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    Title: 醫療器材業務人員的職能模型及甄選效標的效度研究
    Authors: 陳貞如
    Contributors: 黃秉德
    陳貞如
    Keywords: 職能
    業務人員
    醫療器材
    效度
    Date: 2005
    Issue Date: 2009-09-12 12:54:26 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 因為人口老化,生醫材料的快速發展,使得低侵入性醫療器材產業成長快速,而個案公司因為擁有突破性的產品,因此在這幾年業務成長的速度相當快,組織也在這幾年快速的擴充。在組織擴充的同時,個案公司發現人力資源的制度及人才的缺乏,因此引入職能發展及招募的概念,並同時招募人力資源的人才,而在推行職能工具的同時,因為業務主管多年來都以非結構性的面談及應徵者的基本資料,進行甄選,也招募到某些傑出的業務人員,使得整體的銷售達成率,都一直是兩位數的成長,因此當人力資源主管以人力資源的理論,提供業務主管一套更好的甄選方式時,卻發現人力資源主管與業務主管,對於甄選條件有完全不同的看法。

    本研究從文獻資料中,瞭解職能的意義,並且透過不同產業間,職能的比較,及個案公司業務的流程,以理論的方式輔以實際業務主管對於優秀業務人員職能的觀察,分析個案公司職能模型的適用性。另外,本研究也利用個案公司常用的甄選條件,包含業務人員的基本資料,及2005年的績效評分,領導職能及銷售能力職能的評分結果,與表示績效的三個效標進行統計分析,以瞭解個案公司職能模型的效標效度。最後與所有的業務主管訪談,瞭解業務主管對於職能的認知,及列出具有鑑別力的職能項目,以整體分析個案公司職能模型的方式,舉出科學性的證據,支持人力資源主管推行職能工具,並替個案公司找到更好的甄選條件。

    本研究的科學分析結果,並無法解決人力資源主管的問題,因此本研究利用推論的方式,對於實務上的困境提出解決的方式,建議人力資源主管應該先與業務主管進行溝通,建立在業務主管前的信賴度,並且暸解業務主管所採用的甄選條件,並以這些甄選條件及職能的內容與業務主管進行討論,找到適合個案公司的甄選條件及職能面試方式。
    Recent years have witnessed significant growth in the market for less-invasive medical products due to increases in the average age of the population and the rapid development of the biomaterials industry. The company that served as the research-site for the present study also enjoyed a high growth rate and organizational expansion thanks to its ability to produce cutting-edge products that were well-aligned to these market trends. Recognizing the need to improve its existing human resource pool and hire new talent during this period of rapid organizational expansion, the company introduced new forms of competency-based internal development and recruitment. However, since the company’s sales managers had relied upon non-structured interviews and reviews of applicants` basic information as recruitment criteria in the past, they felt that the previously-used methods of recruitment had proven effective by their prior outstanding sales performance levels. Accordingly, the HR manager’s attempts to promulgate competency-based recruitment techniques were met with resistance by the company’s existing sales managers.
    The present study reviews the literature on the competency model by defining it, discussing its overall validity, and comparing competency models that have emerged in various industries. Moreover, it sketches the case company’s business model and offers observations of its outstanding salespersons. Next, the case company’s recruitment criteria, sales-staff information and performance records, leadership competency, and function competency data for the year of 2005 are analyzed according to three sales performance indicators to confirm the criteria validity of its competency model. All of the firm’s sales managers took part in our interviews to test their levels of understanding of competency, as well as to identify distinguished competency items. In short, the purpose of the study was to support the establishment and promotion of more effective HR manager promoting competency concepts and recruitment criteria.

