in Stalking Legislation- Reflections on European Developments. Eur. Crim. L. Rev., 3, 232. Retrieved from https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/euclr3&div=16&g_sent=1&casa_token=&collection=journals
Barberá, P., & Zeitzoff, T.(2018). The new public address system: Why do world leaders. adopt social media?. International Studies Quarterly, 62(1), 121-130.
Busco, C.(2009). Giddens’ structuration theory and its implications for. management. accounting research. Journal of Management & Governance, 13(3), 249-260.
Cui, Shuqin. “Stanley Kwan’s Center Stage: The (Im)possible Engagement between. Feminism and Postmodernism.” Cinema Journal 39.4 (2000): 60-80.
Cupach, W. R., & Spitzberg, B. H. (2000). Obsessive relational intrusion: Incidence, perceived severity, and coping. Violence and Victims, 15, 357-372.
Cohen, Bernard.(1963). The press and foreign policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton. University Press.
Chen, K., Lee, N., & Marble, W.(2019). How policymakers evaluate online. versus offline. constituent messages.
Collins, V. E., & Carmody, D. C. (2011). Deadly love: Images of dating violence in the “Twilight Saga.”. Journal of Women and Social Work, 26, 382–394.
Cohen, B. C. (2015). Press and foreign policy (Vol. 2321). Princeton university press.
Craib, I. (1992) Anthony Giddens. London: Routledge.
De Becker, G.(1997).The gift of fear: survival signals that protect us from violence. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Duehr, E. E., & Bono, J. E. (2006). Men, women, and managers: are stereotypes. finally changing?. Personnel psychology, 59(4), 815-846.
De Fazio, L., Merafina, R., & Sgarbi, C. (2009). Stalking e mass media. Rassegna Italiana di Criminologia, (3), 433-450.
Danner, H., Hagerer, G., Pan, Y., & Groh, G.(2022). The news media and its. audience: Agenda setting on organic food in the United States and Germany. Journal of Cleaner Production, 354, 131503.
Elliott, G., & Althusser, L. (1990). Philosophy and the spontaneous philosophy of the. scientists & other essays. (No Title). London: Verso.
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Signorielli, N., Morgan, M., & Jackson-Beeck, M.(1979). The. demonstration of power: Violence profile no. 10. Journal of communication, 29(3), 177-196.
Ferris, A. L., Smith, S. W., Greenberg, B. S., & Smith, S. L.(2007). The content. of reality dating shows and viewer perceptions of dating. Journal of Communication, 57(3), 490-510.
Feezell, J. T.(2018). Agenda setting through social media: The importance of incidental news exposure and social filtering in the digital era. Political Research Quarterly, 71(2), 482-494.
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorielli, N.(1981). A curious journey into the scary. world of Paul Hirsch. Communication Research, 8(1), 39-72.
Gerbner, G., & Gross, L.(1976). The scary world of TV’s heavy viewer. Psychology. today, 9(11), 41-45.
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., Signorielli, N., & Shanahan, J.(2002). Growing up with television: The cultivation. perspective. In J. Bryant & D. Zillmann(Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory andresearch(pp. 43-68). Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.
Gerhards, J., and Rucht, D.(1992)Mesomobilization: Organizing and framing in two protest campaigns in West Germany.American Journal of Sociology 98, 555-595.
Güneş, H. S.(2016). Audience reception of teen TV dramas: experience of romance and pleasure (Doctoral dissertation, Bilkent Universitesi(Turkey)).
Hawkins, R. P., & Pingree, S.(1982). Television’s influence on social reality. Television and. behavior: Ten years of scientific progress and implications for the eighties, 2, 224-247.
Hall, S. (1980). Encoding / decoding. In S. Hall et al. (Eds), Culture, Media, Language (pp.128-129). London: Hutchinson.
Hall, D. M. (1998). The victims of stalking. In The psychology of stalking (pp. 113-137). Academic Press.
Holbrook, R. A., & Hill, T. G.(2005). Agenda-setting and priming in prime time television: Crime dramas as political cues. Political Communication, 22(3), 277-295.
Holland, D. C., Eisenhart, M. A., & Eisenhart, M. A.(1990). Educated in. romance: women, achievement, and college culture. University of Chicago Press.
Horkheimer, M., & Adorno, T. W.(2017). The culture industry: Enlightenment as. mass deception. In Karl Marx (pp. 405-424). Routledge.
Hefner, V., & Wilson, B. J.(2013). From love at first sight to soul mate: The influence of romantic ideals in popular films on young people`s beliefs about relationships. Communication Monographs, 80(2), 150-175.
