Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/32950
|
| Title: | 復原力的力量： 個人與來自家庭、學校脈絡中的保護機制對青少年憂鬱症狀改變之影響
Resilient Outcome：The Impacts of Self-Esteem and Protective Mechanisms in Family and School Contexts on Trajectories of Adolescent Depressive Symptoms |
| Authors: | 黃鈺婷
Huang,Yu Ting |
| Contributors: | 林邦傑
王鍾和
黃鈺婷
Huang,Yu Ting |
| Keywords: | 青少年
憂鬱症狀軌跡
復原力
自尊
保護機制
潛在成長曲線模型
Adolescence
Depressive symptoms
Trajectory
Self-esteem
Protective mechanism
Latent Growth Curve Model |
| Date: | 2006 |
| Issue Date: | 2009-09-17 14:56:22 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究採用一項有關青少年成長與發展調適問題的長期貫時性追蹤資料(1996-1999)，試圖突破過去討論青少年憂鬱症狀發展時，所用之横斷式資料的囿限，嘗試應用潛在成長曲線模型(Latent growth curve model, LGC Model)的分析方法，加入歷史時間的縱深，捕捉青少年憂鬱症狀的「起始狀態」、與「個別的成長軌跡發展」。以不扭曲地將所有受試青少年在三年間的內化症狀變化情形，忠實地描述出來。而後，加入「改變」因素的討論，企圖尋找能影響青少年憂鬱症狀發展軌跡的關鍵機制。
此研究主要目的即在「具象化」復原力的理論觀點，企圖加入動態的時間面向，確認負向生活事件與青少年憂鬱症狀發展軌跡之間的因果關聯，並探討來自個人、與環境脈絡中的關係運作，對青少年憂鬱症狀平均數、變化方向與速率的跨時間影響。研究結果明確回答：為什麼有些青少年在受到憂鬱症狀的負向影響之後，尚能有回復機會並「表現地比預期好」的疑問。至於針對一群憂鬱症狀發展呈現改善、或惡化的少數青少年樣本，在性別、自尊、負向生活事件、家庭親子互動、學校好朋友關係等特性上的差異，本研究亦逐一說明。
在理論層次上，本項研究結合適切的研究方法，從「靜態」到「動態」地觀察青少年的身心發展、自「個人」到「家庭系統內外」討論內外在資源對青少年復原的短暫以及長久影響效果，並以一般青少年為研究對象的作法，擴增了復原力理論的推論範疇與解釋深廣。研究顯示，青少年的「改善」或「惡化」憂鬱症狀發展軌跡，確實在環境脈絡的節制之下，存在著個別差異。此外，青少年起始的憂鬱狀態並不影響憂鬱症狀軌跡發展的變化率。家庭經濟不利這項負向生活事件，對於青少年憂鬱症狀的預測，只呈現短暫的初始影響。自尊和好朋友關係皆是青少年可以主動建構與可為之舉，為兩個最重要能影響青少年憂鬱症狀變化的關鍵因素。至於學校脈絡，則可視為在家庭脈絡之外，能提供青少年憂鬱症狀改變效果的新路徑，以及讓青少年可以順利「轉大人」之雙重機會的結構因素。
Using data derived from a panel study (1996-1999) of long-term Taiwanese adolescent development and adaptation, this study intended to break through the limitations of cross-sectional studies, which plagued past studies of adolescents’ developing depressive symptoms. By employing the Latent Growth Curve Model (LGC Model), this study mainly attempted to feature the individual initial status and the trajectory of every adolescent’s developmental depressive symptoms, which concerned about the important functions of the dynamic historical time and space on youth internalizing symptoms, for the research purpose to reflect the real resilient outcome each adolescent displayed. Besides, in order to understand the key factors that were taken as positive and effective mechanisms to influence the initial status and rates of changes on youth trajectories of depressive symptoms, several latent constructs such as self-esteem and protective factors developed from family and school contexts were taken into accounts. Further, specified characteristics were noted to highlight the basic differences gradually showed between resilient improved adolescents and worsen ones.
