Loading...
|
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/159706
|
| Title: | 民眾對重分配政策偏好的影響因素：東亞地區的多層模型分析
Factors Influencing Public Preferences for Redistributive Policies: A Multilevel Analysis in East Asia |
| Authors: | 陳弘儒
Chen, Hong-Ru |
| Contributors: | 蕭怡靖
Hsiao, Yi-Ching
陳弘儒
Chen, Hong-Ru |
| Keywords: | 重分配政策偏好
東亞地區
多層次迴歸模型
Redistribution preferences
East Asia
Multilevel regression models |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-10-02 11:13:21 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究試圖探討東亞民眾對重分配政策的偏好，建構多層模型以了解個體、總體因素對於重分配政策偏好的影響。自1970年起，不少東亞國家利用廉價勞動力、優惠政策吸引外商投資，成功推動經濟發展，進而邁入已開發國家的行列。然而，經濟增長的同時，東亞地區也面臨著貧富差距加大、民主轉型、政府結構的革新及人口老化等一系列挑戰。
在此背景下，本文認為諸多總體因素影響了民眾的重分配偏好。為了對既有文獻進行補充、提供實證證據。本論文利用「亞洲民主動態調查」(Asian Barometer Survey,ABS)中第五波的個體調查資料，配合世界銀行(World Bank)、自由之家(Freedom House)等多個跨國資料庫，進行多層模型分析，探討不同因素對個人重分配政策偏好的影響。
本研究結果顯示，「民主自由程度」雖未直接影響整體民眾對重分配政策的支持，但會影響不同收入群體的態度，使經濟弱勢者更傾向支持重分配政策。「政府品質」對重分配偏好具顯著影響，但不同面向的政府品質則會呈現不同方向的效果。「人口老化」對重分配偏好產生負面且顯著的影響，但不同年齡群體對重分配政策的態度差異明顯，特別是壯年族群，可能因承擔較高稅負，傾向反對重分配政策的施行。最後，貧富差距對重分配政策偏好的影響，主要是來自民眾個體的主觀認知，而非國家整體的客觀數據。
This study attempts to investigate the preferences of East Asian people for redistributive policies, and constructs a multilevel model to understand the effects of individual and aggregate factors on preferences for redistributive policies. Since 1970, many East Asian countries have successfully promoted their economic development by utilizing cheap labor and preferential policies to attract foreign investment. However, along with the economic growth, the East Asian region also faces a series of challenges, including rich-poor gap, democratic transformation, renewal of governmental structure, and population ageing.
Against this background, this paper argues that aggregate factors have influenced people's redistribution preferences. In order to supplement the existing literature. This paper utilizes the data from the fifth wave of the Asian Barometer Survey (ABS), together with the World Bank, Freedom House, and other government databases, to conduct a multilevel modeling analysis to investigate the influence of different factors on redistribution policy preferences.
The results show that while democratic freedom does not directly influence redistribution preferences, it shapes which groups support redistributive policies. Government quality also significantly affects redistribution preferences, though different aspects of quality have varying impacts. Population ageing negatively influences support for redistribution, with middle-aged groups particularly opposed due to heavier tax burdens. Lastly, attitudes toward redistribution are driven more by individuals' perceived wealth gap than by the objective Gini Index. |
| Reference: | 中文部分
吳親恩，2007，〈所得分配惡化對公共支出增加的影響: 1980-2004〉， 《東吳政治學報》，25(1): 73-114。
吳親恩、練暐妍，2022，〈香港最低工資政策：發展型福利資本主義的轉向？〉， 《政治學報》，74(1): 65-106。
林常青、張俊仁、盧姝璿，2017，〈薪資停滯？事實陳述與亞洲跨國比較〉， 《人文及社會科學集刊》，29(1): 87-125。
林鉦棽、彭台光，2006，〈多層次管理研究: 分析層次的概念，理論和方法〉， 《管理學報》，23(6): 649-675。
陳文學、羅清俊，2012，〈影響臺灣民眾重分配政策偏好的因素〉， 《人文及社會科學集刊》，24(3): 367-397。
陳怡如，2018，〈影響台灣民眾支持社會福利的因素－明確二分集合的分析〉， 《臺灣民主季刊》，15(2): 101-145。
張傳賢，2014，〈利己或利他: 民眾於2012年總統選舉中重分配議題的立場〉， 《選舉研究》，21(2 ): 43-80。
黃信豪，2006，〈多層模型於選民投票行為研究的應用: 以 2004 年總統選舉為例〉， 《東吳政治學報》，22(1): 161-204。
勞動部，2006，〈國際勞動統計〉，勞動部網站：https://www.mol.gov.tw/1607/2458/2464/2470/ ，檢索日期：2025年2月1日。
詹火生，2000，〈社會政策〉，載於《社會工作辭典》，蔡漢賢主編，臺北：內政部。
楊昊，2015，〈戒律式民主的脆弱轉型: 緬甸2015年國會大選的意義〉， 《問題與研究》，54 (4): 153-164。
董祥開、郭建佑，2017，〈流動性認知對重分配政策偏好之影響〉， 《空大行政學報》，31 (1): 37-70。
葉崇揚、蔡明璋、呂建德，2017，〈台灣民眾對社會福利的態度－體制評價、道德經濟、階級與世代的影響〉， 《臺灣民主季刊》，14(2): 1-48。
溫福星、邱皓政，2009，〈多層次模型方法論: 階層線性模式的關鍵議題與試解〉， 《臺大管理論叢》，19(2): 263-293。
薛健吾，2019，〈民主程度和發展程度對各國二氧化碳排放治理的影響〉， 《臺灣民主季刊》，16(2): 65-117。
謝國雄，1999，《純勞動:台灣勞動體制諸論》，臺北：中央研究院社會學研究所籌備處。
英文部分
Alcock, Cliff. 2014. Introducing Social Policy. London: Routledge.