Hefner, V.(2011). From love at first sight to soul mate: Romantic ideals in popular。films and their association with young people`s beliefs about relationships. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Hill, A., & Gauntlett, D. (1999). TV Living. Routledge.
Jungherr, A.(2016). Twitter use in election campaigns: A systematic literature
review. Journal. of information technology & politics, 13(1), 72-91.
Johnson, K. R., & Holmes, B. M. (2009). Contradictory messages: A content analysis of Hollywood-produced romantic comedy feature films. Communication Quarterly, 57(3), 352-373.
Kilgo, D. K., Lough, K., & Riedl, M. J.(2020). Emotional appeals and news values as factors. of shareworthiness in Ice Bucket Challenge coverage. Digital Journalism, 8 (2), 267-286.
Kosicki, G. M.(2002). The media priming effect: News media and considerations
affecting political judgments. The persuasion handbook: Developments in theory and practice, 63-81. Retrieved from https://omnilogos.com/media-priming-effect-news-media-and-considerations-affecting-political-judgments/
Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J.(2012). Gender and stalking: Current intersections and future directions. Sex roles,66(5), 418-426. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11199-011-0093-3
Li, H. (2012). Disappearing Politics and the Politics of Disappearance: Female. Subjectivity, Left-Wing Films, and the Representation of 1930s Shanghai in Center Stage. Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies, 38(1), 197-221.
Lippman, J. R.(2018). I did it because I never stopped loving you: The effects of media portrayals of persistent pursuit on beliefs about stalking. Communication Research,45(3), 394-421. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650215570653
Lippman, J. R., Ward, L. M., & Seabrook, R. C.(2014). Isn’t it romantic? Differential. associations between romantic screen media genres and romantic beliefs. Psychology of popular media culture, 3(3), 128.
Limanta, L. S.(2015). The Dynamic Interplay Between Agent and Structure in the Film The Shawshank Redemption. kata, 17(2), 79-86.
Laleh, N.(2022). Comparative Analysis Between the Cinema of Yılmaz Güney and. Dariush Mehrjui A Contextual Analysis of two Films: Hope and The Cow. SineFilozofi, 7(Sp. Iss.), 211-223.
Lamsal, M.(2012). The structuration approach of Anthony Giddens. Himalayan Journal of. Sociology and Anthropology, 5, 111-122.
MacCormak, Z., & Strathern, D.(1980). Nature, culture and gender. Cambridge, CUP.
Maas, M. K., & Bonomi, A. E. (2021). Love hurts?: Identifying abuse in the virgin-beast trope of popular romantic fiction. Journal of family violence, 36, 511-522.
Moore, M. M., & Ophir, Y.(2021). Big data, actually: Examining systematic messaging in 188 romantic comedies using unsupervised machine learning. Psychology of Popular Media.
Mosharafa, E. (2015). All you need to know about: The cultivation theory. Global Journal of Human-Social Science: Arts & Humanities – Psychology, 15(8) ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X.
Montemurro, B.(2003). Not a laughing matter: Sexual harassment as “material”. on workplace-based situation comedies. Sex roles, 48(9), 433-445.
Meloy, J.R.(1998). The psychology of stalking. In The psychology of stalking: Clinical and Forensic Perspectives. San Diego: Academic Press.
Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012490560-3/50020-7
McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L.(1972). The agenda-setting function of mass. media. Public. opinion quarterly, 36(2), 176-187.
Mihail, D. (2006). Gender-based stereotypes in the workplace: The case of Greece. Equal Opportunities International, 25(5), 373-388.
Morley, D.(1989). Changing paradigms in audience studies. In Remote control: Television, audiences, and cultural power, 16-43.
Patterson, G. E., Ward, D. B., & Brown, T. B.(2013). Relationship scripts: How. young women develop and maintain same-sex romantic relationships. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 9(2), 179-201.
Rivadeneyra, R., & Lebo, M. J.(2008). The association between television-viewing behaviors and adolescent dating role attitudes and behaviors. Journal of adolescence, 31(3), 291-305.
Shapiro, M. A., & Hemphill, L.(2017). Politicians and the policy agenda: Does use of Twitter. by the US Congress direct New York Times content?. Policy & internet, 9(1), 109-132.
