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| Title: | 澳洲職業災害補償制度之研究
A study on the workers` compensation system in Australia |
| Authors: | 劉羽菁
Liu,Yu Ching |
| Contributors: | 張其恒
Chang, Chyi Herng
劉羽菁
Liu,Yu Ching |
| Keywords: | 澳洲
職業災害
補償
重建
Australia
occupational injury
workers’ compensation |
| Date: | 2008 |
| Issue Date: | 2009-09-14 13:13:29 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 職業災害補償制度乃保護勞工之生命財產安全，而非以故意或過失為補償構成要件，制度目標為職災預防、勞工傷病補償以及災後勞工重建。各國政府長久致力於建構一套完善的職業災害補償制度，保護因工作災害導致傷病之勞工，補償損失並提供醫療支援，協助重返工作崗位維持穩定生活。澳大利亞為聯邦制國家，職業災害補償制度採地方分權主義，由各省立法管轄制度運作，聯邦政府的角色則為全國政策之指導與調和。職災補償以強制保險課以雇主保護照顧責任，勞動者依地區、身份之別，各別適用澳洲境內十種職業災害補償制度。地方政府依該省職災補償相關法規，設立職災補償局管理制度運作，職災保險則由政府或民營保險業者辦理，故澳洲各省間形成彼此獨立之職災補償體系。
隨著職災補償制度發展與勞動市場環境變遷，各省職業災害補償制度的異質性，逐漸影響制度辦理之成效，造成法律適用難度增加、勞工與雇主各省間差別對待、行政錯誤與詐領風險提高等問題。而新興工作型態勞動人數的增加亦衝擊制度管理，使得傳統定義下的適用對象，有擴增範圍及統一各省定義之必要。因此，未來澳洲職災補償制度之發展，聯邦政府應試圖以縮小省分間之差異性為政策方向，職災補償制度仍由地方管轄，惟應漸進式統一職災補償法令有關基本之定義範圍、福利架構、職災重建協助措施等，使全國各省的勞工職災補償制度具有整體一致性規範。此外，澳洲職災補償與安全衛生預防、災後重建三者間制度連結之特色，可作為台灣加強職災預防、重建之參考，包括職災保護法令單獨立法、宣導傷病管理計畫、相關機構整併與功能強化，健全我國職災補償事前防治機制及事後補償重建之完整性。
The fundamental aim of workers’ compensation system is to protect labors’ right to survive in the Constitution, so it is not based on someone’s negligent and fault. Workers’ compensation system is set for preventing from occupational injury, compensating labors’ loss, and rehabilitation after the injuries. The worker’s compensation system of Commonwealth of Australia is governed by the territories while the federal government of Australia is in charge of making national policy and harmonizing state’s system. Workers’ compensation system requires most employers to insure against their statutory liability to compensate employees for work-related injury or illness. According to the district and state, there are ten workers’ compensation schemes in Australia. Workers’ compensation funding operates by government and authorized private insurance. Each state has its own workers’ compensation laws, and operates workers’ compensation arrangements independently.
