政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/85596

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/85596

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题名:	歐洲聯盟與全球綠化之研究
作者:	周如雁
贡献者:	姜家雄周如雁
关键词:	歐洲聯盟綠化環保永續發展
日期:	2001
上传时间:	2016-04-20 11:11:15 (UTC+8)
摘要:	論文摘要本文共分為七章，內容摘要如下：第一章為緒論，內容為本論文寫作動機與目的、研究範圍與限制、研究方法與架構及文獻回顧。第二章為全球環境議題與全球環境外交的一般背景介紹，首先針對全球環境議題的沿革與性質作一敘述，尤其著重在永續發展及二十一世紀議程（Agenda 21）的強調上。接著談到全球環境外交與環境安全的關係及其顯著運作型態，即全球環保會議的召開與功能性合作及其三大特徵。之後筆者企圖一窺全球環保談判（即環保會議外交）的面貌，故內容有全球環保談判的種類及其參與者的分類與介紹。最後因全球環保談判而產出的全球環境條約與國際環保法的誕生、實踐息息相關，並對於全球環保意識及風氣之塑造具有絕對權威的影響力及強制力，故筆者亦對全球環境條約亦有所著墨。第三章的重點在於介紹與環境相關的國際組織，主要指的是聯合國大會、聯合國環境署、聯合國永續發展委員會與重要國際環保財務機制：如全球環境設施（Global Environment Facility）。此外，還有對其他重要國際組織―世界貿易組織與經濟合作暨發展組織―中環保發展的簡單介紹。第四章認識歐盟這個超國家組織的發展簡史並佐以與環境相關的組織機構簡介、決策程序分析。另外，筆者將阿姆斯特丹條約（第三次基礎條約的修訂）對歐盟環境政策的強化作一分析敘述，俾使讀者體會到歐盟對環境的重視程度總是有增無減，而其對提昇環境品質一事上亦是不遺餘力的。最後為呼應第二、三章的內容，筆者整合探討歐盟在國際環境組織與公約中的角色。第五章為專門深入探討歐盟內部環境政策的理念演進，也就是從「永續成長」到「永續發展」的坎坷道路；到五次環境行動計畫的一步一腳印過程，即其對永續發展的實踐承諾。最後在對歐盟環境政策的複雜性及其後續發展作一評估，進而探討制訂歐盟共同環境政策的可能性。第六章以探討、分析、整理歐盟的環境外交角色為主。首先筆者發現歐盟的全球環境角色提昇現象，接著探討與歐盟全球環境角色發展息息相關的歐盟內外環境權限的演進及第三國對歐體的承認問題。之後，筆者亦著墨於歐體在環境外交上的表現與談判行為，著重在瞭解歐體對外締約的流程。最後將對歐盟的區域環境角色作一描述，大致分為多邊及雙邊對外環境條約的締結與相關內容。第七章為結論，將本論文所探討的主題作一重點整理與研究成果摘要。目錄第一章緒論…………………………………………………………………1 第一節研究動機與研究目的…………………………………………1 第二節研究範圍與研究限制…………………………………………3 第三節研究方法與研究架構…………………………………………4 第四節文獻回顧………………………………………………………7 第二章全球環境議題與全球環境外交………………………………… ..10 第一節全球環境議題………………………………………………...10 第二節全球環境外交的發展………………………………………...31 第三節全球環境會議外交…………………………………………...38 第四節全球環境條約………………………………………………...45 第五節小結…………………………………………………………...48 第三章與環境相關的國際組織…………………………………………..51 第一節聯合國………………………………………………………..51 第二節聯合國系統下的國際環境組織……………………………..56 第三節其他國際組織………………………………………………..62 第四章歐洲聯盟的綠化過程……………………………………………..68 第一節歐洲聯盟……………………………………………………..68 第二節涉及環境相關議題的歐洲聯盟機構………………………..69 第三節歐洲聯盟與環境相關的決策程序分析……………………..79 第四節歐洲聯盟基礎條約對歐盟環境政策的強化………………..82 第五節小結………………………………………………………….83 第五章歐洲聯盟內部環境政策………………………………………….84 第一節歐洲聯盟環境政策的演進：從永續成長到永續發展…….84 第二節歐洲聯盟五次環境行動計畫：永續發展的實踐………….86 第三節歐洲聯盟環境政策的複雜性及其後續發展……………….97 第四節小結…………………………………………………………101 第六章歐洲聯盟的環境外交……………………………………………105 第一節歐洲聯盟全球環境角色的提昇……………………………105 第二節歐洲聯盟內外環境權限的演進……………………………107 第三節第三國對歐體的承認：歐體國際法律人格………………110 第四節歐洲聯盟的環境外交與談判行為…………………………115 第五節歐洲聯盟的區域環境角色…………………………………121 第六節小結…………………………………………………………127 第七章結論………………………………………………………………129 參考書目……………………………………………………………………134 附錄一………………………………………………………………………149 附錄二………………………………………………………………………154 圖表目次圖圖4-1 執委會總署及其他主要行政單位一覽表………………73 圖4-2 歐洲環境署的組織架構…………………………………78 圖4-3 單一歐洲法後的歐盟合作程序（一、二讀）…………80 圖4-4 馬約後的歐盟共同決策程序（三讀）…………………81 表表2-1 全球環境議題的沿革……………………………………12 表2-2 聯合國二十一世紀議程架構……………………………14 表2-3 二十一世紀議程所表現的四大面向……………………16 表2-4 先進工業社會中的永續發展階梯………………………29 表2-5 全球重大環保會議簡表…………………………………35 表2-6 促進或抑制多邊協議的誘因……………………………37 表2-7 依規範議題的國際條約分類表…………………………48 表4-1 各會員國在歐洲議會中的議員數目……………………76 表4-2 歐盟理事會各國票數分配表……………………………79 表5-1 歐盟五部門主要的環境整合計畫………………………90
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