Ahmad, Mahyudin. 2017. “Economic Freedom and Income Inequality: Does Political Regime Matter?” Economies 5(2): 1-18.
Aspalter, Christian. 2006. “The East Asian Welfare Model.” International Journal of Social Welfare 15(4): 290-301.
Bartels, Larry M. 2008. Unequal Democracy: The Political Economy of the New Gilded Age. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Baumann, Hannes. 2020. “The Corruption Perception Index and the Political Economy of Governing at a Distance.” International Relations 34(4): 504-523.
Benabou, Roland, and Efe A. Ok. 2001. “Social Mobility and the Demand for Redistribution: The Poum Hypothesis.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 116(2): 447-487.
Benabou, Roland, and Jean Tirole. 2006. “Belief in a Just World and Redistributive Politics.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 121(2): 699-746.
Berg, Andrew, Ostry D. Jonathan, Tsangarides G. Charalambos, and Yakhshilikov Yorbol. 2018. “Redistribution, Inequality, and Growth: New Evidence.” Journal of Economic Growth 23(3): 259-305.
Bobzien, Licia. 2019. “Polarized Perceptions, Polarized Preferences? Understanding the Relationship between Inequality and Preferences for Redistribution.” Journal of European Social Policy 30(2): 206-224.
Cavaillé, Charlotte, and Kris-Stella Trump. 2015. “The Two Facts of Social Policy Preferences.” The Journal of Politics 77(1): 146-160.
Chang, Chuan-hsien. 2018. “How do Asian Values Constrain Public Support for Redistribution? ” Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics 77 (1): 139-150.
Chang, Chuan-hsien. 2020. “Why is Welfare Provision Unpopular in China?” Democratization 27(8): 1335-1353.
Chang, Wen‐Chun. 2010. “Religion and Preferences for Redistributive Policies in an East Asian Country ” Poverty & Public Policy 2(4): 81-109.
Choi, Gwangeun. 2019. “Revisiting the Redistribution Hypothesis with Perceived Inequality and Redistributive Preferences.” European Journal of Political Economy 58(1): 220-244.
Charron, Nicholas, Niklas Harring, and Victor Lapuente. 2021. “Trust, Regulation, and Redistribution Why Some Governments Overregulate and Under‐Eedistribute.” Regulation & Governance 15(1): 3-16.
Cohen, Jacob. 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences(2nd ed.). Hillsdale,NJ: Eribaum.
Croissant, Aurel, and Stefan Wurster. 2013. “Performance and Persistence of Autocracies in Comparison: Introducing Issues and Perspectives.” Contemporary Politics 19(1): 1-18.
Dahl, Robert A. 2005. On Democracy. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Deyo, Frederic C. 1989. Beneath the Miracle: Labor Subordination in the New Asian Industrialism. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Eriksson, Kimmo, and Brent Simpson. 2012. “What Do Americans Know About Inequality? It Depends on How You Ask Them.” Judgment and Decision Making 7(6): 741-745.
Esping-Andersen, Gøsta. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
------. 1997. “Hybrid or Unique? The Japanese Welfare State Between Europe and America.” Journal of European Social Policy 7(3): 179-189.
