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    Title: 管制治理模式之研究:歐美運作經驗與對我國的啟示
    Authors: 胡至沛
    Contributors: 施能傑
    胡至沛
    Keywords: 管制改革
    管制治理
    獨立管制機關
    管制影響分析
    regulatory reform
    regulatory governance
    independent regulatory agency
    regulatory impact analysis
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 15:41:38 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 過去二十多年來,不論是OECD或非OECD的會員國,都致力於所謂的「管制改革」,以確保政府具有高品質的管制治理能力,然而反觀我國的情況,對於管制改革的觀念多半停留在解除管制階段,並且普遍缺乏解除管制後的專責管制機關。因此,本研究希望透過歐美經驗的比較分析,試圖釐清下列的問題:
    一、管制改革真正意涵為何?與傳統的政府管制有何不同?
    二、管制治理的主要興起背景為何?當中有何特色?
    三、各國政府如何提升管制政策的治理能力?有無共同的制度設計?
    四、歐美等國所呈現的運作經驗,對於我國有何種啟示?以及學習之處?

    此外,本研究藉由檢閱相關文獻與比較分析,期望能達成以下的研究目的:
    一、經由文獻分析,說明歐美各國為何要進行管制改革的原因、管制改革的實質意義,如何透過相關制度的設計,提升本身的治理能力與政策品質。
    二、以歸納分析的方式說明管制治理意義,建構民主取向的良善管制治理所必須具備的要件。
    三、藉由比較分析,參照英美與歐盟在此方面的運作經驗,針對我國再進行相關制度設計與實務運作,提出一些省思與建議。
    總之,本研究主要是探討在管制改革風潮下,所呈現的政府治理型態轉變,以及詳述英、美與歐盟等國的運作經驗,以比較方式分析出當中的異同,並且對照我國的發展情況,提出相關的建議,並且大致上可以分為三個部分:首先、說明管制治理模式的興起背景,發現1980年代末期因財政困境所導致的政府失靈,以及人民對於政府的不信任,兩者是管制治理模式轉變的重要背景因素;其次、歐美的管制治理運作經驗分析,並且分別從發展歷程、課責機制、諮詢制度,以及影響分析等四個角度,詳述其主要內涵與可能遭遇的問題;最後、透過比較分析與經驗對照,分別說明對我國產生何種啟示,以及未來在制度設計與發展上有那些值得學習與參考之處。
    經由文獻的分析、歐美等國的經驗說明,以及闡述我國的現況與問題,本章先針對前述治理模式背景與歐美運作經驗等部分,歸納整理相關的研究發現;其次,參照歐美等國的發現,就我國目前所進行的革新作法,提出一些思考方向與建議;最後,針對本研究的不足之處進行檢討,指出後續可行的研究方式與重點。
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