Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/58858
|
| Title: | 線上信仰：留台外籍生如何透過網路滿足信仰需求
Faith Online: How Foreign Students in Taiwan Meet Their Spiritual Needs Through Online Means |
| Authors: | 蔡秀美
Jacqueline Ong |
| Contributors: | 黃葳威
Huang, Vivian
蔡秀美
Jacqueline Ong |
| Keywords: | 信仰
網路
線上
外籍
學生
faith
online
foreign
international
student
spiritual |
| Date: | 2012 |
| Issue Date: | 2013-07-11 17:58:38 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究探討外籍生在台灣是如何滿足他們的屬靈需求。使用定性研究方法，從線上問卷調查選出12位在台就讀的外籍生，並採訪他們試圖(嘗試)藉由線上方式培養他們信仰的企圖。通過受訪者的敘述，研究者發現(揭露)並使用線上宗教內容的根本原因進行分析，媒體消費的宗教資源，一個新的宗教交流的建立，放置在這樣的網絡媒體參與的含義和意義，離線和在線的宗教習俗，並與他們在母國和東道國(地主國)的比較。主要題材出現，如屬靈權柄的轉移浪潮，在線資源的信譽(可性度；公信力)，在線的匿名性和距離與在線與離線互動的問責性(權責性；可究責性)和脆弱性，「感覺」的與真正的社群，用戶端控制與崇拜的被動模式，和道義上的責任，無論是在線還是離線，無論是在母國或地主國以任何方法保持他們的信仰。同時列出大學和教會的建議和意見，強調外籍生精神需求的需要，以適應高等教育國際化帶來的壓力，它需要他們所身處的國際社群中其他機構能回應他們的需求，比如教會。這項研究也有利於外籍生，他們可以向這些已經親身經歷新環境適應過程學習，如此無論他們生活在那一個新環境，可以確保他們的信仰仍然活著。
This research study explored the processes involved as foreigners meet their spiritual needs in a foreign country. Using qualitative research method, twelve foreign respondents studying in various universities in Taiwan were chosen from an online survey and interviewed about their attempt to cultivate their faith through online means in their host country of residence. Through the narratives of the respondents, the researcher uncovered and analyzed the underlying reasons for the use of online religious content, the media consumption of religious resources, the construction of a new religious communication, the meanings and significance placed in such online media engagement, and a comparison of offline and online religious practices in their home and host countries, respectively. Major themes emerged such as the shifting tide of spiritual authority, the credibility of online sources, the anonymity and distance of online means versus the accountability and vulnerability of offline interactions, the “sense-of” versus a real community, the user-control versus the passive mode of worship, and the moral obligation to remain in the faith in whatever means, whether online or offline, whether in the home country or the host country. Recommendations and suggestions for universities and churches were included, stressing the need to accommodate the spiritual needs of the foreign students as the internationalization of higher education brings with it the corresponding need for the internationalization of other societal institutions such as the church. This study also benefits the foreign students as they learn from the narratives of their fellow foreigners who have gone ahead of them in adapting a very sacrosanct realm of their lives in a new environment to ensure that their faith remains alive wherever they are. |
| Reference: | References
Arnett, R. C. (2010). Religious Communication Scholarship: Going Nowhere Correctly. Religious Communication Association, 33, 221-246.
Arthur, S. (2002). Technophilia and Nature Religion: the Growth of a Paradox. Religion, 32(4), 303-314.
Baab, L. M. (2008). Portraits of the Future Church: Rhetorical Analysis of Congregational Websites. Journal of Communication and Religion, 31, 143-181.
Baier, K. (2010). Spiritual Authority: A Christian Perspective. Buddhist-Christian Studies(30), 107-119.
Barbatsis, G. (2005). Reception Theory. In S. M. Ken Smith, Gretchen Barbatsis, Keith Kenney (Ed.), Handbook of Visual Communication: Theory, Methods, and Media. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Bente, G., Rüggenberg, S., Krämer, Nicole, C., and Eschenburg, F. (2008). Avatar-Mediated Networking: Increasing Social Presence and Interpersonal Trust in Net-Based Collaborations. Human Communication Research, 34(2), 287-318.
