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    Title: 原產地規則之探討
    Analysis of Rules of Origin
    Authors: 賴永聲
    Lai, Yung Seng
    Contributors: 蔡英文
    Tsai,Ing Weng
    賴永聲
    Lai,Yung Seng
    Keywords: 原產地
    歐洲共同體
    美國
    關稅暨貿易總協定
    Origin
    EEC
    US
    GATT
    Date: 1994
    1993
    Issue Date: 2016-04-29 15:17:48 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 原產地規則已形成一項重要的貿易問題，其對商業進口型態與工廠尋求供
    應來源決策之決定有相當影響。因此，企業於尋求最具成本效益之零組件
    購買時，必須考慮零組件和最終產品之原產地將會如何被定義，如此才能
    了解通關條件和關稅適用情形。於選擇製造廠和裝配工廠的設廠地點時，
    企業也必須考慮於最終市場，其產品的原產地將如何被定義，以求能使其
    產品之關稅和非關稅貿易障礙降至最低。企業全球化之增加與各國經濟的
    互相依賴，使得產品原產地的決定變得相當困難。而且，進口產品的差別
    待遇，傳統貿易障礙使用之額外限制，與企業的全球化策略，均使原產地
    規則愈來愈重要。雖然政府目前正在草擬“進口貨品原產地認定標準”草
    案，但目前國內對原產地規則之研究尚屬有限。基於使我國企業界進一步
    了解此重要議題於世界主要貿易體之適用情形，以作為企業於本國與海外
    投資和設廠等決策之參考，以及因應我國加入 GATT 及將成立之世界貿易
    組織（ World Trade Organization； WTO）後，於原產地規則之國際多
    邊談判需要，特對產品與生產者之原產地規則，及原產地規則之政治經濟
    學加以探討。最後，再提出個人淺見以供後續研究者及政府決策者於起草
    我國原產地規則時參考 。
    Reference: 1. 黃立著，“經濟與貿易法論叢”，五南圖書出版公司，八十一年9月出版。
    2. “歐體原產地規定及其影響”，經濟部工業局八十二年度專案計劃執行成果報告。
    3. 歐市紡織品原產地規定，紡織業外銷拓展會編印，中華民國八十年十月。
    4. 第三次烏拉圭回合談判研討會會議資料，經濟部國際貿易局，中華民國八十年九月。
    5. 二、英文部分
    6. (一)期刊
    7.
    8. 1. Hironori Asakura` 1993: The Harmonized System and Rules
    9. of Origin` Journal of World Trade` 27 J.W.T. 4, Audust
    10. , pp.6-21 °
    11. 2. Harold Owen Beede` 1990: The EEC Rules-of-Origin "Game
    12. “: Can Non -Members Pl ay ? ,Suffolk Transnational Law
    13. Journal, 14 Suff.Transnat`l L.J. l` Fall, pp.80-126 o
    14. 3. Jean-Francois Bellis` Edwin Vermulst and Paul Waer`
    15. 1989: Further Changes in the EEC Anti -dumping Regulation
    16. : A Codification of Controversial Methodologies`
    17. Journal of World Trade` 23 J.W.T. 2, pp.21-34
    18. 4.Lynn S. Baker, 1993: Comments on NAFTA’s Customs Procedures for Certificates of Orgin, United States-Mexico Law Journal , 1 U.S. –MEX.L.J.,SYMPOSIUM,pp.165-166.
    19. 5.Chong Ju Choi, 1991: A Comment on Vermulst’s and Waer’s “European Community Rules of Origin as Commercial Policy Instruments?”, Journal of World Trade, 25 J.W.T. 6,December, pp. 131-133.
    20. 6.Fre’de’ric P. Cantin and Andreas F. Lowenfeld, 1993: Rules of Origin , the Canada-US. FTA and the Honda Case, The International Lawyer, 87 The Int’l Law.3, July, pp.375-390.
    21. 7. Discussion of Border Enforcement Issues and the Rules of Origin, United States-Mexico Law Journal , 1 U.S. MEX.L.J., SYMPOSIUM, pp.167-170
    22. 8.Richard D. English, 1992: The Europan Single Market: A Challenge to the World Economy, Suffolk Transnational Law Review , 16 Suff. Transnat’l L.R. 1, pp. 52-54.
