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    Title: 台灣政治衝突與經濟成長之關係
    The Relationship between Political Conflict and Economic Growth in Taiwan
    Authors: 黃依偉
    HUANG, YI-WEI
    Contributors: 黃智聰
    黃依偉
    HUANG, YI-WEI
    Keywords: 台灣
    政治衝突
    經濟成長
    Taiwan
    Political Conflict
    Economic Growth
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-19 15:18:58 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 自1987年7月15日台灣宣佈解除戒嚴後,開放黨禁與報禁,民主開始蓬勃發展,人民也有充分表達意見自由的機會,而2000年3月總統大選後,台灣第一次發生政黨輪替,並首次出現少數政府,自此之後,執政黨與在野黨即經常性的發生衝突情形。2001年,更是台灣史上第一次 -2.17%的經濟成長率,瑞士洛桑國際管理學院(IMD)公布2006年世界競爭力排名為第18名,較2005年退步了7個名次,其中在全球61個評比的經濟體中,「政治不穩定風險」評比為第58名,實在有檢討的空間。
    本文的研究目的,在於以1990 至2005台灣的選舉結果及國內生產毛額(GDP)成長率的時間序列季資料(quarterly time-series data),搭配計量模型的估計,探討台灣政治勢力的衝突(以泛藍與泛綠得票比率差距表示)對於國家整體經濟成長有何影響?最後,藉由研究政治衝突對立之程度對總體經濟成長之影響,研究提出具體政策及建議。本文主要的研究發現,政治衝突將顯著影響台灣經濟成長。換言之,當台灣政治衝突情形越激烈(即藍綠兩陣營支持度差距越小時),經濟成長率將會越低。此外,政府支出成長、投資成長與出口成長,也是影響台灣經濟成長的主要原因。
    另外本文利用2001年的時間虛擬變數,探討一般認為2001年可能因結構性變動之關係,而造成當年度經濟成長率的下降。結果顯示在本估計式中支持這樣的假說,也就是在2001年確實有其它因素導致當年度經濟成長相對低於其他各年度之情形。
    Taiwan’s democracy has developed dramatically and its people have gotten opportunities to freely express themselves since the KMT(Kuo Min Tong, the nationalist party from mainland china) government released the prohibition on the founding of political parties and the granting of newspaper licenses on July 15, 1987. Authority rests with a minority government since the DPP came into power. Conflicts between the opposition and ruling parties in Taiwan have been increasing since the Presidential election in March, 2000. For the first time Taiwan’s economy growth declined about 2.17% in 2001. In 2006, Taiwan’s economy was ranked as the 18th most competitive in the world by the International Institute for Management Development in Switzerland (IMD), degraded 7 positions in 2005. In addition, Taiwan’s political stability ranked 58th among the 61 countries in the above research study. As a result, the author is attempting to research how the political conflicts influence the economy.
    This research uses a model that estimates the election’s economic impact by combining Taiwanese election results with quarterly time-series ratios from Taiwan’s 1990 to 2005 GDP. The research focuses on how political conflicts impact overall economic growth in Taiwan. The survey used the difference between the ratio of votes for two political groups—the pan-blue and pan-green camps. Conclusions from the data found a low economic growth in the periods of intense political conflict. Moreover, economic growth is influenced by various factors, including overall government expenditures, investments and exports.
    Since the 2001 economic decline was so precipitous, this analysis adopted a time variable and used 2001’s data for comparison. Of course, various factors might have caused 2001’s low economic growth rate, but the original hypothesis was supported by the reckon estimating type.
