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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/69338


    Title: 立法院監督功能---質詢、備詢、聽證及調查之研究一個比較性的分析
    Other Titles: A Comparative Study on Oversight Function of Foreign Congresses and Legislative Yuan
    Authors: 楊日青
    Contributors: 政治學系
    Keywords: 國會;監督功能;質詢;備詢;調查;聽證
    Congress;Oversight function;Interpellation;Question;Investigation;Public hearing
    Date: 1997
    Issue Date: 2014-08-27 17:28:55 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本研究為兩年期計畫,第一年在研究美英法日四國之國會監督制度、分析其質詢、調查、聽證制度之特色,並探討何以在不同政府體制下,會呈現不同的國會類型。< 美國在分權制衡的總統制下,總統與議員分別由選民選舉產生,各有固定任期,總統不能解散國會,所以國會能真正獨立。而議員不得兼任官員,其當選多憑自己能力聲望,政黨的助益有限,故議員的自主性亦較強。在總統獨攬行政大權,需要監督的憲政理念下,議員自然不願放棄監督制衡的角色,國會自然呈現獨立自主的特性。國會有主動立法權、高度監督權。因而波士比認為,美國國會是「立法型立法機關」,具有獨立能力,能將各種提案轉變成法律。< 英國內閣制的重要特徵之一,乃是內閣由國會多數黨領袖所組成。通常亦能獲得執政黨議員之支持。閣揆之所以能獲同黨議員支持,除了入閣之誘因外,主因是倘若執政黨議員不支持內閣,即有倒閣或解散國會之危險。倒閣將使執政黨失去大量政治資源;若國會解散改選,議員不但又要勞命傷財,且在人民對政黨認同度偏高的英國,因叛黨被開除黨籍的議員,要競選連任幾乎注定落選。故執政黨議員與內閣是利害與共,有如生命共同體,因而黨紀亦易貫徹。由於擁有國會多數黨議員之支持,因而內閣猶如國會之「指導委員會」(Steering Committee),不僅能有效領導國會立法,且使行政與立法兩權融合為一。相對而言,國會失去了獨立自主的地位,淪為波士比所謂的「議論型立法機關」,成為朝野政黨辯論角力的議場。< 我國憲法經過四次增修後,總統權力擴大,總統制特色愈來愈濃,由是我國國會制度應如何調整?朝向立法型國會?或議論型國會發展?或仿傚法國,進一步弱化國會?值得做整體深入之探討。這是本研究計畫第二年的研究重點、第二年結束時將提出完整的正式報告。<
    This research project lasts for two years:< Under the Presidential system the U.S. legislature is the so-called "tranformative legislature". However, the U.K. Parliament is the so-called arena legislature" in which the cabinet is actually the steering committee of the parliament. The "transformative" legislature possesses the independent capacity, frequently exercised, to mold and transform proposals from whatever source into laws, whereas the "arena" legislature serves as formalized setting for the interplay of significant political forces in the life of political system.< As a result of the fourth modification of the Constitution, the President is really a great power in our political system. Under such conditions, which direction should the Legislative yuan go to? the `transformative` legislature? the "arena" legislature? This is the key question of the research project in the second year.<
    Relation: 行政院國家科學委員會
    計畫編號NSC86-2414-H004-030
    Data Type: report
    Appears in Collections:[政治學系] 國科會研究計畫

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