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    Title: 雲端產業的策略行銷剖析:以IBM及HPQ為例
    Cloud computing industry strategic marketing analysis:IBM and HPQ study
    Authors: 吳宙穎
    Wu, Chou Ying
    Contributors: 邱志聖
    吳宙穎
    Wu, Chou Ying
    Keywords: 雲端服務
    雲端運算
    策略佈局
    策略行銷
    Cloud Computing Service
    Cloud Computing
    Strategic Planning
    Strategic Marking
    Date: 2011
    Issue Date: 2012-04-12 14:00:04 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 計算、儲存與傳輸技術自60年代就一直引領資通訊科技(Information and Communication Technology;ICT)產業的發展,隨著ICT技術不斷的創新與擴散,現今ICT產品已經廣泛溶入人類的經濟和社會生活中。近年來,ICT產業已成為全球最具活力、規模最大的產業之一。可預期的未來,資通訊科技將會是牽動全球經濟發展最重要的產業技術。
    台灣資通訊產業製造鏈相當完整,但是在全球ICT產業供應鏈的分工體系中大部份偏重在專業代工領域。面臨代工利潤的下滑,台灣ICT代工產業的前景已亮起嚴重的警訊。台灣產業在提供雲端運算服務的起步較晚,雲端運算服務市場的後進者如何從以ICT代工產業的角色轉進高附加價值的雲端運算服務市場,探討雲端運算服務市場的先行領導者之策略佈局將是相關後進者值得研究的議題。本研究將從通訊科技及電腦技術的演進來探究ICT提供雲端運算服務的本質,並藉由分析提供雲端運算服務之市場領導廠的策略佈局,探討初入雲端運算產業的後進者可行的佈局方向。藉此,希望能有助於雲端運算產業後進者對雲端運算服務更進一步的理解,並有助於ICT代工相關業者能在既有的技術下釐定發展策略,朝高附加價值雲端運算服務的方向邁進。
    此外,台灣ICT硬體代工產業多年來因專注於製造的專業,對買者需求面資訊的探討不多,亦較忽視對客戶的售後支援與服務等的專業。對雲端服務市場而言,買者的需求是業者能否提供完善雲端服務的最重要資訊。對提供雲端服務者而言,目前企業大多已疲於追求外顯成本的效益(Cost Down),對於釐定整體行銷策略的努力則稍有些不足。本研究將從策略行銷中4C分析理論出發,針對雲端運算買者的觀點與看法,提出雲端服務供應企業較為完整的行銷策略分析。研究中也將藉由4C策略行銷的資訊搜集、道德危機、及專屬陷入資產之成本分析,來分析一般企業較為忽略的內顯成本。文中並進一步探討如何使用策略行銷4C的理論,來探究雲端服務供應企業是否進入雲端市場之決策參考的基礎。
    本研究將探討全球大廠IBM與HPQ公司從硬體開發轉型至雲端服務的策略與過程,提供雲端運算服務後進業者的參考,藉此希望能協助企業有方向性與策略性的在未來雲端運算市場中佔有商機,擺脫長久低利代工的命運。相信,本研究之成果將可為企業未來發展全球化雲端服務的經營企圖,建立紮實的研究基礎。
    Computing, storage and communication technology keep leading Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development since 1960. Due to the innovation and diffusion of ICT, the ICT products have broadly dissolved in our economic and social life. Recently, ICT industry has already become the most vigorous and largest one in the world. In future, ICT is anticipated to be the most important technology, which keeps affecting the global economy development.
    Taiwan’s supply chain for the ICT industry overall is quite intact, but the majority corporates are focus on the OEM/ODM roles. For the gradually reduced profit got as playing the OEM/ODM’s roles in the ICT industry supply chain, Taiwan’s enterprises have sensed the warning message for their perspect due to the low profit return. Comparing with other countries, Taiwan’s industry entering the cloud computing industry is late. As one of the new comer for the cloud computing service industry, knowing how to transform the current ICT role (OEM/ODM) to be one of the high-value-added cloud computing service players, the leading enterprise’s strategic planning history will be a good cases study for those late new comers.
    This research starts from the technology history study of ICT to find out the essence of the cloud computing service, and also by studying the strategic planning of the cloud computing service market leaders to provide the proper strategic planning suggestion for the new comers. Look forwarding this research to help the new comers of the cloud computing industry to catch more global business management idea about this industry, and also can help the current ICT players based on what they owned competence to well plan the strategy for marching towards the higher-value-added clouds computing service industries.