    Reference: 一、中文文獻
    成名(2003),《民主對經濟發展的影響:可供香港參考的比較性質經驗和教訓》,香港民主研討會-民主、繁榮與穩定。
    李文政(1998),「經濟發展對政治穩定性的影響」,《新竹師院學報》(新竹),第11期,頁365-390。
    李青蓉、李堯賢、林怡芯(2002),「臺灣政府支出規模與經濟成長之研究」,《臺灣經濟金融月刊》(台北),38(4),頁53-69。
    李顯峰、陳紹容(2003),《台灣地區經濟成長與政治變遷之研究》,桃園:國立中央大學台灣經濟發展中心論文。
    吳中書(2006),「2006臺灣經濟情勢總展望」,《經濟預測》,(台北),頁141-142。
    周育仁(2006),「新內閣之困境與挑戰」,《臺灣民主季刊》(台北),3(1),頁105-110。
    周陽山(2005),「三合一大選選舉結果的整體分析」,《臺灣民主季刊》(台北),第二卷,第四期,頁 127-34。
    范芝萍(2000),《政府規模、外貿、投資與經濟成長的因果關係—臺灣之實證研究》,國立台北大學經濟學系碩士論文。
    許義忠、李建強(2005),「公共支出、金融發展與台灣經濟成長」,《商管科技季刊》(台北),6(4),頁677-699。
    高安邦、黃智聰(2004),《政治民主化與經濟發展-台灣的實証研究》(台北),行政院國家科學委員會。
    張清溪、許嘉棟、劉鶯釧與吳聰敏(1995),「經濟學-理論與實際」下冊,(臺北),三版,頁15-48。
    連國揚(1995),《發展理論的實踐:臺灣政經發展之研究,1950-1996 》,台中:東海大學政治學系碩士論文。
    陳智華(2005),「政府消費性支出與經濟成長」,《經濟論文》(台北,中央研究院經濟研究所),33(1),頁67-101。
    黃仁德、羅時萬(2001) ,《現代經濟成長理論》,台北:華泰文化事業股份有限公司,頁184。
    黃登源(1998),《應用迴歸分析》,台北:華泰文化事業股份有限公司,頁144、218。
    傅恆德(1998),「民主政治與經濟均富-跨國實証的比較研究」,《東海學報-社會科學學院》(台中),39(17),頁97-118。
    楊永明(2004),「台灣民主化與台灣安全保障」,《臺灣民主季刊》,1(3),頁1-23。
    鄭靜芬、李堯賢、林怡芯(2001),「我國政府核心支出與經濟成長之研究」,《臺灣銀行季刊》(台北),52(4),頁18-34。
    趙永茂(2006),「新內閣與朝野互動之展望-兼談未來憲政改革等問題」,《臺灣民主季刊》(台北),3(1),頁117-124。
    蕭新煌(2006),「蘇內閣表現與朝野互動的觀察」,《臺灣民主季刊》(台北),3(1),頁111-116。
    二、英文文獻
    Abeyratne, S. (2004), “Economic Roots of Political Conflict:The Case of Sri Lanka.” Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 1295-1314.
    Alesina, A. & G. Tabellini (1989), “External Debt, Capital Flight and Political Risk.” Journal of International Economics, 27, 199-220.
    Alesina, A. & G. Tabellini (1990), “A Positive Theory of Fiscal Deficits and Government Debt.” Review of Economic Studies, 57, 403-414.
    Alesina, A., S. Özler, N. Roubini & P. Swagel (1992), “Political Instability and Economic Growth.” Journal of Economic Growth, 1, 189-212.
    Alesina, A. & R. Perotti (1996), “Income Distribution, Political Instability, and Investment.” European Economic Review, 4, 1203-1228.
    Cukierman, A., S. Edwards & G. Tabellini (1992), “Seignorage and Political Instability.” American Economic Review, 82, 537-555.
    Darby, J., C. W. Li & V. A. Muscatelli (2000), “Political Uncertainty, Public Expenditure and Growth.” CESifo Working Paper No. 310.
    Feng, Yi (2003), “Democracy, Governance, and Economic Performance: Theory and Evidence.” MIT Press 2003.
    Grossman, H. (1991), “A General Equilibrium Model of Insurrections.” American Economic Review, 81, 912-921.
    Hill, R. C., W. E. Griffiths & G. G. Judge (2001), Undergraduate Econometrics. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
    Huntington, S. (1968), “Political Order in Changing Societies.” Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.
    Huntington, S. & J. Dominguez (1975), “Political Development, in F. Greenstein and N. Polsby(eds.) ” Handbook of Political Science, 3 Macropolitical Theory, Reading , Mass.: Addison Wesley, 1-114.
    Özler, S. & G. Tabellini (1991), “External Debt and Political Instability.” NBER Working Paper No. 3772.
    Quan V. Le (2000),“Optimal Fiscal Policy in an Economy Facing Socio-Political Instability.” WoPEc Working Paper:2000-60.
    Shleifer, A. & R. W. Vishny (1991), “Reversing the Soviet Economic Collapse (in Symposium on the Soviet Economy after Communism).” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 1991, 341-360.
    Tabellini, G. & A. Alesina (1990), “Voting on the Budget Deficits.” American Economic Review, 80, 37-49.
    Terrones, G., D. W. McLaughlin, E. A. Overman & A. J. Pearlstein (1990), “Stability and Bifurcation of Spatially Coherent Solutions of the Damped-Driven NLS Equation.” SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 50, 791-818.
    三、網站資料
    中華民國統計資訊網,http://www.stat.gov.tw/。
    民主進步黨網站,http://www.dpp.org.tw。
    行政院主計處網站,http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/。
    經濟部網站,http://www.moea.gov.tw/。
    聯合新聞網,http://udn.com/NEWS/main.html。
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    行政管理碩士學程
    93921012
    94
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0093921012
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文

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