    23. 9.Bernard Hoekman, 1993: Rules OF Origin for goods and Services, Conceptual Issues and Economic Considerations Journal of World Trade, 27 J.W.T. 4, August, pp.82-88.
    24. 10. Donald Harrison, Kenneth G. Weigel, 1993: Customs Provisions and Rules of Origin under the NAFTA, The International Lawyer, 27 The Int’l Law . 1: Fall, pp.647-669.
    25. 11. Gary N. Horlick and Geoffrey D. Oliver, 1989: Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Law Provisions of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, Journal of World Trade , 23 J.W.T. 3, pp.5-49
    26. 12. Holmer and Bello, 1989: US Trade Law and Policy Series No.14, The 1988 Trade Bill: Saviour or Scourge of the International Trading System?, The International Lawyer, 23 Int’l Law. Pp.523-532.
    27. 13. Israel’s Free Trade Agreement, The George Washington Journal of International Law and Economics, 24 Geo. Wash.J.Int’l & Econ. , pp.382-388.
    28. 14. George Kieinfeld and Diane Gaylor , 1994: Circumvention of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders through Minor Alterations in Merchandise, Where to Draw the Line? Journal of World Trade , 28, J.W.T. 1, February ,pp. 77-78.
    29. 15. Joseph A. LaNasa III, 1993: Rules of Origin under the North American Free Trade Agreement : A Substantial Transformation into Objectively Transparent Protectionism, Harvard International Law Journal ,34 Harv. Int’l L.J. 2, Spring, pp. 381-406.
    30. 16. John C. Monica , Jr. , 1991: United States Exports with A Japanese Label : Potential Effects of EC.’92 on Automobiles Manufactured by Japanese Companies on U.S. Soil, 24 GEO.Wash, J. Int’l & Econ., pp.623-645.
    31. 17. Michael P. Maxwell, 1989: Formulating Rules of Origin
    32. for Imported Merchandi se : Transformi ng the Substant i a 1
    33. Transformation Test` The George Washington Journal of
    34. International Law and Economics` 23 Geo.Wash.J.Int`l &
    35. Econ. 1, pp. 669 -693 0
    36. 18. Manuel Gal icia R. 1993: Comments on the Advantages and
    37. Disadvantages of the NAFTA Rules of Origin United
    38. States -Mex i co Law Journa 1 ` 1 U. S. -MEX. L. J.` SYMPOS r UM
    39. , pp. 163 -164 0
    40. 19. Matthew McOueen ` 1982: Lome and the Protective Effect
    41. of Rules of Origin` Journal of World Trade Law` 16 J.
    42. W. T .L. 2, March/April, pp.1l9-132 o
    43. 20. Jacques Nusbaumer` 1979: Origin Systems and the Trade
    44. of Developing Countries` Journal of World Trade Law`
    45. 13 J.W.T.L. 1, January/February` pp.34-46 o
    46. 21. David Palmeter ` 1987 : Rules of Origin or Rules of
    47. Restriction ? A Commentary on a New Form of Protec tionism`
    48. Fordham International Law Journal ` 11 Ford
    49. -ham Int`l L.J. 1,2 0
    50. 22. N. David Palmeter` 1993: Pacific Regional Trade Liber
    51. -al ization and Rules of Origin` Journal of World Trade
    52. , 27 J.W.T.5, October` pp.49-62 0
    53. 23. N. David Palmeter` 1990: The U.S. Rules of Origin Proposal
    54. to GATT: Monotheism or Polytheism? ` Journal of
    55. World Trade` 24 J.W.T. 2, April, pp.25-36 o
    56. 24. N.David Palmeter, 1987 : Rules of Origin or Rules of Restriction? A Commentary on a New Form of Protectionism, Fordham International Law Journal , 11 Fordham Int’l L.J. 1,2, PP.4.
    57. 25.Jimmie V. Reyna, 1993: A Preliminary of the Operation and Effect of the NAFTA Rules of Origin, United States-Mexico Law Journal , 1 U.S. –MEX.L.J. , SYMPOSIUM.pp. 127-161.