    Moreover, in the past, for most of the ICT corporates for years are more focusing on the manufactureing compenetence than pre-study the buyers’ needs, and also focusing on the product launch than pays the needed efforts on watching the after-market needed sustaining activities. For the cloud computing service market, due to catch the buyer’s need will be crical and decides whether a supplier can provide the needed services or not. For years, most of the suppliers are more focusing on the cost-down activities than with less strategic planning approach method for the market. This research will base on the strategic marking 4C theory, from the buyer’s view of points, to provide the corporation more complete strategic marking analysis foundation. This research will also from the strategic marketing 4C analysis coverd topics: information collection, normal hazard, asset specificity cost point of view to study most the corporation neglect the hidden exchange costs. It will also go further study by using the strategic marketing analysis 4C theory to practice the decision making criteria as a method for a corporation evaluating whether to enter the cloud computing service market business or not.
    This research will do the case study of two global corporations, IBM and HPQ. Their strategic planning and the transformation from the hardware developers to be the cloud service suppliers are closer than others for those hardware makers planning entering the cloud computing business to reference. Look forward this research assisting certain enterprises directionally and strategically get the cloud computing business and get rid of the destiny for running the low-profit business as the OEM/ODM roles. Believe the result of research can bring the different view and needed foundation for Taiwan’s enterprises to develop their strategic business plan for entering the cloud computing business.
    "謝 辭 I
    摘 要 II
    Abstract IV
    目 錄 VII
    表目錄 VIII
    圖目錄 IX
    第一章 緒論 1
    第一節 研究背景與動機 3
    第二節 研究目的與範圍 4
    第三節 研究架構與流程 6
    第二章 文獻探討 7
    第一節 策略行銷4C理論與雲端運算服務 7
    第二節 策略行銷4C理論與企業經營 13
    第三章 雲端運算服務產業 15
    第一節 資通訊技術發展 15
    第二節 雲端運算服務產業特性探討 24
    第三節 雲端運算應用的未來發展 38
    第四章 策略行銷4C分析 43
    第一節 雲端運算服務需求者分析 43
    第二節 先行者策略行銷分析 – 以IBM為例 46
    第三節 後進者策略行銷分析 – 以HPQ為例 53
    第四節 綜合分析 61
    第五章 結論與建議 65
    第一節 研究結論 65
    第二節 研究建議 73
    參考文獻 76
    一、中文部份: 76
    二、英文部分: 79
    Reference: 一、中文部份:
    1. 王建翔(2010),”雲端運算是什麼?PaaS掀起平台戰火”,電子商務時報,2010/12/06。
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    16. 周秉誼(2009),“雲端運算平台—Hadoop”,台灣大學計算機及網路中心電子報,第0011期,2009/12/20。
    17. 彼德‧柯林斯(2008),”惠普之道–HP的成功傳奇”,德威國際文化,2008/02。
    18. 彼德‧寇韓(2005),”網路產業金字塔的獲利模式與企業定位”,麗勤管理顧問出版,德威國際文化。
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    21. 高秀娟(2008),”雲端運算之CRM服務”,國立交通大學管理學院碩士在職專班管理科學組。
    22. 馬克‧貝尼奧夫(2011),”我如何在雲端創業: Salesforce.com貝尼奧夫雲端創業書”,財信出版,2011/03。
    23. 黃正傑、劉楚慧、王義智、李震華(2011),”資訊服務與軟體市場發展趨勢”,資策會(MIC),2011/03。
    24. 黃瑩(2009),”IBM 首次在台公開雲端服務平台”,IBM 新聞稿,2009/11/02。
    25. 黃鋰與謝雨珊(2010),”探索雲端運算市場新商機”,拓墣產業研究所,2010/07。
    26. 黃銀豪(1999),”WWW科技引進影響組織管理績效之研究”,雲林科技大學資訊管理研究所碩士論文。
    27. 張旨華(2008),”科技化服務趨勢下資服業發展契機調查報告”,資策會FIND,2008/01。
    28. 陳瀅等(2010),”雲端策略:雲端運算與虛擬化”,天下雜誌,2010/12。
    29. 陳曉莉(2009),”分析機構一致看好雲端服務遠景”,http://www.ithome.com.tw/itadm/article.php?c=53957,2009/03/16。
    30. 勞勃‧史雷特(2000),”搶救IBM–葛斯納再造藍色巨人之路”,美商麥格羅‧希爾出版,2000/02。
    31. 彭康桓(2003),”雲端商業智慧服務策略之研究”,國立交通大學商學院經營管理碩士論文。
    32. 資策會FIND (2011),”2011台灣企業雲端運算服務需求調查分析報告”,資策會,2011/10。
    33. 資策會(2011),”MIC:2012年ICT產業將貼近「雲端」發展”,電子工程專集,http://www.eettaiwan.com/ ART_8800657472_622964_NT _d907e6b7.HTM。
