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    Title: 最低稅負制對營利事業有效稅率之影響-以北區國稅局所轄為例
    The impact of the alternative minimum tax on corporate effective Tax Rates:Evidence from the National Tax Administration of Northern Taiwan Province
    Authors: 邱美萍
    Chiu, Mei Ping
    Contributors: 黃智聰
    Huang, Jr Tsung
    邱美萍
    Chiu, Mei Ping
    Keywords: 最低稅負制
    營利事業
    有效稅率
    Alternative Minimum Tax
    Corporation
    Effective Tax Rate
    Date: 2008
    Issue Date: 2010-04-09 18:11:08 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 政府為促進產業發展,採行各項租稅減免措施,導致租稅減免範圍擴增、稅基流失,且減免利益集中少數納稅義務人之租稅負擔不公平情形。自2006年1月1日起施行「所得基本稅額條例」,通稱「最低稅負制」,對於過度享有租稅減免優惠者,課徵一定比率最低稅負,以制衡現行課稅制度所存在的缺失。
    本研究利用財政部臺灣省北區國稅局所轄之營利事業2004年至2007年所得稅結算申報資料進行相關分析:最低稅負制之稅收主要係來自享有較多租稅減免優惠之電子資訊業、半導體光電業,及具有較多證期交易所得之金融保險業,且多為大型企業及採會計師簽證申報案件者;實際受最低稅負制影響之營利事業僅約占總申報件數0.18%以下,產業間租稅負擔不公平情形稍獲得改善。最低稅負制實施之第一年,繳納最低稅負稅額主要係加回證期交易所得,且其適用投資抵減稅額之比例亦相當高;在第二年度,營利事業可能較具學習效果,而減少其出售證期交易之所得,並調整免稅所得及投資抵減稅額之適用。另透過實證模型,可知研發費用、出售土地所得及屬會計師簽證申報案件者與有效稅率為負向影響;總資產報酬率與有效稅率為正向影響,最低稅負制會隨著實施時間之久遠,有漸進提高有效稅率之顯著效果。此外,若最低稅負制之稅基納入出售土地所得後,估計2006年及2007年分別可增加稅收約0.41億元及1.08億元,有助提高財稅收入及符合租稅公平原則。
    For improving industrial development, R.O.C. government took various tax concession measures, which resulted in an increasing taxation relief category, a fading taxation basis, as well as the unfair tax burden which results in the tax concession was concentrated on a few specific taxpayers. The Income Basic Tax Act, effective on January 1st of 2006, is generally known as “the Alternative Minimum Tax ” (the AMT), which imposing a fixed-rated minimum tax on those who excessively apply preferential tax concessions, in order to rectify the current inadequacy of taxation system within.
    This study utilized the corporation income tax return forms data processed by the National Tax Administration of Northern Taiwan Province, Ministry of Finance, R.O.C., from year 2004 to 2007, in order to engage in relevant analysis content as following: The revenue from the AMT is mainly from those who applied more preferential tax concessions firms in, such as, electronics information industry, semiconductor and optoelectronics industry, as well as those firms of finance and insurance industry that high proportion of whose earning is composed from securities and futures capital gains, and most of these are large corporations and verified by CPAs. The percentage of firms actually impacted by the AMT is around 0.18% weak of all income tax return forms, so that the tax burden unfairness is slightly being improved. In the first effective year of the AMT, the minimum obligation tax amount mainly was by adding back the capital gains of securities and futures transactions, in which a high percentage to apply for investment tax credit category. In the second effective year, corporations might have higher learning efficiency, and they reduced their securities and futures capital gains as well as adjusted amounts on income tax concession and investment tax credit categories. Furthermore, by the demonstrated model, we knew that there is a negative correlation between Effective Tax Rate and—R&D expenses, gains on land transactions, and the income tax return forms verified by CPAs; there is a positive correlation between Effective Tax Rate and Totaled Assets Rate of Return. We also learned that the AMT would gradually increase the conspicuous impact on Effective Tax Rate as time goes by. In addition, it is assumed that the AMT subsumed gains on land transactions under the income tax basis, the tax revenue estimated may increase approximately 0.41 hundred million and 1.08 hundred million dollars in year 2006 and 2007 respectively, and this tax assumption may be beneficial for increasing tax revenue and on the fair taxation principle.