As each jurisdiction has developed its own arrangements and transition of labor market environments, this has resulted in numerous inconsistencies and problems in the each jurisdiction’s include application of workers’ compensation laws, inequities in treatment to workers and employers, and increase risk of errors and fraud etc. The increase of precarious workers also impacts the system, so it is necessary to enhance and definite coverage of workers’ compensation scheme. Consequently, workers’ compensation system in Australia would be narrow inconsistencies of territories. The system is still governed by each of territory, however. There should be harmonized all of the definition, benefit structure, rehabilitation program etc, so that workers’ compensation system in Australia has a united rule to follow. Besides, the advantage of arrangement in Australia that integrates compensation with prevention and rehabilitation can be a model for Taiwan to enhance function of prevention and rehabilitation. Other suggestions are like integrating the laws related to occupational injury and compensation, encouraging injury management plan and enforcing role of insurer to fulfill function of prevention and rehabilitation of workers’ compensation in Taiwan. |
| Reference: | 中文資料 （按姓氏筆劃排列）
（一）書籍
1. 內政部編印（1987），國際勞工公約及建議書，台北市 : 內政部。
2. 林豐賓（1997），勞動基準法論，台北：三民書局。
3. 張彧、陳秋蓉、林洺秀（2006），各國職業災害勞工重建制度與具體作法之比較研究，行政院勞工委員會勞工安全衛生研究所。
4. 黃越欽（2002），勞動法新論，台北市：瀚林圖書出版社。
5. 黃越欽、王惠玲、張其恆合著(1995)，職災補償論：中英美德日五國比較，台北市：五南出版社。
6. 魏朝光（1992），勞動職業災害之補償，台北市 : 勞工硏究資料中心基金會。
（二）期刊
1. 王方（2002），「電傳勞動」對福利的影響：新工作型態對勞工福利帶來的省思，台灣社會福利學刊，第一卷第二期。
2. 林誠二（2000），論勞工服勞務受害之賠償請求權，臺灣本土法學雜誌，第15期，123-134。
瀏覽日期：2009/4/13
The Self Insurers of South Australia (SISA)
http://www.sisa.net.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/16
Accident Compensation Conciliation Service
http://www.conciliation.vic.gov.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/20
Workers Compensation Commission
http://www.wcc.nsw.gov.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/20
3. 許靖蘭（2005），澳洲職災後職業重建機制~以南澳洲為例，就業安全，第4卷第2期，97-107。
（三）碩士論文
1. 陳彥良（2008），論職業災害補償制度，國立東華大學財經法律研究所碩士論文。
2. 賴崇全（1996），我國職業災害補償制度調整之研究，國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
3. 謝秋芸（2006），日本過勞死職災認定之研究，國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
4. 簡坤港（2005），我國職業災害補償相關問題之研究，國立中正大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
5. 羅忠政（1997），職業災害補償雇主責任之研究，國立政治大學勞工研究所碩士論文。
外文資料（依字母排列）
（一）Book
1. Burton, J. F. J. and J. R. Chelius (1997). Workplace Safety and Health Regulation: Rationale and Results, Cornell University Press.
2. C. Arthur Williams, J. (1991). International Comparison of Workers’ Compensation. Boston, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
3. Creighton, B. and A. Strwart (1994). Labor Law. Sydney, The Federation Press.
4. Gordon, M. S. (1994). Social Security Policies in Industrial Countries: A Comparative Analysis, Cambridge University Press.
5. Guidotti, T. L. and J. W. F. Cowell (1998). Workers` compensation. Philadelphia, Hanley & Belfus.
6. Hood, J. B., J. Benjamin A. Hardy, et al. ( 1990). Workers` compensation and employee protection laws in a nutshell St. Paul, Minn. : West Pub. Co.
7. Shrey, D. E. (1995). Principles and practices of disability management in industry, CRC Press.
8. Spieler, E. A. and J. John F. Burton (1998). Compensation for Disabled Workers: Workers’ Compensation, Industrial Relations Research Association.
9. Thomason, T. (2005). Workplace injuries and diseases : prevention and compensation : essays in honor of Terry Thomason. Kalamazoo, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
10. Vosko, L. F. (2006). Precarious employment: understanding labour market insecurity in Canada, McGill-Queen`s Press.
（二）Journal
1. Bradford, M. (2003). "Australia employers push for creation of federal workers compensation." Business Insurance 37(33).
2. Harbrow, A. (2008). "National Workers Compensation: Is It Coming?" Mondaq Business Briefing.
3. Kenny, D. T. (1996). "Occupational rehabilitation assessed: The verdict of employers." Journal of Occupational Health and Safety –Australia and New Zealand 12(2).