    58. 26. David Stepp. 1984: The 1984” Country of Origin” Regulations for Textile Imports: Illegal administrative Action Under Domestic and International Law ? , 14 Ga. J. Int’l & Comp. L. pp.573-595.
    59. 27. Frank Schoneveld, 1992: The EEC and Free Trade Agreement – Stretching the Limits of GATT Exceptions to Nodiscriminatory trade , Journal of World Trade, 26 J.W.T. 5, October, PP. 75-76.
    60. 28. John P. Simpson, Reforming Rules of Origin, Journal of Commerce, 4 October 1988, pp. 12A ,col.2.
    61. 29. John P.Simpson, 1994: North American Free Trade Agreement – Rules of Origin, Journal of World Trade, 28 J.W.T. 1, February, pp. 33-41.
    62. 30. Edwin A. Vermulst, 1992: Rules of Origin as Commercial Policy Instruments-Revisited , Journal of World Trade, 26 J.W.T. 6, December, pp.62-102.
    63. 31. Edwin Vermulst and Paul Waer, 1990: European Commun-
    64. ity Rules of Origin as Commercial Policy Instruments?
    65. Journal of World Trade` 24 J.W.T. 3` June` pp.55-99 o
    66. 32. Gerwin Van Gerven` 1988: New Anti-Circumvention Rules
    67. in EEC Anti -dumping Law` The International Lawyer` 22
    68. Int`l Law.` pp.809-828 o
    69. 33. Kenneth G. Weigel `1993: Significant New Developments
    70. Every Business Lawyer Should Know About Customs Law `
    71. The International Lawyer` 27 The Int`l Law. 1, Spring
    72. , pp.177-188 o
    73. (二)書籍
    74. 1. R. C. Hi ne ` The Pol it i ca 1 Economy of European Trade: An
    75. Introduction to the Trade Pol icies of the EEC` Distributed
    76. by Harvester Press ( 1985) 0
    77. 2. John H. Jackson` Wor 1 d Trade and the Law of GATT ( 1969)。
    78. 3. John H. Jackson` The Worl d Trad i ng System ( 1989) 0
    79. 4. D. Lasok` The Customs Law of the European Economic Com
    80. -muni ty ( 1990) 0
    81. 5. Rules of Origin in International Trade: A Comparative
    82. Study` Edwi n Vermul st ` Paul Waer and Jacques Bourgeoi s
    83. (eds.) , the University of Michigan Press (1994) 0
    84. 6. Stephen Weatheri 11 and Paul Beaumont` EC Law` Pengui n
    85. Group Published (1993) 0
    86. 7. Nicholas A Zaimis ,1992: E`uropean Practice Library,
    87. EC Rules of Origin, Chancery Law Publishing.
    88. (三)政府出版品
    89. 1. Council Regulation (EEC) 802/68 of 27 June 1968, on the common definition of the concept of the origin of goods, OJ 1968 L148/1.
    90. 2. Commission Regulation(EEC) 2454/93 of 2 July 1993, laying down provisions for the implementation of Council Regulation (EEC) 2913/92 establishing the Community Customs Code, OJ 1993 L253
    91. 3.Council Regulation (EEC) 2913/92 of 12 October 1992,establishing the Community Customs Code, OJ 1992 L302/1.
    92. 4.Council Regulation (EEC) 1318/71 of 21 June 1971, amending Regulation (EEC) 820/68 on the common definition of the concept of the origin of goods, OJ 1971 L139/6.
    93. 5.Council Regulation (EEC) 456/91 of 25 February 1991, amending Regulation (EEC) 802/68 on the common definition of the concept of the origin of goods. OJ 1991 L54/4.
    94. 6.Commission Regulation (EEC) 3620/90 of 14 December 1990, on determining the origin of the meat and offals, fresh, chilled of frozen , of certain domestic animals , OJ 1990 L351/25.
    95. 7. Commission Regulation ( EEC) 2883/90 of 5 October 1990.
    96. On determining the origin of grape juice, OJ 1990 L276/13
    97. 8.Commission Regulation (EEC) 2884/90 of 5 October 1990 , on determining the origin of certain goods produced from eggs, OJ 1990 L276/14.