A positive-psychological stance was taken as the leading research perspective in this study. The results shows that familial economic hardship only affects the initial status of adolescent depressive symptoms, implying that this negative event just had a short-term effect on youth’s psychological well beings. Those who were initially vulnerable to familial negative event had opportunity to become resilient over time. As to the protective factors, self-esteem and cohesive good-friendship were two crucial facets adolescents could actively construct and make efforts for further resilient performances to be better than expected.
The analyzing results indicated, interestingly, that parent-child relationship early obtained in family context and adolescent’s satisfaction with parenting merely counted for the initial impact on adolescent trajectories of depressive symptoms. Concerns and cohesive relationships acquired in school contexts, especially in classes, provided dual chances for adolescents to become resilient in a long run. |
| Reference: | 中文部份
刁曼蓬、陳名君(2004)。人生殺手憂鬱症。天下雜誌，130-142。
李澄賢(2003)。大學生的情緒調節、調節焦點、樂觀與創造力之關係。國立政治大學教育系研究所碩士論文，台北。
吳齊殷(2000)。家庭結構、教養實施與青少年的行為問題。台灣社會學研究，4，51-95。
吳齊殷、李文傑(2003)。青少年憂鬱症狀與偏差行為併發之關係機制。台灣社會學，6，119-175。
余民寧(2006)。潛在變項模式—SIMPLIS的應用。台北：高等教育。
邱一峰(1995)。國中生憂鬱傾向及其相關因素之研究：性別、年級、家庭狀況、鬱卒、憂鬱與尋求幫助、自殺傾向之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。
邱鈺茹(1999)。青少年之生活事件與憂鬱症狀。國立台灣大學流行病學研究所碩士論文，台北。
邱怡瑜(2001)。家庭暴力經驗對青少年性格影響之相關研究。國立中正大學犯罪防治研究所碩士論文，台北。
邱皓政(2003)。結構方程模：LISREL的理論技術與應用。台北：雙葉書廊。
林正修(1996)。某醫學中心家庭醫學科門診病患憂鬱症之盛行率與相關因素的探討。國立台灣大學公共衛生研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。
林祐誠(2004)。幽谷中的盼望—探索憂鬱青少年走向復原的生命歷程。國立台北大學社會工作學系碩士論文，台北。
俞筱鈞(1995)。中華民國兒童堅毅力量表常模之建立。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究。NSC83-0301-H034-008。
紀怡如(2001)。國中生依附關係、壓力知覺與其因應策略之相關研究。國立屏東師範學院教育心理與輔導研究所，屏東。
紀雅芬(1998)。婚姻暴力、依附關係、因應策略與青少年健康關係之研究。靜宜大學青少年兒童福利學系碩士論文，未出版，台中。
胡淑惠(1997)。從耐撞性角度看國中後段班學生的學習動機及生活適應。國立政治大學心理學研究所碩士論文。未出版，台北。
高美英、吳齊殷、呂碧鴻(1998)。不當教養與青少年憂鬱向度和問題行為。中華民國家庭醫學雜誌，8（1），1-20。
陳為堅(2005)。學校憂鬱傾向學生推估及預防策略之研究。教育部訓育委員會專案研究。
張明宜(2000)。青少年堅毅力及其相關因素之探討。國立政治大學教育系研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。
張春興(1991)。教育心理學-三化取向的理論與實踐。台北：東華。
張秋蘭(1999)。青少年依附關係、自我尊重與身心健康之相關性研究。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文，台北。
楊浩然(2001)。青少年憂鬱疾患及憂鬱症狀之追蹤研究。國立台灣大學流行病學研究所博士論文，台北。
楊順南(1995)。憂鬱理論的整合研究—認知取向。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文，未出版，台北。
楊雅惠(2003)。依附、負向情緒調適預期和壓力因應對情緒經驗的影響歷程之探討:以大四學生的生涯抉擇壓力為例。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文，台北。
蔡宜玲(2001)。自殺意念青少年復原行為之探討：復原力之研究。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商系碩士論文，彰化。
謝雨生、吳齊殷、李文傑(2006)。青少年網絡特性、互動結構和友誼動態。台灣社會學，11， 175-236。
西文部份
(AACAP) The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (2005). AACAP Supports National Childhood Depression Awareness Day. Retrieved from http://www.aacap.org/press_releases/2005/0503.htm
American Psychiatric Association (1994).Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 4th ed. Washington D.C: Author.