4. Kenny, D. T. (1999). "Employer compliance with rehabilitation." Journal of Occupational Health and Safety –Australia and New Zealand 15(5).
5. Kenny, D. T. (1999). "Employers’ Perspectives on the Provision of Suitable Duties in Occupation Rehabilitation." Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation 9(4).
6. Quinlan, M. and C. Mayhew (1999). "Precarious Employment and Workers’ Compensation." International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 22.
7. Quinlan, M. and C. Mayhew (2001). "The effect of changing patterns of employment on reporting occupational injury and making worker’ compensation claims." Safety Science Monitor 5.
（三）Government Publication
1. Australian Safety and Compensation Council (2007). Comparison of workers’ compensation arrangement in Australia and New Zealand, Commonwealth of Australia..
2. Clayton, A. and D. Else (2004). Review of the Criteria for the Exempt Employer System in South Australia.
3. Comcare (2008). Comcare Annual Report 2007-2008, Comcare.
4. Department of Justice and Community Safety (2008). Workers Compensation-Conciliation. ACT Government.
5. Industry Commission (1994). Workers’ Compensation in Australia, Australia Government Publishing Service.
6. Product Commission (2004). National Workers’ compensation and Occupational Health and Safety Frameworks, Australia Government.
7. Rodgers, G. and J. Rodgers (1989). Precarious jobs in labour market regulation: The growth of atypical employment in Western Europe, International Institute for Labour Studies.
8. The Head of Worker Compensation Authority (2008). 2007/2008Australia and New Zealand Return to Work Monitor, Commonwealth of Australia.
9. WorkCover authority (2009). Annual report 2008, Victorian WorkCover authority.
10. WorkCover NSW (2008). Annual report 2007/2008, WorkCover NSW.
11. WorkCover SA (2008). Dispute resolution process guideline. WorkCover SA.
12. WorkCover Tasmania( 2008). A guile to worker compensation in Tasmania. WorkCover Tasmania
13. Workplace Relations Ministers’ Council (2008). Comparative Performance Monitoring Report 2006- 2007, Commonwealth of Australia.
（四）Conference Report
1. Bain, T. (2008). Workers’ Compensation in the United States. The International Workshop on the Award System of Occupational Accidents and Diseases for Workers’ Compensation. Institute of Labour Research, National Chengchi University.
2. Jamieson, S. (2008). The view from Australia. The International Workshop on the Award System of Occupational Accidents and Diseases for Workers’ Compensation. Institute of Labour Research, National Chengchi University.
網路資料
Australian Bureau of Statistics
http://www.abs.gov.au
瀏覽日期：2009/5/15
Heads of Workers` Compensation Authorities - Australia and New Zealand
http://www.hwca.org.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/7
Heads of Workplace Safety Authorities - Australia and New Zealand
http://www.hwsa.org.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/7
Comcare
http://www.comcare.gov.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/7(查詢機構權責與分工)、2009/4/7（查詢爭議處理流程）
Seacare
http://www.seacare.gov.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/7
Safety, Rehabilitation and Compensation Commission (SRCC)
http://www.srcc.gov.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/7
WorkSafe Victoria
http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/20
WorkCover NSW
http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/7
WorkCover SA
http://www.workcover.com/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/10
WorkCover WA
http://www.workcover.wa.gov.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/10
WorkCover Queensland
http://www.workcoverqld.com.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/11
Workers’ s Compensation regulatory Authority(Q-COMP)
http://www.qcomp.com.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/11（查詢機構權責與分工）、2009/4/20（查詢爭議處理流程）
WorkCover Tasmania
http://www.workcover.tas.gov.au/
瀏覽日期：2009/4/11
NT WorkSafe
http://www.worksafe.nt.gov.au
瀏覽日期：2009/4/21
WorkCover ACT
http://www.ors.act.gov.au/workcover/index.html |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
勞工研究所
95262009
97 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095262009 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [勞工研究所] 學位論文
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