Spitzberg, B. H., & Cadiz, M.(2002). The media construction of stalking. stereotypes. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture, 9(3), 128-149. Retrieved from https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.587.4143&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Spitzberg, B. H., PhD., Cupach, W. R., PhD., & Ciceraro, L. D. L., M.A.(2010). Sex differences in stalking and obsessive relational intrusion: Two meta-analyses. Partner Abuse, 1(3), 259-285. doi:https://doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.1.3.259
Simon, W., & Gagnon, J. H.(1984). Sexual scripts. Culture, society and sexuality, 31-40.
Sheridan, L., Gillett, R., & Davies, G.(2000).‘Stalking’–Seeking the victim`s. perspective.Psychology, Crime and Law,6(4), 267-280. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10683160008409807
Sheridan, L., Gillett, R., Davies, G., Blaauw, E., & Patel, D. (2003). ‘There’s no. smoke without fire’: Are male ex-partners perceived as more entitled to stalk than acquaintance or stranger stalkers? British Journal of Psychology, 94, 87-98.
Skoler, G.(1998). The archetypes and psychodynamics of stalking. In The psychology. of stalking (pp. 85-112). Academic Press. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012490560-3/50024-4
Schultz, A. S., Moore, J., & Spitzberg, B. H.(2014). Once upon a midnight stalker: A content analysis of stalking in films. Western Journal of Communication, 78(5), 612-635.
Spitzberg, B. H., & Cupach, W. R. (2007). The state of the art of stalking: Taking stock of the emerging literature. Aggression and violent Behavior, 12(1), 64-86.
Schwandt, D. R., and D. B. Szabla. (2013). Structuration theories and complex. adaptive.social systems: inroads to describing human interaction dynamics. Emergence: Complexity and Organization, 15(4), 1-20.
Sigal, J., Braden-Maguire, J., Patt, I., Goodrich, C., & Perrino, C. S. (2003). Effects of type of coping response, setting, and social context on reactions to sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 48, 157-166.
Tankard, J. W., Hendrickson, L., Silverman, J., Bliss, K., & Ghanem, S.(1991). Media frames: Approaches to conceptualization and measurement. Paper presented at the meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Communication Theory and Methodology Division, Boston.
Teresi, H., & Michelson, M. R.(2015). Wired to mobilize: The effect of social networking. messages on voter turnout. The Social Science Journal, 52(2), 195-204.
Van Gelder, S.(2011). How occupy wall street changes everything. This Changes Everything: Occupy Wall Street and the 99% Movement, 1-12.
Vogels, C. (2017). Is Edward Cullen a “good” boyfriend: Young men talk about twilight, masculinity and the rules of (hetero)romance. Journal of Popular Romance Studies, 6, 1-20.
West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H.(1987). Doing gender. Gender & society, 1(2), 125-151.
Wood, E., Senn, C. Y., Desmarais, S., Park, L., & Verberg, N.(2002). Sources of
information about dating and their perceived influence on adolescents. Journal of adolescent research, 17(4), 401-417.
Wicks, Paul.(2014). “The ALS Ice Bucket Challenge—Can a Splash of Water. Reinvigorate a Field?” Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration 15(7-8): 479-480. doi:https://doi.org/10.3109/21678421.2014.984725.
Wigman, S. A. (2009). Male victims of former-intimate stalking: A selected review. International Journal of Men`s Health, 8(2).
Walsham, G.(2002). Cross-cultural software production and use: a structurational. analysis. MIS quarterly, 359-380.
Wahid, U., & Agustina, S.（2021）. Strukturasi proses produksi film horor Pengabdi Setan: Perspektif ekonomi politik. ProTVF, 5（1）, 80-100.
Zona, M. A., Palarea, R. E., & Lane Jr, J. C. (1998). Psychiatric diagnosis and the offender-victim typology of stalking. In The psychology of stalking (pp. 69-84). Academic Press. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012490560-3/50023-2
Zurbriggen, E. L., & Morgan, E. M.(2006). Who wants to marry a millionaire? Reality dating. television programs, attitudes toward sex, and sexual behaviors. Sex Roles, 54(1), 1-17.
Zlatunich, N. (2009). Prom dreams and prom reality: Girls negotiating “perfection” at the high school prom. Sociological Inquiry, 79(3), 351-375.
網路部分：
Levin, Josh.(2014, August 22). “Who Invented the Ice Bucket.Challenge?” Slate. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/technology/2014/08/who_invented_the_ice_bucket_challenge_a_slate_investigation.html
Stevens, Matt.(2014, August 20). “Ice Bucket Challenge Stirs Controversy in Drought-Plagued California.” Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-ice-bucket-challenge-water-drought-20140819-story.html |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程
110464012 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110464012 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [傳播學院傳播碩士學位學程] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 401201.pdf | 1773Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 0 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
