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    题名: 從國際關係理論及歐盟法規範探討歐盟綠色政綱之發展與實踐
    A Study on the Development and Practice of the EU Green Deal from International Relations Theories and EU Law
    作者: 劉蕙綺
    Liu, Hui-Chi
    贡献者: 許耀明
    Hsu, Yao-Ming
    劉蕙綺
    Liu, Hui-Chi
    关键词: 歐盟綠色政綱
    國際關係理論
    國際關係理論與國際法
    歐盟法
    氣候變遷
    歐盟氣候變遷政策
    The EU Green Deal
    International Relations Theory
    International Relations Theory and International Law
    EU Law
    Climate Change
    EU Climate Change Policy
    日期: 2022
    上传时间: 2022-09-02 15:12:20 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 　　本文旨在透過國際關係理論與歐盟法規範，分析歐盟及其成員國在氣候變遷議題上之合作原因，並進一步探討歐盟綠色政綱之發展與未來可能遭遇之挑戰。
    　　為了減緩全球暖化，各國展開氣候合作，共同在國際上透過簽訂國際氣候協定分擔溫室氣體減排義務。在簽訂《京都議定書》以後，歐盟為了實現其溫室氣體減排承諾，開始在歐盟內部施行一系列氣候政策。
    　　從國際關係理論分析歐盟氣候政策形成原因，現實主義觀點認為對歐盟之利益可能在於欲透過氣候議題對內凝聚歐盟成員國與人民之共識、進一步加強歐盟之一體性，對外重建歐盟在國際社會之領導地位。對成員國之利益則在於國家安全和經濟利益之考量。自由主義則認為除此之外，歐盟所建立之國際制度也是成員國願意與其他成員國合作之重要原因。建構主義則認為是由於歐盟社會有著應減緩氣候變遷之規範和認同。
    　　歐盟法規範因其具有直接適用性和優先效力，對於成員國之拘束力高於一般國際協定。歐盟在《歐洲聯盟運作條約》(Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union)條文文字中納入氣候變遷，又將歐盟綠色政綱之氣候目標立法，欲透過歐盟法規範中對成員國具有拘束力之法律類型要求成員國在實現目標上共同努力。
    　　然而想要順利達成歐盟綠色政綱之目標，對歐盟來說仍有幾個需克服的困難。首先，成員國在國情和環境等各方面之差異將考驗歐盟在協調溝通及督促成員國落實歐盟政策之能力。其次，雖然歐盟法對於成員國具有法律上之拘束力，但過往仍多有成員國未遵守歐盟規範之情形發生，如何使成員國合規也將是挑戰。最後，世界情勢隨時可能發生劇變，歐盟需保有隨時因應突發狀況之靈活性。
    This thesis aims to analyze the reasons for the cooperation between the EU and its member states on the issue of climate change through international relations theories and EU law, and to explore the development and the challenges of the EU Green Deal.
    In order to combat climate change, countries promoted international climate cooperation and shared obligations of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. After the Kyoto Protocol has adopted, the EU implemented a series of climate policies to meet its commitment.
    This thesis tries to analyze the establishment of EU climate policies through international relations theories. For realism, interest is the key point. Climate issue helps the EU promoting European identity and European integration. Furthermore, it helps the EU rebuilding its leadership in the international community. As for the member states, they are concerned about their national security and economic interests. For liberalism, the international regime created by the EU is also an important reason why the member states are willing to cooperate with others. For constructivism, the norms and the identity of EU society are the reason why the EU and the member states make efforts to slow down climate change.
    The principle of direct applicability and the supremacy makes EU law be further binding than general international agreements. To require the member states of achieving the goal of EU Green Deal, the EU writes into law the combat with climate change and the goal set out in the European Green Deal.
    However, to achieve the target of the European Green Deal, there are still several difficulties for the EU to overcome. First, the differences between the member states in terms of national conditions and environment will test the EU`s ability to coordinate, communicate and urge member states to implement EU policies. Moreover, although EU law is legally binding on member states, there are still many cases where member states have not abided by EU norms. How to make member states comply will also be a challenge. Finally, the world situation may change drastically at any time, and the EU needs to maintain the flexibility to respond to emergencies.
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    (八) 網際網路資料
    Angela Dewan & Amy Cassidy, COP26 ended with the Glasgow Climate Pact. Here`s where it succeeded and failed, CNN, https://edition.cnn.com/2021/11/14/world/cop26-glasgow-climate-pact-intl-cmd/index.html (last visited Apr. 5, 2022).
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    Mindy Weisberger, In global climate strike, youth demand action worldwide, Live Science, https://www.livescience.com/global-climate-strike-youth (last visited Jun. 15, 2022).
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    World Health Organization, Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the virus that causes it, https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it (last visited May 25, 2022)
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    法學院碩士在職專班
    108961017
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108961017
    数据类型: thesis
    DOI: 10.6814/NCCU202201420
    显示于类别:[法學院碩士在職專班] 學位論文

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