Amato, P. R. (2006). Children and divorce: what we know and what we need to know. Speech presented in International Conference on Children and Divorce.
Amato, P. R. (2000). The consequence of divorce for adults and child. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62, 1269-1287.
Amato, P. R., & Sobolewski, J. M. (2001). The effects of divorce and marital discord on adult children’s psychological well-being. American Sociological Reciew, 66, 900-921.
Amato, P. R., & Cheadle, J. (2005).The long reach of divorce: divorce and child well-being across three generations. Journal of Marriage and Family, 67(1), 191-206.
Bureau of the Census (1997).Statistical Abstract of the United States: The National Data Book. Washington, DC: United States Department of Cimmerce.
Buchanan, C. M, Maccoby, E.E., & Dornbush, S.M. (1996). Adolescence after divorce. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Benard, B. (1995). Fostering resilience in children. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED386327)
Brooks, R. (1991).Fostering self-esteem and resilience: The search of islands of competence. Presented at the Fostering Resilience Conference, Washington D. C.: Institute for Mental Health Initiatives (IMHI).
Brooks, R., & Goldstein (2003).Resilience: Raising resilient Children: Fostering, Hope, and Optimism in Youth Child. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Brooks, R., & Goldstein (2004).The power of resilience: Achieving balance, confidence, and personal strength in your life. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Conger, R. D., & Conger, K. (2002). Families & family life, behaviors, social conditions & trends, economic conditions. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64(2), 361-374.
Catanzaro, S. J., Wasch, H. H., Kirch, I., & Mearns, J. (2000).Coping-related expectancies and disposition as prospective predictors of coping responses and symptoms. Journal of Personali, 68(4), 757-788.
Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., & Toth, S. L. (1998).Maternal depressive disorder and contextual risk: contributions to the development of attachment insecurity and behavior problems in toddlerhood. Development & Psychopathology, 10, 283-300.
Courbasson, C. M. A., Endler, N. S., & Kocovski, N. L. (2002).Coping and Psychological distress for men with substance use disorders. Current Psychology, 21(1), 35-49.
Davies, P. T., & Dumenci L. (1999).The interplay between maternal depressive symptoms and marital distress in the prediction of adolescent adjustment. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 61, 238-254.
Elder, G. H., & Conger, R. D. (2000). Children of the Land. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Elder, G. H., Johnson,M.K.& Crosnoe,R.(2002).The emergence and development of life course therory.Book chapter in Jeylan T. Mortimer and Michael J. Shanahan (Eds.)Handbook of the life course,forthcoming.
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988).Coping as a mediator of emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 466-475.
Folkman, S., & Moskowitz, J. T. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping. American Psychologist, 55, 647-654.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology. American Psychologist, 56, 218-226.
Goodman, S. (2002). Depression and early adverse experiences. In Gotlib, I. & Hammen, C. (Eds.), Hamdbook of depression (pp.245-267). New York: Guilford Press.
Gramezy, N. (1985). Stress resistant children: the search for protective factors, in: J. E. Stevenson (Ed.) Recent Research in Developmental Psychology, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (Book Supplement No. 4.).
Gramezy, N. (1987). Stress, Competence, and Development: Continuities in the study of schizophrenic adults, children vulnerable to psychology, and the search for stress-resistant children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57(2), 159-174.