Bobkowski, P. S., and Pearce, L.D. (2011). Baring Their Souls in Online Profiles or Not? Religious Self-Disclosure in Social Media. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 50(4), 744-762.
Bochner, S., McLeod, B. M. and Lin, A. (1977). Friendship patters of overseas students: A functional model. International Journal of Psychology, 12(4), 277-294.
Brown, L. (2009). An ethnographic study of the friendship patterns of international students in England: An attempt to recreate home through conational interaction. International Journal of Educational Research, 48(3), 184-193.
Campbell, H. (2005). Exploring Religious Community Online. New York: Peter Lang.
Campbell, H. (2007). Who’s Got the Power? Religious Authority and the Internet. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(3), 1043-1062.
Campbell, H. (2010). When Religion Meets New Media. Oxon: Routledge.
Castells, M. (2010). The Rise of the Network Society Massachusetts: Wiley-Blackwell.
Cheong, P. and Poon, J. (2009). Weaving Webs of Faith: Examining Internet Use and Religious Communication Among Chinese Protestant Transmigrants. Conference Papers -- International Communication Association, 1-31.
Church, A. T. (1982). Sojourner adjustment. Psychological Bulletin, 91(3), 540-572.
Cui, Y., Huaiting, W., Ma, Z., and Southwell, B. G. (2004). Tuning In to Fit In? Acculturation and Media Use among Chinese Students in the United States. Asian Journal of Communication, 14(1), 81-94. doi: 10.1080/01292980420001951512
Dalisay, F. (2012). Media Use and Acculturation of New Immigrants in the United States. Communication Research Reports, 29(2), 148-160.
Dixon, P. (1997). Cyberchurch. Eastbourne: Kingsway Publications.
Downey, K. (2008). Getting to God Online. Broadcasting & Cable.
Estes, D. (2009). SimChurch: being the Church in the Virtual World. Michigan: Zondervan.
Farashaiyan, A., and Hua, T. K. (2012). A Cross-Cultural Comparative Study of Gratitude Strategies between Iranian and Malaysian Postgraduate Students. Asian Social Science, 8(7), 139-148.
Ferre, J. (2003). The Media of Popular Piety. In Mitchell, J and Marriage, S. (Eds.), Mediating Religion: Conversations in Media, Religion and Culture (pp. 83-92). London/New York: T & T Clark.
Firmin, M., Warner, S., and Lowe, A. (2006). Social Adjustment Among Students Growing Up in Foreign Mission-Field Contexts. Christian Higher Education, 5(2), 115-124.
Fritz, M. V., Chin, D., and DeMarinis, V. (2008). Stressors, anxiety, acculturation and adjustment among international and North American students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32(3), 244-259.
Fukamizu, K. (2007). Internet Use Among Religious Followers: Religious Postmodernism in Japanese Buddhism. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(3), 977-998.
Geertz, C. (1973). Religion as a Cultural System. In G. Clifford (Ed.), The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays (pp. 90). New York: Basic Books.
Giddens, A. (1991). Modernity and Self-Identity. California: Stanford University Press.
Helland, C. (2002). Surfing for Salvation. Religion, 32(4), 293-302.
Hendrickson, B., Rosen, D., and Aune, R. K. (2011). An Analysis Of Friendship Networks, Social Connectedness, Homesickness, And Satisfaction Levels Of International Students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(3), 281-295.
Hoover, S. M. (2002). The Culturalist Turn in Scholarship on Media and Religion. Journal of Media & Religion, 1(1), 25.
Hoover, S. M. (2003). Religion, Media and Identity: Theory and Method in Audience Research on Religion and Media. In Mitchell, J and Marriage, S. (Eds.), Mediating Religion: Conversations in Media, Religion and Culture. London / New York: T & T Clark.
Hsiao, C., Wang S. (2009). The Analysis of the Trend of Foreign Students Coming to Taiwan for Higher Education and the Marketing Strategy. The Journal of Grey System, 4(2009), 387-394.
Hutchings, T. (2007). Creating Church Online: A Case-Study Approach to Religious Experience. Studies in World Christianity, 13(3), 243-260.
