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    Title: 社會對話之研究
    Authors: 黃柏愷
    Contributors: 張其恆
    黃柏愷
    Keywords: 社會對話
    馬斯垂克條約
    三方諮詢
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-14 13:15:55 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 1985年,歐盟執委會和歐洲社會夥伴們在瓦杜謝宮的會談,讓「社會對話」一詞正式出現在國際社會間,雖說在發展之初,社會對話僅是一個體制外的協商體制,對話後的產物並不具法令約束力,但經過馬斯垂克條約和阿姆斯特丹條約所產生的效力,社會對話終於取得了法源基礎,而且成為歐盟社會政策領域中立法的工具之一,種種的跡象皆突顯出社會對話的高度價值,因此,社會對話的影響力不僅引起歐洲各方的矚目,也間接地宣告勞資雙方以合作代替抗爭的時代即將來臨。然而,在進行社會對話的過程中,勞資雙方破除以往狹隘的談論範圍,開始著重於全國性的社會與經濟議題,個別的勞動條件問題已無法滿足勞資雙方展開對話的需求,對實施與推動社會對話的國家來說,社會對話被視為維持社會安定與提昇經濟競爭力的新興作法,更是當今世上公認為最能解決困境的必備良方。面對這股國際間最炙手可熱的新潮流,絕對有深入研究的必要和動機,除了冀望能探討其實質意涵和檢視他國的執行實例之外,也深切期待能藉此研究來檢討和正視國內勞資關係亂象,並設法尋求解決之道。
    本研究乃採取質性研究的方式,針對歐盟以及歐洲先進工業國和政權轉型國等四國來進行廣泛的文獻蒐集,再藉由資料的整理和歸納,進一步去掌握歐盟和這四國實行社會對話的形成背景、演進過程,以及運作模式等情形,讓社會對話的實際經驗和現況儘可能地完整展現出來,以便能有更通盤的了解,也可成為改善國內勞資關係以及建構社會對話機制參照的方向。
    在研究發現下,得知社會對話有許多運作的模式和型態,而且歐盟與各國也有符合自身國情的社會對話機制,但仍可洞悉其中不可或缺的關鍵要素,像是政府的角色、社會對話多元的運作層級、與團體協商之間的關係以及議題涵蓋的範圍等都是實踐社會對話存在的不變條件,無論各國的社會對話機制有何差異,基本上都不能忽視這四種現象所呈現出來的核心概念,也是社會對話能否發揮功效的關鍵,至於如何去有效健全我國社會對話機制的缺憾,使其更加完善且能真正發揮成果,亦能從這些核心概念去推廣和實踐,本研究提出六點建議方案,分別是成立國家層級社會對話常設機構、增強勞資雙方對話當事人的代表性、改善與強化勞資雙方的互動、調整現有的三方諮詢機構與創立各層級的社會對話機制、從現有特定的協商層級開始切入和提升勞工行政機關的機能,從這些建議方案中不難察覺,國內社會對話的實踐並非天方夜譚,所以,政府若有心提振國內虛有其表的社會對話機制,現階段須先從制度和觀念兩方面來著手,按部就班地去調整國內勞資關係長久以來的窘境,如此一來,相信我國社會對話的未來仍充滿著無限美好的契機。
    Reference: 中文文獻
    〈一〉書籍
    1.王文科,《教育研究法--教育研究的理論與實務》,五南出版社,民國90年。
    2.王麗容,《勞工政策與社經變遷之互動》,勞資和諧論文集,財團法人勞雇合作關係基金會,台北市,民國83年。
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    4.艾昌瑞,《經社變遷中如何強化勞資關係》,邁向二十一世紀勞工政策選集,財團法人勞雇合作關係基金會,台北市,民國84年。
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    9.黃玫玲,《以民主夥伴關係達成社會革新》,APEC議題研究精選系列,第二部分人力資源發展,中華台北亞太經濟合作(APEC)研究中心,民國90年4月。
    5.EUROPA網站:<http://www.europa.eu.int/index_en.htm>
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    9.KTC官方網站:<http://www.lmg.go.kr/english/sub02/sub02_5.asp>
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    13.UNICE官方網站:<http://www.unice.org/Content/Default.asp?PageID=298>
    10.黃越欽,《勞動法新論》,翰蘆圖書出版社,台北市,修訂二版,民國93年9月二刷。
    〈二〉期刊與文章
    1.陳正良,《破除國內經社迷障:強化社會夥伴和社會對話功能》,國政評論,社安〈評〉091-181號,財團法人國家政策研究基金會,民國91年9月7日。
    2.潘世偉,《工會法修正暨相關問題之研究{上}》,勞工行政,第102期,民國85年10月15日。
    3.楊淑瓊,《歐洲社會對話機制─民主勞資關係制度》,勞資關係月刊,第224期,民國89年12月。
    4.林宗弘,《經發會勞方與資方及官方交手實錄》,全產總工訊,第1期,民國90年8月31日。
    〈三〉會議文章
    1.行政院勞委會,《歐盟國家社會對話與優質勞動研討會實錄》紀錄,民國92年12月。
    2.南洲山房,《新生的契機?混亂的開始?─論台灣工會的發展》,亞洲社會論壇,日本大阪,民國91年10月。
    3.國際勞工局理事會全球化的社會影響面問題工作組,《治理、社會夥伴關係和全球化:對有關問題的初步探討》,第三項議程記錄,民國92年3月。
    4.焦興鎧,《我國勞動政策與法制之沿革與發展》,「台灣社會安全五十年勞資關係的回顧與前瞻」國際學術研討會,台北市,民國89年9月29日。
    5.潘世偉,《社會夥伴關係與三方諮商:建立我國社會對話機制之研究》,勞委會委託專文研究報告,民國92年。
    6.潘世偉,《團體協商在台灣:掙扎在市場與制度之間》,「台灣社會安全五十年勞資關係的回顧與前瞻」國際學術研討會,台北市,民國89年9月29日。
    7.聯合國部長級圓桌會議,《發展籌資夥伴關係》,會議記錄,民國91年3月。
    〈四〉論 文
    1.張志鵬,《論歐洲社會夥伴在社會對話機制中之角色》,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,民國90年。
    2.許鼎文,《開放協調機制與跨國社會政策治理─以歐盟親職假指令為例》,國立中正大學社會福利所碩士論文,民國92年。
    3.黃寶仙,《歐洲工商組織─歐洲工業暨雇主總會聯盟之研究》,淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士論文,民國81年6月。
    〈五〉中文網站
    1.淡江大學歐盟文獻中心網站:<http://www.lib.tku.edu.tw/libeu/libeu_ch.htm>
    2.勞委會官方網址:<http://www.cla.gov.tw/cgi-bin/SM_theme?page=41d35566>
    3.經發會網址:<http://www.president.gov.tw/2_special/economic/index.html>
    外文文獻
    〈一〉外文書籍與文章
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    25.Jesper Due & Mikkel Mailamd, ”Social Dialogue in Central and Eastern Europe-present state and future development”, Employment Relations Research Centre(FAOS) Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, 2003.
