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    Title: 最適維修支出與最適房屋品質
    The optimal housing maintenance and housing quality
    Authors: 楊純蓉
    Contributors: 張勝文
    楊純蓉
    Keywords: 最適控制模型
    房屋維修支出
    房屋品質
    過濾模型
    Date: 2012
    Issue Date: 2013-09-02 17:21:58 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本文採最適控制模型,建立房屋市場的動態模型,將房屋市場以房屋品質做階層劃分,在房東利潤極大化問題下,求得最適房屋維修支出及最技術適房屋品質之定態均衡解,及分析其動態軌跡路線,代入特定維修技術函數及租金函數,做模擬分析求得特定均衡解,並做比較靜態分析去探討其所隱含的經濟涵義。
    本文研究結果如下,基本理論模型之必須符合三個條件才會鞍點均衡,第一,房東提高房屋品質所增加的邊際租金必須超過房屋的折舊率;第二,房東提高房屋品質所增加的邊際品質必須高於房屋的折舊率;第三,房屋品質每提高一單位時其邊際維修成本將逐漸遞減,且每增加一單位的維修支出所增加的邊際房屋品質也會遞減,即維修技術函數存在負向的交互作用。
    比較靜態分析結果如下,消費者的時間偏好率愈高,最適維修支出及最適房屋品質愈低,因消費者比較偏好現在的消費,而少花費在房屋維修支出上,不注重房屋品質之提升;房屋折舊率愈高,最適維修支出愈高,而最適房屋品質愈低,因折舊速度愈快,需要更多的維修支出來恢復其房屋品質;在模型應用上,本文考慮過濾效果及供給面的因素,過濾效果考量所得及家庭結構對均衡解的影響,結果發現所得愈高,家戶人數愈多,其最適維修支出及最適房屋品質皆愈高,符合過濾效果;供給面因素考量建築技術水準及建築成本,建築技術愈高其最適維修支出愈低,建築成本愈高,其最適維修支出會愈高,而最適房屋品質愈低。
    根據本文研究結果,若政府希望提升房屋市場之房屋品質,應重視房屋維修觀念的提倡,若欲以較低的維修支出,達到較高的房屋品質,則應降低利率(影響時間偏好率),鼓勵建築業者興建低折舊率的房屋,並獎勵或補貼等方式來提高維修技術及建築技術的水準。
    Reference: Anas, A. and R.J. Arnott, 1991, “Dynamic Housing Market Equilibrium with Taste Heterogeneity, Idiosyncratic Perfect Foresight and Stock Conversion, ” Journal of Housing Economics, 1(1), 2-32.
    Anas, A. and R.J. Arnott, 1993, “ Development and Testing of the Chicago Prototype Housing Market Model, ” Journal of Housing Policy Research, 4(1), 73-132.
    Anas, A. and R.J. Arnott, 1994, “ The Chicago Prototype Housing Market Model with Tenure Choice and its Policy Applications,” Journal of Housing Policy Research, 5(1), 23-92.
    Anas, A. and R.J. Arnott, 1997, “Taxes and Allowances in a Dynamic Equilibrium Model of Urban Housing with a Size-Quality Hierarchy,” Regional Science and Urban Economics, 27(4), 547-580.
    Arnott, R.J. and R.M. Braid, 1997, “A filtering Model with Steady-State Housing, ” Regional Science and Urban Economics, 27(4), 515-546.
    Arnott, R.J., R. Davidson, and D. Pines, 1983, “Housing Quality, Maintenance and Rehabilitation, ” Review of Economic Studies, 50(3), 467-494.
    Arnott, R.J., R. Davidson, and D. Pines, 1986, “Spatial Aspects of Housing Quality, Density, and Maintenance, ” Journal of Urban Economics, 19(2), 190-217.
    Braid, R.M., 1984, “The Effects of Government Housing Policies in a Vintage Filtering Model,” Journal of Urban Economics, 16, 272-296.
    Ohls, J. C., 1975, “Public Policy Toward Low Income Housing and Filtering in Housing Markets,” Journal of Urban Economics, 2, 144-171.
    Sweeney, J.L., 1974a, “Quality, Commodity Hierarchies and Housing Markets,” Econometrica, 42(1), 147-168.
    Sweeney, J.L., 1974b, “A Commodity Hierarchy Model of the Rental Housing Market, ” Journal of Urban Economics, 1(3), 288-323.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    財政研究所
    100255010
    101
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0100255010
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[財政學系] 學位論文

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