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| Title: | 巴利文獻中五逆罪研究——以提婆達多與阿闍世為探討中心
A Study of Ānantarika Kamma as found in The Pāli Canon : Focusing on Devadatta and Ajātasattu |
| Authors: | 陳香
Pichai, Kantiya |
| Contributors: | 黃柏棋
Huang, Po-chi
陳香
Kantiya Pichai |
| Keywords: | 五逆罪
提婆達多
阿闍世王
《沙門果經》
懺悔
Repentance
Ānantarika Kamma
King Ajātasattu
Devadatta
Samaññaphala Sutta |
| Date: | 2023 |
| Issue Date: | 2023-05-02 15:33:51 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 摘要
南傳上座部佛教中「業」的概念很重要，無論是誰，都要負責自己的行為。早期佛教對於「業」的概念有分不同的討論面向，其中重點為不能透過善業來抵銷惡業。因此本文章藉由研究「犯下五逆罪」的案例，來說明業在南傳上座部佛教中的重要性。
本文章探討《巴利三藏》中阿闍世王以(King Ajātasattu)及提婆達多(Bhikkhu Devadatta)的關係，此二人常常在經典當中被提到來佐證五逆罪及報應的關係。由於二人的身分是貴族，但依然獲得報應、下地獄，可以有效傳遞「業無法相互抵銷」的概念。兩人透過互相影響罪行：提婆達多影響阿闍世王殺父親，阿闍世王支持提婆達多計畫傷害佛陀，逐漸擴大罪惡，最終犯下五逆罪，筆者預計從此案例，討論五逆罪、以及觸犯五逆罪所得到的報應。除此之外，本研究也預計探討懺悔與五逆罪之間的關係，早期佛教在《巴利三藏》有記載佛陀向比丘們說法，提及犯五逆罪的案例。在經典裡面有記載犯五逆罪(Ānantarika Kamma)一定會到墮落到地獄 ，並必入地獄的最深處(無間地獄Avīci Naraka)，但是筆者想討論透過懺悔的功能，他們的報應是否會減輕、減輕到什麼程度。
本研究首先將討論「罪」的在佛教中的本質定義，與覺察罪的意識，亦即對正念正見的分析，主要考察南傳上座部佛教對五逆罪的定義、五逆罪的起源、五逆罪應有的報應；再者，討論如何透過懺悔消除罪業；最後，綜合討論懺悔、罪與業報三者之間的關係。本研究將採取透過文獻分析法，查閱並比較不同歷史文獻和佛學經典，回顧文獻中五逆罪的起源、定義，以及犯下五逆罪後的果報。本論文探討早期佛教對五逆罪的看法、社會環境的影響，分析歷史文獻和《巴利三藏》經典中，阿闍世王以及提婆達多案例的特殊意義。他們懺悔與果報之間的關係。藉由討論五逆罪與懺悔，分析業、作用二者的關聯，梳理南傳佛教宗教倫理的脈絡。
Abstract
The concept of "karma" in Theravada Buddhism is very important. No matter who you are, you should be responsible for your own actions. Early Buddhism discusses the concept of "karma" in different aspects, and the key point is : the bad karma cannot be alleviated by good karma. Therefore, this thesis explores the importance of karma in Theravada Buddhism by studying the Ānantarika Kamma (a heinous sin).
This thesis discusses the stories of King Ajātasattu and Bhikkhu Devadatta in the Pali Canon. These two persons are often mentioned in the scriptures to show the close relationship between the Ānantarika Kamma and retribution. Though King Ajātasattu and Bhikkhu Devadatta are nobles, they still get retribution and go to hell because of their dreadful deeds. This effectively conveys the concept of "you reap what you sow". However, the two committed crimes through mutual influence: King Ajātasattu was incited by Devadatta to kill his father and King Ajātasattu supported Devadatta`s plan to harm the Buddha. They gradually expanded their crime, and finally committed the Ānantarika Kamma. The author discusses the Ānantarika Kamma from these two cases, and the retribution for committing the Ānantarika Kamma. In addition, this research also explores the relationship between repentance and the Ānantarika Kamma.
In the Pali Tripitaka, there are records that the Buddha preached monks about the consequences of committing the Ānantarika Kamma. It is said in the scriptures that when one commits the Ānantarika Kamma, he/she will definitely fall to hell and enter the deepest part of the hell (Avīci Naraka), The author wants to discuss whether their retribution will be alleviated through repentance.
This study will also discuss the nature of sin(pāpaka) and the awareness of sin, examine the Theravada Buddhist definition of the Ānantarika Kamma, the origin of the Ānantarika Kamma, and the retribution of the Ānantarika Kamma. Also, I will discuss how to alleviate sins through repentance. Finally, I will comprehensively compare the relationship among repentence, karma and retribution. This study will adapt the method of philological analysis, compare different Buddhist classics, review the origin, definition, and retribution of the Ānantarika Kamma in the literature. It also reviews ideas of the Ānantarika Kamma in early Buddhism, the influence of the social environment on the Ānantarika Kamma , and the special significance of King Ajātasattu and Bhikkhu Devadatta. The relationship between their repentance and retribution is discussed by analysing the stories in the Pali Canon. By exploring the Ānantarika Kamma and repentance, explaning the relationship between karma and retribution, the implications of Theravada Buddhist religious ethics can be sorted out. |
| Reference: | 參考文獻
一、巴利文獻
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二、研究參考文獻
(一) 泰文作者
Jinadattiyo, Phramaha Kraivan. 2003“An Analytical Study of the Roles of Devadatta Bhikkhu as Found in the Buddhist Texts”.Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University.
Lengsakda, Mr.Taywin. 2018 “An Anlytical Study of Kamma in Buddhist Scriptures” Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University.
Methmanus, Dr. Anunya. 2015. The Law of Kamma. Pathum Thani : Dhammakaya Foundation.
Na-Rangsi, Sunthorn. (1978). The Buddhist Concepts Of Karma And Rebirth. Chulalongkorn University.
Naokaeo, Phrasamu Sampan Suchiro. 2019 “An Analysis of People’s Misconduct and Repentance in The Buddha’s Time.” .Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University.
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(二) 中文著作
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Vati, Kula. 2017 “An Analytical Stydy of Action (Kamma) in Theravada Buddhism”. Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
宗教研究所
108156011 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108156011 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [宗教研究所] 學位論文
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