Hutchings, T. (2010). The Internet and the Church: An Introduction. The Expository Times, 122(11).
Hutchings, T. (2011). Contemporary Religious Community and the Online Church. Information, Communication & Society, 14(8), 1118-1135.
Hwang, K. P., Wang, M. K., and Saing, S. (2011). The Effects of Stressors, Living Support, and Adjustment on Learning Performance of International Students in Taiwan. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 39(3), 333-344.
Jacobs, S. (2007). Virtually Sacred: The Performance of Asynchronous Cyber-Rituals in Online Spaces. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(3), 1103-1121.
Jensen, K. B. (1987). Qualitative Audience Research: Toward an Integrative Approach to Reception. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 4(1), 21.
Jóhannesson, I. Á. (2010). The politics of historical discourse analysis: a qualitative research method? Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 31(2), 251-264.
Joseph, A. E., and Baker, S. (2012). Themes Caribeean Overseas Students Perceive Influence Their Levels of Culture Shock. College Student Journal, 46(4), 716-729.
Karaflogka, A. (2002). Religious Discourse and Cyberspace. Religion, 32(4), 279-291.
Kashima, E. S., and Loh, E. (2006). International Students’ Acculturation: Effects of International, Conational, and Local Ties and Need for Closure. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30(4), 471-485.
Kendall, P. (2007). Rewired: Youth Ministry in an Age of IM and MySpace. Valley Forge, Pensylvannia: Judson Press.
Kline, S. L., and Liu, F. (2005). The Influence Of Comparative Media Use On Acculturation, Acculturative Stress, And Family Relationships Of Chinese International Students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(4), 367-390.
Langford, M. D. (2012). Currents of Malformation and Maturation: A Theological Analysis of Adolescent Culture. Reformed World, 62(1), 15-33.
LaRose, R., and Eastin, M. S. (2004). A Social Cognitive Theory of Internet Uses and Gratifications: Toward a New Model of Media Attendance. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 48(3), 358-377.
Lavrič, M. and Flere, S. (2010). Trait Anxiety and Measures of Religiosity in Four Cultural Settings. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 13(7/8), 667-682.
Lee, J, Koeske, G., and Sales, E. (2004). Social Support Buffering of Acculturative Stress: A Study of Mental Health Symptoms Among Korean International Students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 28, 399-414.
Lee, W. and Tse, D. K. (1994). Changing Media Consumption in a New Home: Acculturation Patterns Among Hong Kong Immigrants to Canada. Journal of Advertising, 23(1), 57-70.
Lin, J. G. and Yi, J. K. (1997). Asian International Student`s Adjustment: Issues and Program Suggestions. College Student Journal, 31(4), 473-479.
Lin, Y., Hsu, A., and Lai, P. (2011). Life Experiences of Overseas Chinese University Students in Taiwan. College Student Journal, 45(4), 793-805.
Marie Søndergaard, D. (2002). Poststructuralist approaches to empirical analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education (QSE), 15(2), 187-204.
McKenna, K. Y. A. and West, K. J. (2007). Give Me That Online-Time Religion: The Role of the Internet in Spiritual Life. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(2), 942-954.
McManners, J. (2002). Oxford Dictionary of Christianity. New York: Oxford University Press.
Mori, S. (2000). Addressing the mental health concerns of international students. Journal of Counseling and Development, 78, 137-144.
Mullikin, P. (2006). Religious and Spiritual Identity: The Impact of Gender, Family, Peers and Media Communication in Post-Adolescence. Journal of Communication & Religion, 29(1), 178-203. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Pals, D. L. (2006). Eight Theories of Religion (2nd ed.). New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Pawlowsky, P. (1994). Christianity. Pensylvania: Trinity Press International.
Pedersen, E. R., Neighbors, C., Larimer, M. E., and Lee, C. M. (2011). Measuring Sojourner Adjustment among American students studying abroad. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(6), 881-889.
Quan-Haase, A. and Young, A. L. (2010). Uses and Gratifications of Social Media: A Comparison of Facebook and Instant Messaging. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 30(5), 350-361.
