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Title: | 稅式支出預算編列模式之研究-以我國所得稅為例 |
Authors: | 陳柏森 |
Contributors: | 朱澤民 陳柏森 |
Keywords: | 稅式支出 租稅優惠 所得稅 Tax Expenditure Tax Preference Income Tax |
Date: | 2004 |
Issue Date: | 2009-09-11 17:39:17 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 本研究依據美國P. R. McDaniel與Stanley. S. Surrey所提出之所得稅稅式支出規範準則重新評估檢討;其次,分析國際上稅式支出編製的經驗;再者,將稅式支出項目分類編製;最後,進行稅式支出政策評估。
主要研究發現如下:
一、所得稅稅式支出準則的判斷可以區分為:經濟理論觀點、個別國家觀點、個別稅式支出項目點加以判斷。
二、澳洲、加拿大、美國稅式支出報告比較:1、估計方法:主要均採稅收損失估計法,但美國兼採用收入效果、等量支出與現值的觀念。2、涵蓋範圍:(1)澳洲:所得稅及貨物稅;(2)加拿大:所得稅及財貨勞務稅;(3)美國:聯邦所得稅。3、分類方式:三個國家均就租稅類別進行分類,並以不同的經濟功能項目進行細項目的區分。
三、稅式支出報告及與中央政府總預算關係編製結果:
1、按稅式支出型態區分:
(1)個人綜合所得稅:92年度稅收損失估計為:扣除額:68,424百萬元;免稅所得:61,350百萬元;70歲以上的年長者免稅額增加50﹪部分:4,499百萬元,投資抵減:4,144百萬元。
(2)營利事業所得稅:92年度稅收損失估計為:投資抵減:38,791百萬元;五年免稅:29,924百萬元;免稅所得:17,543百萬元。
2、按機關別區分:
(1)個人綜合所得稅:92年度稅收損失估計為:財政部主管:132,249百萬元;經濟部工業局主管:3,886百萬元;交通部主管:2,560百萬元。
(2)營利事業所得稅:92年度稅收損失估計為:財政部主管:18,725百萬元;經濟部工業局主管:54,239百萬元;交通部主管:5,525.3百萬元;金融監理委員會主管:3,144百萬元。
3、按政事別區分:92年度稅式支出金額調整前的決算數總計為1,618,130百萬元,而所得稅稅式支出調整數為221,234.6百萬元,約為92年度調整前決算數的13.67﹪,故調整後之總計金額為1,839,364.6百萬元。
四、稅式支出政策評估及改進方向:
(1)個人綜合所得稅:我國各項扣除額稅式支出,使得高所得者的租稅利益遠高於低所得者,而加深了不公平的現象。因此,建議採行線性所得稅的概念,以減少其不公平性。並增進效率面的效果。
(2)營利事業所得稅:政府的稅式支出政策或獎勵措施,應僅就具有「外部性利益」的現象給予獎勵,使其內在利益透過此些措施,而增加其供給量,並使社會生產量達到最適。 An income tax system is composed of two different elements. One is the normative tax structure necessary to implement a normal tax and the other is the special preferences that departure from the normative tax structure.
The term “tax expenditure” refers to departures from the normal tax structure designed to provide benefits to specific industry, group or activity by relieving their tax obligations.
Tax expenditures are always excluded form traditional budget and not known in advance by the public, so these tax concessions should be considered as an “off budget” expenditure or indirect spending. In contrast, the standard government budget process is open and completed by monitoring and controlling in the government’s comprehensive annual budget report.
Under the former, the purpose of tax expenditure report is to provide a useful tool in managing and controlling the governmental budget as direct spending to the administrative and legislative department. |
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Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 會計研究所 92353045 93 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0923530451 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [會計學系] 學位論文
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