Fatke, Matthias. 2018. “Inequality Perceptions, Preferences Conducive to Redistribution, and the Conditioning Role of Social Position.” Societies 8(4): 99.
Fox, John, and Georges Monette. 1992. “Generalized collinearity diagnostics.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 87(417): 178-183.
Fox, John. 2016. Applied Regression Analysis and Generalized Linear Models (Third Edition) . London: Sage Publications.
Freedom House. 2018. Freedom in the world 2018: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Washington: Freedom House
------. 2019. Freedom in the world 2019: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Washington: Freedom House
------. 2020. Freedom in the world 2020: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties. Washington: Freedom House
Fu, Tsung-hsi, and Gyu-Jin Hwang. 2017. “Reforming Public Pensions in Democratizing Korea and Taiwan: Actors, Institutions and Policy Outcomes.” Journal of Asian Public Policy 11(1): 67-82.
Galasso, Vincenzo, and Paola Profeta. 2002. “The Political Economy of Social Security: a Survey.” European Journal of Political Economy 18(1): 1-29.
Ghiglino, Christian, David Juárez-Luna, and Andreas Müller. 2021. “Class Altruism and Redistribution.” The Economic Journal 131(640): 3274-3295.
Gough, Ian. 2004. “East Asia: The Limits of Productivist Regimes.” In Insecurity and Welfare Regimes in Asia, Africa and Latin America: Social policy, eds. Ian Gough, Geof Wood, and Armando Barrientos. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Greve, Bent. 2008. “Risk and Welfare.” Social Policy & Administration 42(6): 710-713.
Hagist, Christian, and Laurence J. Kotlikoff. 2005. “Who’s Going Broke? Comparing Growth in Healthcare Costs in Ten OECD Countries.” https://doi.org/10.3386/w11833 (accessed October 22, 2024).
Hess, Moritz, Elias Nauman, and Leander Steinkopf. 2016. “Population Ageing, the Intergenerational Conflict, and Active Ageing Policies - A Multilevel Study of 27 European Countries.” Journal of Population Ageing: 10(1): 11-23.
Hessami, Zohal, and Silke Uebelmesse. 2016. “A Political-Economy Perspective on Social Expenditures: Corruption and In-Kind Nersus Cash Transfer.” Economics of Governance 17(1): 71-100.
Hoekstra, Joris. 2003. “Housing and the Welfare State in the Netherlands: An Application of Esping-Andersen’s Typology.” Housing, Theory and Society 20(2): 58-71.
Hofmann, David A. 1997. “An Overview of the Logic and Rationale of Hierarchical Linear Models.” Journal of management 23(6): 723-744.
Hoffman, Lesa, and Ryan W. Walters. 2022. “Catching up on Multilevel Modeling.” Annual Review of Psychology 73(1): 659-689.
Hofstede, Geer. 1980. “Culture and Organizations.” International Studies of Management & Organization 10(4): 15-41.
Holliday, Ian. 2000. “Productivist Welfare Capitalism: Social Policy in East Asia.” Political Studies 48(4): 706-723.
Holý, Vladimír, and Tomáš Evan. 2022. “The Role of a Nation’s Culture in the Country’s Governance: Stochastic Frontier Analysis.” Central European Journal of Operations Research 30(2): 507-520.
Iversen, Torben, and David Soskice. 2001. “An Asset Theory of Social Policy Preferences.” American Political Science Review 95(4): 875-893.
Kanbur, Ravi, Changyong Rhee, and Juzhong Zhuang. 2014. Inequality in Asia and the Pacific : Trends, Drivers, and Policy Implications. London: Routledge.
Karakoç, Ekrem. 2014.Inequality after the Transition: Political Parties, Party Systems, and Social Policy in Southern and Postcommunist Europe. New York: Oxford University Press.
Karadja, Mounir, Johanna Mollerstrom, and David Seim. 2017. “Richer (and Holier) Than Thou? The Effect of Relative Income Improvements on Demand for Redistribution.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 99(2): 201-212.
Kim, Hansung, Sooyeon Huh, Sangmi Choi, and Yushin Lee. 2017. “Perceptions of Inequality and Attitudes Towards Redistribution in Four East Asian Welfare States.” International Journal of Social Welfare 27(1): 28-39.
Kim, Seung-Kyung. 1996. “Big Companies Don’t Hire Us, Married Women: Exploitation and Empowerment among Women Workers in South Korea.” Feminist Studies 22(3): 555-571.
Kim, Yeon-Myung. 2008. “Beyond East Asian Welfare Productivism in South Korea.” Policy & Politics 36(1): 109-125.