Gramezy, N. (1991).Resiliency and vulnerability to adverse developmental outcomes associated with poverty. American Behavioral Scientist, 34, 416-430.
Grotberg, E. H. (1993).Promoting resilience in children: A new approach. University of Alabama at Birmingham: Civitan International Research Center.
Grotberg, E. H. (1995). The international resilience project: research and application. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 423955).
Grotberg, E. H. (1997). The international resilience research project. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the International Council of Psychologists (55th, Graz, Austria, July 14-18, 1996.), (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 417861).
Howard, S., & Johnson, B. (2000). What makes the difference? Children and teachers talk about resilient outcomes for children ‘at risk’. Educational Studies Dorchester-on-Thames: Sep 2000. Vol. 26, Iss.3, p.321-337.
Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Progress on cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion. The American Psychologist, 46, 819-834.
Lopez, F.G., Mitchell, P., & Gormley, B. (2002).Adult attachment orientations and college students’ distress: Test of a mediational model. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 460-467.
Luthar, S. S. (2004, in press). Resilience in development: A synthesis of research across five decades. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental Psychopathology: Risk, disorder, and adaptation (2nd edition). New York: Wiley.
Luthar, S. S. (2003). Resilience and Vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities. Cambridge University Press.
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000).The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for further work. Child Development, 71, 543-562.
Masten, A., & Garmezy, N. (1985).Risk, vulnerability, and protective factors in developmental psychopathology. In Lahey, B. & Larsen, A. (Eds.), Advances in clinical child psychology (vol.8, pp1-52).New York: Plenum Press.
Marchard, J. F., & Hock, E. (2003). Mother’s and fathers’ depressive symptoms and conflict-resolution strategies in the marriage and children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 164(2), 227-239.
Moran, P. B., & Eckenrode, J. (1992). Protective personality characteristics among adolescent victims of maltreatment. Child Abuse & Neglect, 16, 743-754.
Phillips, N. K., Hammen, C. L., Brennan, P. A., Najman, J. M., & Bor, W. (2005). Early adversity and the prospective prediction of depressive and anxiety disorders in adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology,33(1),13-24.
Pollard, J. A., Hawkins, J. D., & Arthur, M.W. (1999).Risk and protection: Are both necessary to understand diverse behavioral outcomes in adolescence? Social Work Research, 23(3), 145-158.
Rutter, M. (1987). Psychological resilience and protective mechanism. American Journal of Orthopsychiat, 57(3), 316-331.
Rutter, M. (1982). Developmental neuropsychiatry: Concepts, issues and problems. Journal of Clinic Neuron psychology, 4, 91-115.
Singer, J. D., & Willett, J. B. (2003).Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modeling change and event occurrence. Oxford University press.
Simons, R. L., & Chao, W. (1996).Conduct problem. In Simons, R. L. & Associates, (Eds.), Understanding Difference Between Divorced and Intact Families: Stress, Interaction, and child outcome. Thousands oaks, CA: SAGE.
Vivona, J. M. (2000).Parental attachment styles of late adolescences: Qualities of attachment relationships and consequences for adjustment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47, 316-329.
Werner, E. E. (1989).High-risk children in young adulthood: A longitudinal study from birth to 32 years. American Journal of Orthopsychiat, 59, 72-81.
Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (1982).Vulnerable but Invincible: A longitudinal study of resilient children and youth. New York: McGraw-Hill.
WHO (2001).The world health report. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/whr/2001/chapter2/en/index.html
World Health Organization(2001). Burden of mental and behavioral disorders. The World Health Report, 2001, 2.
Wu, C. I., Huang, Y. T., & Chang, M. Y. (2006).The impacts of family structure and family dysfunctions upon adolescent’s depressive symptoms. Paper presented at the Law and Family Conference. Taipei: Research Center for Humantities and Social Sciences (RCHSS). |
| Description: | 博士
國立政治大學
教育研究所
89152509
95 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0089152509 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [教育學系] 學位論文
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