    34. 經濟部技術處(2011),”99年度經濟部技術處科技專案活動專輯-「雲端新科技台灣明日產業」”,經濟部技術處,P43,2011/02。
    35. 網路資訊雜誌(2011),”[HP Innovate大會]:惠普四大雲端策略 積極部署亞太市場”,網路資訊雜誌,240期11月號。
    36. 管淑平/編譯(2010),”2020年生活富比世大預言”,自由時報,2010/04/15。
    37. 趙維義(2009),”雲端運算 虛擬成真”,經濟日報,2009/01/09。
    38. 鄭君仲(2009),”雲端運算+Mobile=未來生活關鍵報告”,數位時代,2009/12/07。
    39. 慕秋水/編譯(2011),”IBM開發類比人腦的晶片 取得重大進展”,大紀元時報,2011/10/27。
    40. 謝至恩(2011),”[HP Innovate大會]:惠普四大雲端策略積極部署亞太市場”,網路資訊雜誌,240期11月號,2011/11/04。
    41. Alexa Bona、Frank Ridder(2011),”雲端服務合約必備的七項條件”,網管人雜誌,2011/10/21。
    42. Erica Ogg(2008),”惠普139億美元收購EDS”,ZDNet,2008/05/14。
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    二、英文部分:
    1. Apache Hadoop. From: http://hadoop.apache.org
    2. ABI research (2010), Mobile Cloud Applications: Widgets and the Apps Dilemma for Smartphones, Netbooks, Media Tablets, and Connected Mobile Devices. From: http://www.abiresearch.com/research/1003385
    3. A Bhatia (1999), Customer Relationship Management. toolbox Portal for CRM.
    4. Chris Armer (2011), Cloud Computing vs. Grid Computing, August 2011.
    5. Cloud Security Alliance (2009), Security Guidance for Critical Areas of Focus in Cloud Computing. From: http://www.cloudsecurityalliance.org/guidance/csaguide.v2.1.pdf
    6. Dean and S. Ghemawat (2004), “MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters,” OSDI’04: The Sixth Symposium on Operating System Design and Implementation.
    7. D. Hamilton(2008), "Cloud computing` seen as next wave for technology investors.", Financial Post. From: http://www.financialpost.com/money/story.html?id=562877
    8. HPQ 2010 Annual Report, Pg.73-75.
    9. HPQ 2010 10-K Form, Pg.49.
    10. M. Harries (2009). IT in the Clouds. From:
    http://www.slideshare.net/michaelharriescitrix/cloud-computing-and-citrix-c3-july-2009.
    11. M. Armbrust, A. Fox, R. Griffith, A. D., Joseph, R. H. Katz, A. Kowinski., G. Lee, D.A. Patterson, A. Rabkin,I. Stoica, and M. Zaharia(2009), “Above the Clouds: Aberkeley View of Cloud Computing,” Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, No. UCB/EECS-2009-28. Feb. 10, 2009.
    12. Peter Mell and Timothy Grance (2011), The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, September 2011. From:
    http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf
    13. Robert P. Mahowald (2011), Market Analysis Perspective: Worldwide SaaS & Cloud Services 2010: New Models for Delivering Software.
    14. R. Buyya, C. S. Yeo, and S. Venugopal (2008), “Market-Oriented Cloud Computing: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering IT Services as Computing Utilities,” IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, pp.5-13, 2008.
    15. T. Abe (2005). What is service science? Tokyo: The Fujitsu Research Institute Economic Research Center.
    16. The Seven Standards of Cloud Computing Service Delivery. From:
    http://www.salesforce.com/assets/pdf/datasheets/SevenStandards.pdf.
    17. Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B., and Davis, F.D. (2003). "User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view." MIS Quarterly 27(3): 425-478.
    18. What is Web 2.0. From:
    http://tim.oreilly.com/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
    19. W. Vogels (2008), “A Head in Clouds- The Power of Infrastructure as a Service,” The First Workshop on Cloud Computing and in Applications. 2008.
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    96932023
    100
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096932023
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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