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    28.Joo-hee Lee, “Social Partnership Key to Achieving Industrial Peace”, THE KOREA TIMES, 17 February 2004.
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    30.Juliusz Gardawski, ”Regional social dialogue develops”, Foundation Institute of Public Affairs, 29 July 2003.
    31.Junko Ishikawa, “Key Features of National Social Dialogue: A Social Dialogue Resource Book”, (Geneva: International Labour Office, 2003).
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    33.Lucio Baccaro and Chang-Hee Lee, “Strengthening Industrial Relations and Social Dialogue in the Republic of Korea”, (Geneva : International Labour Office, 2003).
    34.Ludek Rychly and Rainer Pritzer, “Social Dialogue at National Level in the EU Accession Countries”, (Geneva: International Labour Office, February 2003).
    35.Martin Behrens &Torsten Niechoj, “Future of national Alliance for Jobs under debate”, WSI in der Hans-Bockler-Stiftung, 7 January 2003.
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    38.Official Journal of the European Communities, ”COUCIL DIRECTIVE: on the extension of Directive 97/81/EC on the framework agreement on part-time work concluded by UNICE, CEPP and the ETUC to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”, (98/23/EC of 7 April 1998).
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    40.Oscar Ermida, “Social dialogue: Theory and practice”, Trade unions and social dialogue: Current situation and outlook, No. 120, March 2000, p. 51~68.
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    42.Peter Mayer and Erwin Schweisshelm, ”The modernization of industrial relations in Germany : trends and perspectives”, Seoul National University, November 2000.
    43.Rafal Towalski, “Restructuring: the role of social dialogue at regional and local level”, Foundation Institute of Public Affairs, 11 July 2005.
    44.Rainer Pitschas, Juan Mozzicafreddo, Jose’ Manuel P. Leite Viegas, Rosemarie Peters, Joao S. Batista, “Policies on labour relations and social dialogue in European countries: the Portuguese and German cases”, Baden-Baden, (Germany: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1997).
    45.Sabina Avdagic, “Social Dialogue and the European Union Accession”, OSI International Policy Fellowships Program, March 2001.
    46.Sarosh Kuruvilla, “Social Dialogue for Decent Work”, (Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies, 2003).
    47.Shyh-Jer Chen, Jyh-Jer Roger Ko, and John Lawler, ”Changing Patterns of Industrial Relations in Taiwan”, Industrial Relations , Vol. 42, No. 3, Blackwell, July 2003, p.315~340.
    48.Sociaal-Economische Raad, “The Social and Economic Council of the Netherlands”, SER Public Information Office, {The Hague(Netherlands), 2005}.
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    56.Thorsten Schulten, “Tripartite agreement establishes national alliance for jobs”, WSI in der Hans-Bockler-Stiftung, 28 December 1998.
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    〈二〉外文網站
    1.CEEP官方網站:<http://www.ceep.org/>
    2.EIRO網站:<http://www.eiro.eurofound.ie/index.html>
    3.ETUC官方網站:<http://www.etuc.org/>
    4.EUROPA-Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities網站: <http://europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/social_dialogue/index_en.htm>
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    勞工研究所
    92266008
    94
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0922620081
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[勞工研究所] 學位論文

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