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    Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/31992


    Title: 我國行動電話基地臺管理制度之研究:回應性政策評估觀點
    The Fourth Generation Policy Evaluation of the Cell Phone Base Station Management System
    Authors: 王裴芝
    Contributors: 江明修
    Chiang,Min Hsiu
    王裴芝
    Keywords: 基地臺
    回應性評估
    Date: 2007
    Issue Date: 2009-09-14 12:41:34 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 民國85年電信民營自由化,行動通信業務陸續開放,行動通信基礎建設也逐年展開,隨著無線寛頻接取業務WiMAX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)、數位電視、數位廣播等無線通訊網路時代的來臨,我國行動通信的服務愈趨完善,儼然成為國際間首屈一指的通訊樞紐。
    世界衛生組織(WHO)於2006年5月第 304 號概要說明書(Fact Sheet #304)中仍維持過去表示低於 ICNIRP (國際非游離輻射防護委員會)標準下的電磁波,無證據證明有害人體健康的一貫立場,更確切指出,在過去15年間,透過細心規劃和執行的病理學研究,甚至在電磁波強度遠超過基地臺和無線網路所能產生的情形下,長期的動物研究實驗也未能證明暴露行動通信電磁場領域下會增加罹癌風險。
    由於迄今仍無確切的科學證據顯示非游離輻射的電磁波與癌症或生育問題有關,致使民眾仍對行動電話基地臺電磁波產生恐慌,導致與電信業者之間的拆遷抗爭不斷。基此,本研究從多元利害關係人的角度-第四代政策評估的觀點,針對主管機關、電信業者、學者及民間團體代表,進行非結構性的訪談,經研究發現:政府教育宣導不足,造成民眾對基地臺電磁波認知不足而產生疑慮,致使基地臺設臺不易;基地臺設置資訊是否公開?電信業者是否需設置回饋金?NCC與電信業者均表示不贊成,民間團體代表及學者則一致贊成;另敏感區如托兒所、中小學校、醫院等區域,如採限制設置,各界看法傾向立法前必須審慎評估其他使用者合法的權益。
    最後,本研究提出以下幾點政策建議,提供政府未來行動電話基地臺管理制度規劃方向的參考:
    一、政策參與:NCC於審核基地臺的許可執照,應確保私有土地或建築物所有人及設置基地臺鄰近居民等利害關係人參與行動電話基地臺設置之決策過程的機會。
    二、教育宣導:多樣化管道且依利害關係人的不同,採分眾行銷方式。
    三、合作模式:電信監理機關(NCC)、健康風險機關(衛生署)、環境保育機關(環
    保署)的跨部門合作與協調。
    四、風險溝通:認同利害關係團體,誠心的接受民眾對於風險認知是有差異的事實,並
    發展一個雙向對話自由討論的對話平臺,加強政府、業者與民眾的溝通
    管道與頻次,追蹤風險認知的趨勢,評估風險溝通的效果。
    Since 1996, Taiwan has been steadily liberalizing the telecommunications market, launching new services, and continuously developing the telecommunications infrastructure. Wireless communication networks, such as WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), digital TV and digital broadcast are currently at the forefront of this development. Consequently, Taiwan has already become an international communications hub.

    Under the standards set forth in May, 2006, in the 304th essential instructions (Fact Sheet#304) of electromagnetic waves, the World Health Organization (WHO) suggested no evidence to prove the harmful effect of electromagnetic waves to human health. The report highlighted the past fifteen years of research, such as pathology elaboration programming, and performance research. Even in circumstances where the strength of electromagnetic waves far exceeded the amount at base stations and the wireless network, and after conducting long-term animal research, experiments could not prove electromagnetism increases Li cancer.

