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    Title: 歷史與目的─黑格爾政治哲學與歷史哲學研究
    Authors: 蔡慶樺
    Contributors: 孫善豪
    蔡慶樺
    Keywords: 黑格爾
    辯證法
    歷史終結
    理性
    自由
    精神現象學
    法哲學
    Date: 2001
    Issue Date: 2016-04-15 16:03:50 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 黑格爾的哲學在政治思想史上佔有極重要的地位,自馬克思之後乃至許多當代思潮都從黑格爾處獲得豐富的靈感,對於黑格爾哲學也出現了許許多多不同立場的詮釋方式。這些不同的詮釋或把黑格爾解讀為一激進的哲學家,或視他為支持現存政治秩序的哲學家,其中的爭議至今仍然未解。
    本文的工作就是在回答黑格爾的思想是激進的或保守的,而研究的途徑有三個方向他的辯證哲學是否是唯心的、他的政治哲學是否擁護現存政治權威以及他是否主張歷史終結。如辯證法是唯心的則黑格爾是保守的,因為所有的激進改革動作只在觀念中發生;如黑格爾擁護現存政治權威則他是保守的,因為所有改變現存政治權威的企圖都是不正當的;如果黑格爾主張歷史終結則他是保守的,因為在歷史終結時所有能改變歷史的激進政治動作都將不可能發生。
    第一章從《邏輯學》與《精神現象學》等書中,說明黑格爾如何藉由批評形式邏輯以及康德的批判哲學以建構他的精神辯證法,並將說明黑格爾的辯證法如同馬克思所批評是一種唯心主義。第二章中,從《法哲學》一書探討了黑格爾的政治哲學,說明黑格爾的政治哲學主張一種理性國家,這理性國家並非現存的國家,在這理性國家中個人因為與國家有機地相互構成,而享有具體自由,毋須屈服於國家權力之下。第三章中,分別就《精神現象學》與《歷史哲學演講錄》討論黑格爾的歷史哲學,得出的結論是在辯證法的基礎上,黑格爾並不能被視為主張歷史終結的保守哲學家;但是在他的神義論中,世界歷史進程中必然出現的「理性之狡計」卻使他的哲學因為主張歷史必然性,排拒了個人自由,而更動了早期他在《法哲學》中共和主義的立場,成為一保守的哲學家。
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    政治學系
    87252011
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#A2002001181
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[政治學系] 學位論文

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