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    政大機構典藏 > 文學院 > 歷史學系 > 期刊論文 >  Item 140.119/44748


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    題名: 1926-1929年中比修約案研究
    其他題名: A Study of Treaty Revision Negotiations between China and Belgium, 1926-1929
    作者: 唐啟華
    Tang, Chi-Hua
    貢獻者: 政大歷史系
    關鍵詞: 中比修約;情勢變遷;常設國際法庭;顧維鈞;王正廷
    Sino-Belgian Treaty Revision;rebus sic stantibus;Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague;Wellington Koo;Cheng-ting Wang
    日期: 2006-12
    上傳時間: 2010-09-21 13:19:46 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 1865年《中比條約》修約案是北洋末期「到期修約」政策的試金石，北京政府依據「情勢變遷」原則及條約中之修約條款，要求到期修約，遭到比利時拒絕後，斷然宣布舊約終止，成為中國外交史上第一個片面宣布失效的舊約。比利時政府向海牙常設國際法庭提出訴訟，北京外交部力謀對策，不久雙方妥協，展開修約談判，並完成草約。北京外交部雖未能訂立中比新約，但是已經確立舊約「期滿作廢」之先例，爭取到比利時依據「平等互惠尊重主權」原則談判新約，也渡過了常設國際法庭法理爭議的難關，為南京國民政府之改訂新約，奠定了堅實的基礎。北伐完成後，南京國民政府繼續與比剎時議訂第一個友好通商條約，但引起朝野廣泛質疑與討論。 1926-1929年中比修約研究，顯現了北伐前後中國外交發展脈絡，從北洋末期「到期修約」、「到期修改期滿作廢」到南京初期「改訂新約」的演變歷程「修約」、「廢約」兩條路線逐漸合流，北洋與南京政府外交的連續性相當明顯，有助於學界擺脫過去「革命史觀」對外交史的曲解。
    The treaty revision negotiations over the Sino-Belgian Treaty of 1865 were the touchstone of the Peking Government`s treaty revision policy. The Peking government deemed that treaty as unequal and raised the issue according to the treaty revision clause and rebus sic stantibus principle. After the Belgian government`s rejection, Peking government announced that the treaty was terminated, and Belgium claimed China`s deed unlawful to the Permanent Court of International Justice at The Hague. Soon after, both parties compromised and started to negotiate a new treaty based on principles of equality and mutual respect for territorial sovereignty. A draft was reached but formal treaty not completed before the fall of the Peking government. The Nanking government took over the negotiations, and a new treaty was signed soon afterwards. These negotiations were important for the understandings of the diplomatic strategies between Peking and Nationalist governments over revision or abrogation the so-called Unequal Treaties. That also was important for its demonstration of the continuity between Peking and Nanking diplomacy.
    關聯: 二○世紀後半葉人文社會學術研討會
    資料類型: article
    顯示於類別:[歷史學系] 期刊論文

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