    Although there is still no scientific evidence connecting electromagnetic wave radiation to cancer, public concern continues to grow, sometimes aggressively. Even to the extent that an operator had to dismantle a cellular phone base station. The NCC is tackling this issue holistically and has developed the following policies regarding this matter:
    (1)policy publicly: to ensure the privately-owned land or buildings owners and the neighboring residents could have the chance to participate in the decision making process of the pedestal constitution of the cell phone base, when the government examine the permission licenses of base pedestals.
    (2)education and propaganda: to educate the public by diversified ways and adopts diversified marketing according to different character relative groups.
    (3)cooperate broadly: communications regulatory organization (NCC) - healthy risk organizations (Department of Health ) - environmental conservation groups.
    (4)inform of risks: to identify with the related group and accept the fact that the thought gaps of the public exist naturally. Then to develop a conversation platform to enhance the communication between the government, operators, and the public, and mention the trend of the public’s risk cognition to evaluate communication effect.
    Reference: 壹、中文部分:
    丘昌泰(2000),《公共政策:基礎篇》,臺北:巨流出版社。
    丘昌泰(2007),《鄰避情結與社區治理》,臺北:韋伯文化國際。
    李允傑、丘昌泰(1999),《政策執行與評估》,臺北:國立空中大學。
    李明寰(譯)(2002),William N. Dunn 著,《公共政策分析》,臺北:時英出版社。
    吳 定(2002),《公共政策》,臺北:中華電視公司。
    林宜平、張武修(2006),<行動電話的健康風險管理與溝通:預警架構的政策應用>,《研考雙月刋》,第30卷,第2期。
    胡幼慧(1996),《質性研究》,臺北:巨流圖書公司。
    徐建樑(1996),《地理資訊系統應用於行動電話基地台區位選址之研究─以台中縣霧峰鄉都市化地區為例質性研究》,朝陽科技大學建築及都市設計研究所碩士論文。
    陳恆鈞(譯)(2001),James P. Lester & Joseph Stewart JR. 著,《公共政策:演進研究途徑》,臺北:學富文化出版社。
    莊東鋒(2004),《行動話基地台抗爭處理模式之研究》,國立中山大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
    黃耀正(2002),《台北市行動話基地台都市景觀管制原則之研究》,國立台北科技大學建築與都市設計研究所碩士論文。
    鄭明宗(2004),《我國寛頻網路政策之回應性評估》,國立台北大學公共行政暨政策學系碩士論文。
    潘明宏、陳志瑋(譯)(2003),C. Frankfort-Nachmias & David Nachmias 著,《最新社會科學研究方法》,臺北:韋伯文化國際。
    臺中市政府法制處(2007),「地方自治與電信業管理與監督」學術研討會會議實錄,臺中市政府。
    貳、英文部分:
    Dunn, W.(1994). Public policy Analysis:An introduction. Washington, DC:Congressional Quarterly Press.
    Guba, E. G. & Lincoln, Y. S.(1981). Effective Evaluation. San Francisco, Jossey-Baas.
    Guba, E. G. & Lincoln, Y. S.(1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. New Bury Park, California:Sage Publications.
    Guba, E. G. & Lincoln, Y. S.(1989). Four Generation Evaluation. New Bury Park, California:Sage Publications.
    Patton, Q. E.(1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. New Bury Park, California : Sage Publications.
    Stake, R. E. (1975). ed. Evaluation the Arts in Education:A responsive approach. Columbus, Ohio:Merrill.
    Stake, R. E. (1994). “ Case Studies, ” in Handbook of Qualitative Research, N. K. Denzin and Y. S. Lincoln, eds. Thousand Oaks, London:Sage.
    參、網站部分:
    世界衛生組織,http://www.who.int/peh-emt
    電機電子工程師學會,http://www.ieee.org
    臺灣電信產業發展協會,http://www.ttida.org.tw
    行政院環境保護署,http://www.epa.gov.tw
    行政院衛生署國民健康局,http://www.bhp.doh.gov.tw
    國家通訊傳播委員會,http://www.ncc.tw
    國立陽明大學放射醫學科學研究所網站,http://ym.edu.tw/rad/cbase
    國際非游離輻射防護委員會,http://www.icnirp.de/
    美國聯邦通訊委員會,http://www.fcc.gov/oet/rfsatety
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    行政管理碩士學程
    95921070
    96
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0095921070
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[行政管理碩士學程(MEPA)] 學位論文

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