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    題名: 從在台外籍生之學習選擇看留學生遷移決策之社會建構
    作者: 馬藹萱
    貢獻者: 社會系
    日期: 2014-06
    上傳時間: 2014-11-14 10:24:58 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 近年來全球留學生的大量增加，反映出全球高等教育市場的擴張與日趨多元的教育選項。臺灣政府近十年來在推動高等教育國際化發展下，積極招募外籍學生來臺求學，在臺外籍生人數也快速成長。儘管Kight與de Wit所建立的概念性架構有助於我們理解留學生選擇跨界學習背後的決策理據（rationales），但實證上仍須檢視這些理據對留學生進行相關決定時彼此間的相對重要性，以及影響其相對重要性的主要因子。推拉模型中對於遷移決策者透過搜尋最佳遷移選項以追求最大效益的微觀假設，也亟待被進一步地驗證。本文以全臺外籍生調查資料及在七所大學舉行之外籍生焦點團體訪談資料為據，分析外籍生來臺求學之主要動機，與影響其選擇留學目的國與就讀學校之因素。結果顯示，外籍生選擇來臺求學的決策多立基於學術文化及經濟性理據。同時，決策理據之間呈現出高度的交錯性，彼此相互影響。外籍生在選擇求學目的國與就讀學校的考量上，會因來源國別、語言能力、在臺期間之經濟來源與就學階段的不同而產生差異。留學目的地在國際高等教育市場的能見度、移入國與原生國的教育資源與政策，國際關係和區域化發展等因素，也會影響留學生的學習選擇。這些發現，凸顯了遷移決策背後的條件脈絡對決策形成的影響力，也形塑了留學決策當中有限理性的特質。研究結果也指出，決定出國留學，和選擇留學目的國與就讀學校的各項決策之間不必然呈現垂直線性的關係，而多呈現迴遞互動式的關係。最後，本文就研究結果對臺灣現行外籍生招募政策提出建議。The rapid increase in international students worldwide in recent years has reflected the fast expansion of the global higher education market and the gradual diversification of educational options. In the recent decade, the Taiwanese government has launched policies to internationalize higher education and to actively attract foreign students to study in Taiwan, and the number of foreign students in Taiwan has been rapidly rising. Although the conceptual framework proposed by Knight and de Wit is helpful in understanding the rationales of international students` transnational education choices, substantial empirical evidence is needed to examine the relative significance of these rationales and the factors generating the differentiation. There also remains to be tested the micro-level hypothesis of the push-pull model conceptualizing a migration decision as the result of a rational choice seeking the best option with the maximum utility. This paper analyzes foreign students` motives to study in Taiwan and the factors shaping their destination choices with a national foreign student survey data and focus-group interviews with foreign students at seven Taiwanese universities. The results show that foreign students` study choices were based mainly on academic, cultural and economic rationales. The weighting of rationales varied by students` countries of origin, language skills, economic sources, and levels of study. The visibility of the study countries and institutions on the global market of higher education, education resources and policies of sending and receiving countries, international relations and regionalization all take part in shaping the study choices of student migrants. These findings highlight the contextualization of study choices of international students and the characteristic of bounded rationality in migration decision making. The study further discovers that the decision to study abroad and the choices of destination country and institution are not necessarily tied in a vertical and lineal relation but are often coordinated in a recursive fashion. It lastly provides suggestions to Taiwan`s current foreign student recruitment policy.
    關聯: 人口學刊, 48, 43-94
    資料類型: article
    DOI 連結: http://dx.doi.org/10.6191/JPS.2014.48.02
    DOI: 10.6191/JPS.2014.48.02
    顯示於類別:[社會學系] 期刊論文

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