    Reference: 一、中文部分
    余慧娟(2007),《最低稅負制實施前後我國上市上櫃公司有效稅率之相關研究》。臺中:私立逢甲大學財稅研究所碩士論文。
    林文義(2006),《最低稅負制對公司稅負影響之研究─以臺灣五十指數成分股為例》。臺北:國立臺灣大學經濟學研究所碩士論文。
    林世銘(2005),「兩稅合一何去何從?-我國實施最低應納稅額之研究(下)」,《會計研究月刊》,231,頁109-121。
    林世銘(2005),「兩稅合一何去何從?-我國實施最低應納稅額之研究(上)」,《會計研究月刊》,230,頁108-117。
    林世銘、陳明進、葛克昌、朱澤民(2005),《建立我國所得稅最低稅負制度之研究》,財政部賦稅署委託研究報告。
    林華德(2000),《財政學要義》。臺北:大中國圖書公司,八版。
    侯宜廷(2007),《最低稅負制對我國上市(櫃)公司稅負影響之研究》。臺北:國立政治大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
    洪瑞隆(2005),《營利事業所得稅與最低稅負制之研究》。臺北:國立臺灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
    孫克難(2007),「最低稅負制與保留盈餘加徵對中小企業之影響」,《財稅研究》,39(3),頁36-54。
    財政部編印(2006),《所得基本稅額條例疑義解答》,2006年8月。
    曹美華(2005),《最低稅負制度影響營利事業所得稅之模擬研究—以臺灣省北區國稅局為範圍》。桃園:私立中原大學會計研究所碩士論文。
    陳明進(2002),「營利事業有效稅率決定因素之實證研究」,《會計評論》,34,頁57-75。
    陳明進(2007),「兩稅合一實施前後公司有效稅率之研究-上市櫃公司與非上市櫃公開發行公司之比較」,《財稅研究》,39(5),頁41-61。
    陳明進、林世銘、張天勳(2001),「證券及土地交易所得免稅對我國公司有效稅率之影響」,《中華會計學刊》,2(1),頁33-56。
    曾巨威(2004),「最低稅負制對我國租稅改革的啟示」,《國政評論》,財金(評)093-059號。
    曾巨威(2007),「企業所得稅制改革的真相:過去與現在」,《國政評論》,財金(評)096-148號。
    曾巨威、朱琇妍(2004),「最低稅負制之介紹與相關問題研究」,《財稅研究》,36(6),頁14-33。
    黃銘啓(2006),《最低稅負制對營利事業影響之模擬研究》。臺北:國立政治大學會計學研究所碩士論文。
    劉啟群、林世銘、黃德芬(2001),「臺灣上市公司有效稅率決定因素之研究」,《中華會計學刊》,2(1),頁57-84。
    蔡靜文(2002),《兩稅合一前後我國上市上櫃公司有效稅率之研究》。臺北:私立文化大學會計研究所碩士論文。
    謝耀智、蘇麗雀(2006),「我國公司規模與有效稅率關係之研究」,《財稅研究》,38(4),頁65-109。
    二、英文部分
    Gupta, S. and K. Newberry (1997), “Determinants of the Variability in Corporate Effect Tax Rates: Evidence from Longitudinal Data, ” Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 16, 1-34.
    Hill, C. R., W. E. Griffiths, and G. G. Judge (2001), Undergraduate Econometrics. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Porcano, T. (1986), “Corporate Tax Rates: Progressive, Proportional, or Regressive,” The Journal of the American Taxation Association, (7)2, 17-31.
    Siegfried, J. (1974), “Effective Average U.S. Corporation Income Tax Rates,” National Tax Journal, 27(2), 245-259.
    Stickney, C. and V. McGee (1982), “Effective Corporate Tax Rates: The Effect of Size, Capital Intensity, Leverage, and Other Factors,” Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 1(2), 125-152.
    Zimmerman, J. (1983), “Taxes and Firm Size,” Journal of Accounting and Economics, 5(2), 119-149.
    三、網站網址部分
    財政部電子申報繳稅服務網站網址
    http://tax.nat.gov.tw
    財政部財稅資料中心網站網址
    http://www.fdc.gov.tw
    黃智聰教授網站網址
    http://www3.nccu.edu.tw/~jthuang /CH3.pdf
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    行政管理碩士學程
    96921044
    97
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0096921044
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文

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