Rheingold, H. (2000). The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier (Revised ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
Shimazono, S. (2004). From Salvation to Spirituality: The Popular Religious Movement in Modern Japan. Melbourne, Australia: Trans-Pacific Press.
Silverstone, R. and Haddon, L. (1996). Design and Domesticatin of ICTs: Technical Change and Everyday Life. In R. a. S. R. Mansel (Ed.), Communicating by Design: The Politics of Information and Communication Technologies. (pp. 44-74). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stafford, T. F., Stafford, M. R., & Schkade, L. L. (2004). Determining Uses and Gratifications for the Internet. Decision Sciences, 35(2), 259-288.
Tanaka, T., Takai, J., Kohyama, T., and Fujihara, T. (1994). Adjustment Patterns of International Students in Japan. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 18(1), 55-75.
The Holy Bible New King James Version. (1982). Nasville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson, Inc.
Toyokawa, T., and Toyokawa, N. (2002). Extracurricular Activities and the Adjustment of Asian International Students: A Study of Japanese Students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 26(4), 363-379.
Tsang, E. W. K. (2001). Adjustment of Mainland Chinese Academics and Students to Singapore. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25(4), 347-372.
van der Laan, J. M. (2009). How the Internet Shapes Religious Life, or the Medium Is Itself the Message. Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, 29(4), 272-277.
Wellman, B., Quan-Haase, A., Boase, J., Chen, W., Hampton, K., Díaz, I., and Miyata, K. (2003). The Social Affordances of the Internet for Networked Individualism. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 8(3).
Williams, C. T. and Johnson, L. R. (2011). Why Can’t We Be Friends?: Multicultural Attitudes And Friendships With International Students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(1), 41-48.
Wimmer, R. D. and Dominick, J. R. (2006). Mass Media Research: An Introduction. Boston: Wadsworth.
Ying, Y. (2005). Variation In Acculturative Stressors Over Time: A Study Of Taiwanese Students In The United States. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(1), 59-71.
Young, G. (2004). Reading and Praying Online: The Continuity in Religion Online and Online Religion in Internet Christianity. In Dawson, L and Cowan, D. (Eds.), Religion Online: Finding Faith on the Internet (pp. 93-106). New York: Routledge.
Zhang, J., and Goodson, P. (2011). Acculturation and Psychosocial Adjustment Of Chinese International Students: Examining Mediation and Moderation Effects. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(5), 614-627.
Online References
Clark, L., Hoover, S., and Rainie, L. Faith Online. Retrieved May 3, 2012, from Pew Internet & American Life Project http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2004/Faith-Online.aspx
Crosswalk.com. Retrieved June 12, 2012
Education, Ministry of. (2011). Retreived February 4, 2013 from http://english.moe.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1
Education, Ministry of. (2012). Retreived February 4, 2013 from http://english.moe.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1
England, Church of. Cybernauts Awake! Retrieved May 5, 2012 from http://www.starcourse.org/cybernauts/index.html
Foley, J. P. (2002). The Church and Internet. Pontifical Council for Social Communications. Speech during the Feast of the Chair of St. Peter the Apostle. Vatican City. Retrieved March 6, 2012 from http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20020228_church-internet_en.html
Larsen, E. (2000). Wired churches, wired temples: Taking congregations and missions into cyberspace Retrieved March 5, 2012, from Pew Internet and American Life Project http://www.pewinternet.org/~/media/Files/Reports/2000/PIP_Religion_Report.pdf.pdf
Larsen, E. (2001). Cyberfaith: How Americans Pursue Religion Online. Retrieved May 5, 2012, from Pew Internet and American Life Project http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2001/CyberFaith-How-Americans-Pursue-Religion-Online.aspx
Reed, H. G. (2007). Can the Church be the Church Online? Defining a Virtual Ecclesiology for Computer-Mediated Communities. Paper presented at the NCA 93rd Annual Convention, Chicago, Illinois. Retreived from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p189547_index.html |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
99461024
101 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0099461024 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [國際傳播英語碩士學程] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 102401.pdf | 1136Kb | Adobe PDF2 | 938 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
