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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/35075


    Title: 能力分配、國際分工與生產模式之研究
    Authors: 謝中興
    Contributors: 江永裕
    林柏生


    謝中興
    Keywords: 能力分配
    可分割生產技術
    垂直整合
    垂直分工
    所得分配
    國際貿易
    Date: 2004
    Issue Date: 2009-09-18 14:06:01 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本論文由三篇相關的文章所組成，第一篇文章討論勞動能力分配如何影響國際分工的型態，可分割生產技術的採用對所得分配的影響，以及國際貿易在這當中所扮演的角色。第二篇文章分析開放體系下，廠商滿足大眾訴求的核心能力和生產模式間的關係。第三篇文章建構動態的產業調整模型，分析廠商的異質性在生產模式的變遷過程中所扮演的角色，以及國際貿易如何進一步影響產業的調整時徑。
    第一篇文章以一般均衡的異質性勞動模型，探討國際垂直分工的比較利益來源，以及從整合生產到國際垂直分工的經濟效果。各財的產出受象徵知識與經驗的勞動能力所影響，異質性最終財的生產涉及勞動能力邊際生產力遞增，與線性技術兩種不同性質的生產任務。在整合生產，兩種任務需一起執行，勞動能力在不同任務間具有模組互補的現象；在可分割生產時，不同的任務可以獨立由不同的生產單位執行，因此可以分地進行生產。第一篇文章的主要結論是：1. 國際垂直分工的比較利益來自於兩國勞動能力的絕對差異，或分配上的相對差異，這與傳統資源秉賦理論的精神相符；2. 當生產技術由不可分割演進到可分割時，兩國的所得分配均更為惡化，國際分工進一步影響兩國的所得分配。
    第二篇文章探討最終廠商在消費價值創造上所擁有的核心優勢強弱，與其最適生產模式的關係。最終財廠商將一單位的中間投入，輔以消費價值的創造，才能將所得到的最終財銷售給消費者，而消費價值的創造直接反映在消費的效用水準。對於中間投入，最終廠商需決定整合生產或委外分工，二者均需考慮南北的區位選擇。企業家在決定其生產模式時面臨以下兩難問題：首先，垂直分工的價值來自供應商的專業經營，但除不完全契約問題外，還需要額外的固定成本。其次，在區位選擇方面，南國的工資水準較低，但組織成本要比北國高。本文說明在創造消費價值創造上所擁有的專業能力不同，上述兩難問題的得失輕重也有所不同。此外，關於國際委外的組織成本下降如何影響國際委外活動之進行，以及對各階層所得的影響，本文也提供相當直覺的剖析。
    第三篇文章建構動態的產業調整模型，分析廠商的異質性在生產模式的變遷過程中所扮演的角色，以及國際貿易如何進一步影響產業的調整時徑。當中，最終廠商在滿足大眾訴求的專業能力各不相同。廠商可以將生產工序標準化為可交易的中間財，並與專業供應商垂直分工。委外分工可以降低生產成本，但也存在隨時間遞減的調適成本，最終廠商要決定的是最適化的調整時點。這篇文章的主要結論是：1. 對消費大眾愈具吸引力的廠商，調整生產模式的時點愈早；
    2. 國際貿易同時具有催化延緩產業調整時徑的作用，開放體系下，外銷廠商的調整時點較封閉體系早，內銷廠商較封閉體系晚；3. 互惠性的降低貿易障礙或技術進步所致的貿易成本下降，將使外銷廠商的調整時點提前，內銷廠商則延後。
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    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    國際經營與貿易研究所
    87351501
    93
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0087351501
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[Department of International Business] Theses

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