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    题名: 刻板印象的維持或改變：從內隱理論看違反刻板印象訊息的影響
    Stereotype maintenance or change: the role of implicit theories in the effects of counter-stereotypic information
    作者: 許人禾
    贡献者: 李怡青
    許人禾
    关键词: 違反刻板印象訊息
    內隱理論
    認知資源
    老人
    外籍勞工
    日期: 2009
    上传时间: 2013-09-03 13:29:17 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 以往違反刻板印象訊息的研究著重在訊息端變項而忽視知覺者特性，本研究以內隱理論為知覺者變項。內隱理論可區分出本質論者（視他人特質是穩定不變的）與增益論者（視他人特質是可改變的），過去研究發現本質論者較增益論者的刻板印象信念強。此外，過去研究發現人們維持刻板印象需有認知資源，若無認知資源，接收違反刻板印象訊息則改變刻板印象。由於人們處理違反刻板印象訊息可能受其內隱理論的影響，即使具有認知資源，接收違反刻板印象訊息也可能改變刻板印象。本研究提出「刻板印象強度觀點」與「內隱理論反應觀點」，探討不同內隱理論者有認知資源時接收違反刻板印象訊息如何影響刻板印象。「刻板印象強度觀點」認為，本質論者較增益論者的刻板印象強度強，因此本質論者有認知資源時接收違反刻板印象訊息會維持刻板印象，而增益論者則改變刻板印象。「內隱理論反應觀點」認為，有認知資源時本質論者較增益論者注意與詳加檢視違反刻板印象訊息，因此本質論者在有認知資源時接收違反刻板印象訊息則改變刻板印象，而增益論者則維持刻板印象。本研究進行預試一、二發展違反刻板印象訊息，正式研究測量受試者的內隱理論並以認知負荷作業操弄其認知資源，檢驗相較於刻板印象前測，受試者接收違反刻板印象訊息對刻板印象後測的影響。結果發現，未接收違反刻板印象訊息前，本質論者較增益論者的刻板印象信念強。有認知負荷作業組（即無認知資源）的受試者接收違反刻板印象訊息後改變刻板印象。無認知負荷作業組（即具認知資源）接收違反刻板印象訊息後，其中本質論者改變刻板印象，而增益論者維持刻板印象，結果較支持「內隱理論反應觀點」。
    參考文獻: 林育如 （2004）。台灣大學生自發性特質推論之探討。國立中正大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
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    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    心理學研究所
    95752008
    98
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0957520081
    数据类型: thesis
    显示于类别:[心理學系] 學位論文

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