| Abstract: | 本研究是95年度研究計畫「亞洲多元宗教市場中的基督教與民主：台灣與南韓的比較」之後續研究計畫，以相同的理論、研究方法、但更多的資料庫，比較台灣、香港、新加坡這三個華人社會之基督教與民主。近十年來的個案研究發現，基督教（包括天主教）在這兩國的民主化過程中，突然開始扮演重要的角色。這些個案研究可能支持了Weber, Tocqueville以及Huntington的普遍論點，就是基督教與後梵諦岡-II的天主教，教導信徒民主的價值，並且鼓勵信徒的民主參與行為。這些研究與論點雖然具有說服力，但是至今尚未有統計比較研究結果，證明他們在華人多元宗教市場上的適用性。一般的華人信徒真如這些個案研究所示，認同民主價值與行為？這三國的基督徒會不會如其他傳統宗教受到儒家的影響？他們的基督徒會不會因為不同的歷史、政治、與宗教環境，而有不同的民主價值與行為？本計畫將使用Asia Barometer (2001-2003)以及即將出爐的World Value Survey 2005問卷調查為主，以田野訪問為輔，來檢驗這些議題。自變項為宗教與宗教虔誠度。應變項包括民主價值與民主行為的諸多變數，前者有對於制度的信任、民主合法性、對於民主的喜好、政治效能感、民主/威權價值、以及對於民主程序規範的認同。後者包括社會資本、政治參與、政黨認同、以及投票行為等。控制變數包括性別、年齡、教育、收入、和族群。使用的統計技術為交叉表、二元邏輯模型、以及OLS回歸模型。最後並加上跨年的比較，以觀察與比較各國的發展趨勢。
This research plan is a continuation of my 2005 NSC project 「Christianity and Democracy in Asian Pluralist Religious Markets: Taiwan and South Korea.」 It employs the same theories and research methodologies, but more datasets to compare the relationships between Christianity and Democracy in the three Chinese societies of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. Case studies of the past decades on Hong Kong and Singapore have found that Christianity (including Catholicism) suddenly played a critical role in the political democratization of these two countries. These case studies might confirm Max Weber』s Alex de Tocqueville』s and Samuel P. Huntington』s general arguments that Christianity and the post-Vatican II Catholicism indoctrinate democratic values to their believers and encourage their democratic participation. Persuasive as they are, no comparative statistical study has been conducted to validate these claims in these Chinese pluralistic religious markets. Are the average Chinese Christians committed to democratic values and behavior as are the exemplary cases cited by case studies? Are Christians in these countries similar to other religious believers due to the pervasive influence of Confucianism? Are Christians of these Chinese societies different from one another due to different historical, political, and religious environments? This project will examine these questions against the Asia Barometer (2001-2003) data and the forthcoming World Value Survey data (2005), complemented by field interview data. The independent variables are religion and religiosity. Dependent variables include democratic value variables and democratic behavior variables. The former include trust in institutions, democratic legitimacy and preference for democracy, efficacy and citizen empowerment, democratic vs. authoritarian values, and belief in procedural norms of democracy. Democratic behavior variables include social capital, political participation, party identification and voting behavior. Statistical control variables include gender, age, education, income, and ethnicity. Crosstabulations, binary logistic models, and OLS regression models are applied to these variables. Finally, longitudinal comparisons are conducted to observe and compare national development trends. |