    The scientific results of the study were unable to solve directly the problems encountered by the HR manager in his attempts to employ competency-based hiring procedures. The study attempted to solve the ensuing differences between the sales managers and the HR manager via theoretical implications and suggestions that the HR manager communicate with the sales managers to augment their mutual trust and understand fully the recruitment criteria employed by the sales managers. In this way, it was shown that increased communication and understanding between the HR manager and the sales managers would lead to better overall recruitment criteria for the case company.
    "第一章 緒論 6
    第一節 研究動機 6
    第二節 研究目的 7
    第三節 研究背景 8
    第一項 醫療器材產業 8
    第二項 個案公司 11
    第二章 文獻探討 13
    第一節 工作績效的概念 13
    第二節 職能(JOB COMPETENCY)的概念 15
    第三節 職能辭典的概念 18
    第一項 職能辭典中的業務人員 19
    第二項 銷售週期與業務人員職能的關係 21
    第三項 製藥公司職能研究 26
    第四節 甄選(SELECTION)的概念 28
    第五節 甄選工具效度(VALIDITY)的概念: 職能模型為基礎的甄選方式(COMPETENCY-BASED SELECTION TOOL)之效度測驗 32
    第三章 研究設計 35
    第一節 研究步驟 35
    第二節 研究變數衡量 39
    第一項 員工基本資料 39
    第二項 效標值 40
    第三項 甄選指標 41
    第三節 資料分析方法 43
    第一項 相關性研究方法 43
    第二項 主管訪談 47
    第四章 個案公司業務流程描述 49
    第一節 台灣個案公司的市場狀況 49
    第二節 業務內容 49
    第三節 決定業務組織的過程 50
    第四節 業務發生的過程 51
    第五節 個案公司的職能模型 52
    第一項 領導職能 52
    第二項 銷售能力職能 53
    第六節 績效考核 53
    第七節 甄選方式 57
    第五章 研究結果分析 59
    第一節 職能模型適用性的檢驗 59
    第二節 關聯效度 62
    第一項 效標1: 銷售達成率與各測量值的統計結果 62
    第二項 效標2: 績效項目評分與各測量值的統計結果 67
    第三項 效標3: 整體績效評分與各測量值的統計結果 73
    第三節 主管訪談 77
    第六章 結論與建議 84
    第一節 研究結論 84
    第一項 效標值1: 銷售達成率 84
    第二項 效標值 2: 績效項目評分 85
    第三項 效標值3: 整體績效評分 86
    第四項 主管訪談 87
    第五項 效標值間的關係 89
    第六項 個案公司職能模型與西藥業的比較 91
    第七項 其他產業與個案公司的職能比較分析 94
    第二節 實務的困局 95
    第一項 樣本的限制 95
    第二項 個案公司人力資源的困局 96
    第三節 研究限制 97
    第一項 甄選測驗值的限制 98
    第二項 績效評估的限制 98
    第三項 效標關聯效度的預測效度限制 98
    第四節 研究建議 98
    附件表一 領導職能 101
    附件表二 銷售能力職能 111
    參考文獻 117
    Reference: 一、中文部份
    1. LYLE M. Spencer & SIGNE M. Spencer 著(2002),魏梅金譯,「職能評鑑法-建立卓越績效的模式」,台北: 商周出版社
    2. 大衛. 杜伯伊斯(2001),李芳齡譯,「績效躍進-職能評鑑法的極致運用」,台北: 商周出版社
    3. David S. Goh (2001),「心理測驗學」,台北: 桂冠心理學叢書
    4. 李美玉 (1999),「西藥業業務人員專業核心職能之研究- 以某製藥公司為例」,國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文
    5. 林正茂 (2003),「紙器業銷售人員職能模式發展之個案研究-以正隆股份有限公司為例」,國立雲林科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
    6. 吳信如 (2002),「資訊軟體業業務人員專業核心職能量表之建立」,國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
    7. 李樹中(2001),「業務人員專業職能需求研究以某辦公家具公司為例」,中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
    8. 李欣宜(2000),「職能導向的績效評估表之發展-以製藥公司為例」,國立中央大學人力資源研究所碩士論文。
    9. 何耀庭 (2005),「員工甄選工具效標關聯效度驗證之研究-以A電子公司員工為實證樣本」,中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
    10. 吳復新 (2003),「人力資源管理-理論分析與實務應用」,台北: 華泰文化。
    11. 吳雅玲 (2002),「流通零售業店主管人格特質及核心職能與工作績效表現關係之研究」,國立高雄第一科技大學行銷與流通管理所碩士論文。
    12. 賴遠烽 (2003),「員工職能與績效發展之相關性研究- 以國內某家IC 設計公司之個案分析」,國立交通大學管理科學學程碩士班碩士論文。
    13. 黃康齡 (1990),「以自陳式量表衡量業務人員人格特質之研究」,私立東海大學企業管理研究所論文。
    14. 陳志豪 (1999) ,「業務人員職能需求分析-以某壽險公司為例」,國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
    15. Wood, B.R., & Payne, T. (2001),羅美貞、姜佩秀譯 ,「職能招募與選才」,台北:商周出版社。
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    二、英文部分
    1. Andersson U., Forsgren M., & Holm U. (2002), The Strategic Impact of External Networks: Subsidiary Performance and Competence Development in the Multinational Corporation. Strat. Mgmt. J., 23: 979-996 (2002)
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    17. Minlaeva D., Pedersen T., Bjorkman I., & Park HJ, MNC Knowledge Transfer, Subsidiary Absorptive Capacity, and HRM. Journal of International Business Studies (2003) 34, 586-599
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    21. Stephen P. Robbins (1998) 【Organizational Behavior】, Prentice Hall
    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
    92932522
    94
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0929325221
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[經營管理碩士學程EMBA] 學位論文

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