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| Title: | 日本製造業對東協投資之研究-2010年至2019年
On Japanese Manufacturing Firms Investment in ASEAN During 2010-2019 |
| Authors: | 林煇雄
Lin, Huei-Hsiung |
| Contributors: | 于卓民
Yu, Chwo-Ming
林煇雄
Lin, Huei-Hsiung |
| Keywords: | 日本製造業
東協
對外直接投資
Japanese Manufacturing Firms
ASEAN
FDI |
| Date: | 2022 |
| Issue Date: | 2022-07-01 16:14:46 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 伴隨全球區域經濟整合的推動，促使跨越國界的經貿活動日漸頻繁。借鑒於中國的經濟改革發展，近十多年來在東協各國領袖的共識下，東協共同體得以逐步的推展。另一方面，長期的經濟成長疲軟，人口結構的老化，勞動力短缺衝擊著日本企業的經營，再加上東日本大地震的發生，更是雪上加霜。日本政府為了提高產業國際競爭力並促進經濟的增長，有別於過往保守的對外經貿策略，積極的鼓勵企業參與對國外的直接投資。
探討日本製造業對東協的投資，累計至2019年底日本製造業對東協的直接投資存量超過13兆日元，是同一時期對全球製造業直接投資存量的6分之一，同時也是對中國直接投資存量的1.43倍。對於日本刻意強化對東協的經貿合作，依研究發現歸納以下兩個主要原因，首先來自中國的包括勞動成本的高漲、智慧財產權保護的被漠視、指標性企業不公平補貼以及中國的反日情緒與摩擦等。其次是來自東協的吸引力，包括充沛且相對低廉的勞動力、優惠的外資投資環境、持續擴大的自由經濟貿易區域，更重要的是隨著東協基礎設施的逐漸完備，經濟的持續成長可以被期待，隨著個人消費能力的增加，龐大的內需市場也已經漸漸的形成。
在日本製造業對東協的直接投資方面，各國的經濟發展狀況與投資的先後有著明顯的關聯。以泰國為例，由於兩國政府之間關係密切，日本企業早在90年代之前就展開對泰國的直接投資，促使泰國的基礎設施相對完備，加上產業群聚效應的帶動，分別在運輸機械、電機電子等前幾項重要項目上取得較高的投資比重與發展。近幾年，隨著區域內的經濟成長，投資環境產生明顯的變化，區域內資源的競爭也越加激烈，單純的勞力密集型產業應該倍感成本的壓力。在今後的發展中，無論是投資方的跨國企業或是接受投資的地主國，如何更加嚴謹的進行評估與對待，相信是雙方必須持續進行探討的課題。
With the progression of global regional economic integration, cross-border economic and trade activities are getting more and more frequently. Learning from China`s economic reform and development, as well as the consensus of leaders of ASEAN countries for the past 10 years, the ASEAN Community is able to progress gradually. In contrast, due to long-term weak economic growth and an aging population, the labor shortage has impacted the operations of Japanese companies, coupled with the occurrence of the Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami, it is even worse. To enhance international competitiveness of industry and promote economic growth, different from the conservative foreign economic and trade strategies in the past, Japanese government actively encourages enterprises to participate in foreign direct investment.
Speaking of the investment of Japanese manufacturing in ASEAN. By the end of 2019, the stock of direct investment by Japanese manufacturing in ASEAN exceeded 13 trillion yen, which is one-sixth of the stock of direct investment in global manufacturing during the same period. It is also 1.43 times the stock of direct investment by in Chian. Regarding Japan`s deliberate strengthening of economic and trade cooperation with ASEAN, the following two main reasons are summarized according to the research findings: The first reason is from China, including soaring labor costs, neglecting intellectual property protection, unfair subsidies to local companies, and anti-Japanese sentiment and friction in China. The second reason is the attractiveness from ASEAN, including abundant and relatively cheap labor, favorable foreign investment environment, continuously expanding free economic and trade areas, and more importantly, with the completion of ASEAN infrastructure, sustained economic growth can be expected It is also expected that with the increase of people’s consumption ability, a huge domestic demand market has formed gradually.
In terms of direct investment by Japanese manufacturing in ASEAN, the state of economic development is directly related to the sequence of investment. Taking Thailand as an example, due to the close relationship between the two countries, Japanese companies had already made direct investments before the 90`s, promote the relatively complete infrastructure in Thailand, coupled with the drive of industrial agglomeration effect, respectively in the first few important projects such as transportation machinery, electrical machinery, and electronics to acquisition a higher proportion of investment and development. In recent years, with the economic growth in the region, the investment environment has undergone significant changes, and the competition for resources in the region has become more and more fierce. The purely labor-intensive industries should feel the pressure of cost. In the future development, whether it is for multinational enterprises, as investors, or host countries, as receivers of foreign investment, how to evaluate and treat it more rigorously is a topic that both parties must continue to discuss |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
109932046 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109932046 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| DOI: | 10.6814/NCCU202200675 |
| Appears in Collections: | [經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文
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