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| Title: | 歐洲聯盟推動共同人權政策的發展與策略：兼論對台灣的影響與借鏡 |
| Other Titles: | The Human Rights Policy of the European Union : A Comparative Perspective on Taiwan |
| Authors: | 張台麟 |
| Contributors: | 歐洲語文學系 |
| Date: | 2012-03 |
| Issue Date: | 2014-05-26 15:18:54 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 歐洲聯盟推動共同人權政策的發展與挑戰： 兼論對台灣的影響與借鏡 歐洲共同體成立之初，由於其目標著重於農業、經濟政策等面向，對人權發展與保 障的議題並非其優先範疇。不過，隨著歐洲聯盟的深化與廣化，其在人權保障以及國際 人權發展上日益扮演重要的角色。2000 年的歐盟通過了「歐洲聯盟基本權利憲章」以因 應歐盟東擴後能進一步地落實及推動歐盟的人權制度與政策。2007 年初，歐盟相繼改組 成立了「歐盟基本人權署」（FRA)以及「歐盟民主與人權發展局」（EIDHR)這兩個機構以 負責推動與執行歐盟內部的共同人權發展及保障事宜以及外部非會員國或地區的共同 民主化與人權保障的政策。2009 年12 月月歐盟更通過了一項名為「邁向一個符合歐洲 公民的自由、安全及正義的新領域」的計畫（亦稱斯德哥爾摩計畫），以期建構一個確 保人權與司法正義的歐洲。不過，由於人權係屬司法、自由與安全之範圍且需尊重會員 國主權與利益，因而如何建構並推動一個共同、團結且有效的歐盟人權政策是當前歐盟 統合的重要課題之一。 對台灣而言，隨著台灣近三十年的民主自由與法治化的快速發展，在人權領域的作 為也日益積極與具體，同時也受到國際社會的肯定，特別是2009 年5 月通過了「公民 與政治權利國際公約」及「經濟社會文化權利國際公約」兩項公約讓我國的人權保障的 邁入新的里程碑。不過，隨著全球國際化與民主化的潮流，世界人權保障的策略與制度 也將進一步的深化與廣化，特別是我國近年來外籍移民的增加以及兩岸政策的開放等新 的情勢與發展勢必會對我國經濟、社會、治安以及人權保障的政策與執行產生重要的衝 擊與影響。此外，我國在建構人權保障制度上之相關法令規章與制度仍有許多不足之 處，如何因應新的形勢與未來發展是一個嚴肅且重要的課題。本研究之目的係希望就歐 洲聯盟推動共同人權政策的歷史沿革、發展進程加以探討，其次進一步探討歐盟在推動 共同人權政策上的法制架構以及實施內容與策略，之後將試圖評估此項政策與實施經驗 的優缺，並進一步與台灣現況與制度規範比較，期而對我國未來人權保障之發展與政策 提出具體且有前瞻性之建議。
The Human Rights Policy of the European Union : A Comparative Perspective on Taiwan At the begainning of the European integration, the human rights and its protection was not a top priority. With the deepening and broadening of the European Union, the EU has played a more and more important role in the field of the international human rights regime and the fundamental rights protection. In 2000, The EU has adopted the Charter of fundamental rights in order to promote the protection of human rights after Eastward enlargement. In 2007, The EU established the Fundamental Rights Agency and the European Instrument for Democracy and Human Rights in order to promote its commom policy in the domain of fudamental rights on the one hand and the democracy and human rights of the rest of the world on the other hand. On december 10, 2009, the EU`s sommit has also adopted the Stockholm programme establishing "An area of freedom, security and justice serving the citizen" in order to create an open and secure Europe. This puts fundamental rights protection in the centre of the European Agenda. However, the fact that the cooperation in terms of justice, freedom and security is always a privileged domain of each member state, and the vague notion on the diversity, it would take a long journey for the European Union in order to establish an integrated human rights poplicy. For Taiwan, with the democratization and liberalization of the political regime during the past 30 years, the Government has paid more and more attention to the issue of the human rights. In Mai 2009, the fact that the two international conventions (civil and political rights and social, economic and cultural rights) have been signed by the authorities was significant. However, with the open policy on the immigration and the Cross-strait relations, Taiwan should develop international cooperation and learn from the international experiences in order to strengthen on the one hand Taiwan`s savoir-faire in the human rights policy, and establish on the other hand its system and legal framework. The purpose of this research project is, firstly, to explore and discuss the history of the EU`s human rights development and its structure and strategic basis, then to analyze the EU`s actions and results on the push for the common policy in terms of the protection of human rights, thirdly to evaluate on some of the merits and drawbacks of the policy, and to make a comparison to the current situation of Taiwan. Finally, to give a few concrete and insightful advices on the future of the human rights policy. |
| Relation: | 歐洲聯盟推動對外政策的策略與主軸, 國立政治大學歐洲語文學程, pp.1-102 |
| Data Type: | report |
| Appears in Collections: | [歐洲語文學系] 國科會研究計畫
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