政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/32720

政大機構典藏-National Chengchi University Institutional Repository(NCCUR):Item 140.119/32720

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题名:	以數值高程模型辨識地形之研究
作者:	宋秉憲 Soong,Bing Shang
贡献者:	何瑁鎧宋秉憲 Soong,Bing Shang
关键词:	地文分析字串比對高通濾波器 hydrologic analysis string matching high pass filter
日期:	2004
上传时间:	2009-09-17 14:07:50 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究所要討論的是如何以局部區域的數值高程模型資料辨識出所在整體地形的相對應位置。數值高程模型是以網格式的方式描述地表上連續性的起伏變化，以二維陣列儲存地表高度的資料，包含三度空間的特性。我們從區域地形萃取出線性特徵與點特徵，分別為水系河段與地形上較明顯的凸點與凹點，以水系作為識別每一區域地形的“指紋”，對於地形變化小或河段特徵不明顯之區域尋找其特徵點，配合相關地形參數與整體地形進行比對，並對不同之特徵採用不同比對演算法。我們以物件化的方式表達水系河段與特徵點，將許多圖層的資訊整合於物件中，除了方便資料的管理，也加快了比對的效率。實驗結果顯示，應用此兩種特徵值作為辨識地形依據，可有效辨識出正確位置，也節省許多不必要的比對時間。 The main objective of this thesis is to identify a terrain using partial Digital Elevation Model (DEM) information. DEM is one of the most commonly used data representation models used in Geographical Information Systems. It is a digital model with an array of uniformly spaced elevation data in raster format. One can use DEM to analyze terrain measures including slope, aspect, and other features. In the thesis, we use hydrology analysis to extract the stream networks and use terrain parameter analysis to compute terrain features from the DEM of a small region. This information can be used as the “fingerprints” of the terrain and then compare them with the “fingerprints” in the whole data base in order to identify or to locate the correct location of the region. The KMP string matching algorithm is used to speed up the matching process. Measurements extracted from DEM through hydrology analysis may not provide significant terrain information for the identification purpose. In this case, other mechanism such as VIP node and algorithm are used to facilitate the identification process. We embed object oriented concepts in actual implementation. The experimental results show that our mechanism works successfully and the time used in the identification process reduced significantly.
參考文獻:	[1]D. S. Mackay and L. E. Band, “Extraction and representation of nested catchment areas from digital elevation models in lake-dominated topography,” Water Resources Research Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 897-901, 1998. [2]Chaojun Liang and D. S. Mackay, “A general model of watershed extraction and representation using globally optimal flow paths and up-slope contributing areas,” Geographical Information Science, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 337-358, 2000. [3]Xinliang Xu and Dafang Zhuang, “Automated Extraction of Drainages in China Based on Dem in GIS Environment,” Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, Vol.13, No. 4, pp. 343-348, 2004. [4]I. Kweon and T. Kanade, “Extracting Topographic Terrain Features from Elevation Maps,” Image Understanding, Vol. 59, No. 2, pp. 171-182, 1994. [5]徐義人，應用水文學，民國92年。 [6]ESRI. “Spatial Analyst Functional Reference,” ArcGIS Desktop Help. [7]A. N. Strahler, “Quantitative Analysis of Watershed Geomorphology,” Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, Vol. 8, No. 6, pp. 913-920, 1957. [8]R. L. Shreve, “Statistical Law of Stream Number,” Journal of Geology, 74 pp. 17-37, 1966. [9]M. F. Goodchild and K. K. Kemp, eds, NCGIA Core Curriculum in GIS, 1990. [10]M. Shapiro and J. Westervelt, “An Algebra for GIS and Image Processing,” U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory Champaign, 1992. [11]J. Dozier, A. H. Strahler, “Ground Investigations in Support of Remote Sensing- In Manual of Remote Sensing,” American Society of Photogrammetry, Vol. l, No. 1, pp. 12-32, 1983 [12]B. K. P. Horn, “Hillshading and the Reflectance Map,” Geo-Processing, Vol. 2, pp. 65-146, 1982. [13]I. Evans, “General Geomorphometry,” Geomorphologic Techniques, pp. 44-56, 1990. [14]許秋玲，「數值高程模型之地形複雜度量度指標研究─以蝕溝等級為例」，國立台灣大學地理學研究所碩士論文，民國91年。 [15]D. E. Knuth, J. H. Morris, and V. R. Pratt, “Fast Pattern Matching in Strings, ” SIAM J.Comput, Vol. 6, pp. 323-350, 1977. [16]C. Barral, J. S. Coron, and D. Naccache, “Externalized Fingerprint Matching,” Cryptology ePrint Archive, report 2004/021, 2004. [17]D. Maltoni, D. Maio, A. K. Jain, and S. Prahakar, “Handbook of Fingerprint Recognition,” 2003. [18]P. A. Burrough, “Principles of Geographical Information Systems for Land Resources Assessment,” Oxford University Press, 1986.
描述:	碩士國立政治大學資訊科學學系 92753017 93
資料來源:	http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0927530171
数据类型:	thesis
显示于类别:	[資訊科學系] 學位論文

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