    98. 9. Commission Regulation (EEC) 3561/90 of 11 December 1990, on determining the origin of certain ceramic products ,OJ 1990 L347/10.
    99. 10. Commission Regulation (EEC) 2071/89 of July 1989, on determining the origin of photocopying apparatus, incorporating an optical system or of the contact type , OJ. 1989 L196/24.
    100. 11.Commission Regulation (EEC) 3672/90 of 18 December 1990 , on determining the origin of ball, roller or needle roller bearings , OJ 1990 L 356/30.
    101. 12. Commission Regulation (EEC) 1364/91 of 24 May 1991, determining the origin of textiles and textile articles falling within Section XI of the combined nomenclature, OJ. 1991 L130/18.
    102. 13.Commission Regulation (EEC) 1365/19 of 24 May 1991, on determining the origin of cotton linters, impregnated felt and nonwovens, articles of apparel of leather, footwear and watch straps of texticles, OJ 1991 L130/28.
    103. 14. Commission ,Regulation (EEC) 861/71 of 27 April 1971, on
    104. determining the origin of tape recorders` OJ 1971 L95/
    105. 11 0
    106. 15. Commission Regulation (EEC) 2632/70 of 23 December 1970
    107. , on determining the origin of radio and television receivers`
    108. OJ L279/35 o
    109. 16. Commi ssi on Regul ati on ( EEC) 37/70 of 9 January 1970, on
    110. determining the origin of essential spare parts for use
    111. wi th any pi ece of equi pment ` machi ne ` appa ratus or
    112. vechi cl es di spatched beforehand ` OJ 1970 L7 /6 0
    113. . 17. Commission Regulation (EEC) 315/71of 12 February 1971
    114. , on determining the origin of basic wines intended for
    115. the preparation of vermouth, and the origin of vermouth
    116. , OJ 1971 L36/l0 0
    117. 18. Commission Regulation (EEC) 288/89 of 3 February 1989,
    118. on determining the origin of integrated circuits` OJ
    119. 1989 L33/23 o
    120. 19. Commi ss i on Regul ati on ( EEC) 749/78 of 10 Apri 1 1978` on
    121. the determination of the origin of textiles products fa
    122. -lling within Chapters 51 and 53 to 62 of the Combined
    123. Customs Tariff, OJ 1978 UOll7 0
    124. 20. Council Regulation (EEC) 616/78 of 20 March 1978 ` on
    125. proof of origin for certain textile products falling
    126. within Chapter 51 or Chapter 53 to 62 of the Common Cu
    127. -stoms Tariff and imported into the Community` and on
    128. the cond it ions for the acceptance of such proof, OJ
    129.
    130. 1987 L84/1.
    131. 21.Commission Regulation (EEC) 1039/71 of 24 May 1971 , on determining the origin of certain woven textiles products, OJ 1971 L113/13.
    132. 22. Commission Regulation (EEC) 861/71 of 27 April 1971, on determining the origin of tape recorder, OJ 1971 L95/11.
    133. 23.Pub. L. No. 100-418. §1321, 102 Stat. 1192, adding § 781 to the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended , 19 U.S.C.A § 1677j.
    134. 24. North American Free Trade Agreement, Chapter 4.
    135. 25.U.S Int’l Trade Commision , Standardization of Rules of Origin, Pub. No. 1976. Rep. No. 332-239 at VI (1987) (Preminary), pp.1-20
    136. 26.U.S. Int’l Trade Commision , The Impact of Rules of Origin on U.S Imports and Exports, Pub. No. 1695, May(1985), pp.1-107.
    137.
    138. (四)GATT出版品
    139. 1.Basic Instruments and Selected Documents(BISD), First Supplement ( March 1953), pp. 104-105.
    140. 2. BISD, Second Supplement (January 1954), pp. 53-54.
    141. 3.BISD,Second Supplement( January 1955), pp.94-99.
    142. 4.”European Economic Community Regulation on Imports of Parts and Components”, BISD Suppl. No. 37 pp. 132-199.
    143. 5. Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of
    144. Multilateral Trade Negotiations `Agreement on Rules of
    145. Origin 0
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    國際經營與貿易學系
    81351022
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#B2002003788
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of International Business] Theses

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