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    題名: 政府資訊公開與國家機密保護——以日本學說及實務見解為主
    其他題名: The Freedom of Information and National Security Information
    作者: 范姜真媺
    Fan Chiang, Chen-Mei
    關鍵詞: 知的權利;政府資訊公開;國家機密保護法;實質祕;形式祕;複合祕;秘密審查;機密指定
    日期: 2007-12
    上傳時間: 2016-05-20 10:42:38 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 政府資訊公開為實現人民知的權利，於現代民主國家為人民監督政府、參與政治所不可或缺之法制；而為維護國家安全及外交利益又不得不將相關特定資訊指定為國家機密，限制其公開；故於政府資訊公開法中將國家機密列為限制公開之事由之一。國家機密因由政府機關所指定者，為防止其濫用核定權，不當限制人民知的權利，對國家機密之核定必須限於必要最小範圍內，其所採取之手段為：事前依法明訂國家機密之事項要件以界定得核定為國家機密之資訊範圍，及核定機密之程序以管控其指定過程透明化；並於事後由法院審查其所核定機密內容，是否為實質上有保密價值之資訊。本論文以日本相關之法律、判例及學說見解為素材，分析、說明在政府資訊公開原則下，如何界定國家機密之範圍、其限制公開之要件為何？及法院如何審裡該當事件，以盡其保障人民知的權利之職責：最後並檢討我國現行法律規定，及將來對相關法律之運用上應思考之問題。
    The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) established an effective statutory right of access to government information, which recognized both the right of the public to be informed about activities of its government and the need to protect against unauthorized access to national security information or untimely disclosure. Accordingly, an Exemption provision of the FOIA protects from disclosure national security information concerning national defense or foreign policy, provided that it has been properly classified in accordance with the substantive and procedural requirements of the National Security Protection Act. Based upon the Japanese FOIA, adjudications, and theories, two important issues are discussed in this study. The first concerns whether the information exempt from disclosure has been classified properly in accordance with substantive and procedural requirements of an executive order. Furthermore, information disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause damage to national security. The second is concerned with whether the courts would make a true de nove review of classified documents. The findings of this study can help the agency or court in Taiwan deal with cases related to FOIA.
    關聯: 法學評論, 100, 1-56
    資料類型: article
    顯示於類別:[政大法學評論 TSSCI] 期刊論文

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