Klor, Esteban F., and Moses Shayo. 2010. “Social Identity and Preferences Over Redistribution.” Journal of Public Economics 94(3-4): 269-278.
Knell, Markus, and Helmut Stix. 2020. “Perceptions of Inequality.” European Journal of Political Economy 65(1): 101927.
Korpi, Walter. 2020. The Democratic Class Struggle. London: Routledge.
Ku, Yeun-Wen, and Catherine Jones Finer. 2007. “Evelopments in East Asian Welfare Studies.” Social Policy & Administration 41(2): 115-131.
Kuhn, Andreas. 2011. “In the Eye of the Beholder: Subjective Inequality Measures and Individuals’assessment of Market Justice.” European Journal of Political Economy 27(4): 625-641.
Kwon, Soonman, and Ian Holliday. 2007. “The Korean Welfare State: A Paradox of Expansion in an Era of Globalisation and Economic Crisis.” International Journal of Social Welfare 16(3): 242-248.
Langbein, Laura, and Stephen Knack. 2010. “The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Six, One, or None? ” The Journal of Development Studies 46(2): 350-370.
Lai, Ding-Yi, Jen-Der Lue, and Wen-Chin Wu. 2021. “Intergenerational Mobility and Preference for Redistribution: Evidence from East Asia.” Journal of Asian Public Policy 14(1): 45-62.
Lowi, Theodore J. 1972. “Four Systems of Policy, Politics, and Choice.” Public Administration Review 32(4): 298-310.
Lühiste, Kadri. 2014. “Social Protection and Satisfaction with Democracy: A Multi-level Analysis.” Political Studies 62(4): 784-803.
Luttmer, Erzo F.P. 2001. “Group Loyalty and the Taste for Redistribution.” Journal of Political Economy 109(3): 500-528.
Manwaring, Rob. 2021.The Politics of Social Democracy. London: Routledge.
Margalit, Yotam. 2019. “Political Responses to Economic Shocks.” Annual Review of Political Science 22(1): 277-295.
Mcdoom, Shahabudin Omar, Reyes Celia, Mina Christian, and Asis Ronina. 2019. “Inequality between Whom? Patterns, Trends, and Implications of Horizontal Inequality in the Philippines.” Social Indicators Research 145(3): 923-942.
Meltzer, Allan H., and Scott F. Richard. 1981. “A Rational Theory of the Size of Government.” Journal of Political Economy 89(5): 914-927.
Midgley, James. 1995. Social Development: The Developmental Perspective in Social Welfare. London: Sage Publications.
Midtbø, Tor. 2018. “Democracy and the Demand for Government Redistribution: A Survey Analysis.” European Journal of Political Research 57(4): 829-844.
Molina, Oscar, and Martin Rhodes. 2002. “Corrporatism: The Past, Present, and Future of a Concept.” Annual Review of Political Science 5(1): 305-331.
Murphy, Ryan H. 2025. “Social Repression and Variation within the Human Freedom Index.” Social Indicators Research 177(1): 1193-1212.
Naumann, Elia. 2017. “Do Increasing Reform Pressures Change Welfare State Attitudes? An Experimental Study on Population Ageing, Pension Reform Preferences, Political Knowledge and Ideology.” Ageing & Society 37(2): 266-294.
Niehues, Judith. 2014. “Subjective Perceptions of Inequality and Redistributive Preferences: An International Comparison..” Cologne Institute for Economic Research 2(1): 23.
Norton, Michael I., and Dan Ariely. 2011. “Building a Better America-One Wealth Quintile at a Time.” Perspectives on Psychological Science 6(1): 9-12.
O'Connell, Ann A., D. Betsy McCoach, and Bethany A. Bell. 2022. Multilevel modeling methods with introductory and advanced applications. Information Age Publishing.
Pecoraro, Brandon. 2017. “Why Don’t Voters Put the Gini Back in the Bottle? Inequality and Economic Preferences for Redistribution.” European Economic Review 93(1): 152-172.
Peng, Ito, and Joseph Wong. 2008. “Institutions and Institutional Purpose: Continuity and Change in East Asian Social Policy.” Politics & Society 36(1): 61-88.
Pierson, Paul. 1996. “The New Politics of the Welfare State.” World politics 48(2): 143-179.
Petrova, Bilyana. 2021. “Redistribution and the Quality of Government: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe.” British Journal of Political Science 51(1): 374-393.
Razin, Assaf, Efraim Sadka, and Phillip Swagel. 2002. “The Aging Population and the Size of the Welfare State.” Journal of Political Economy 110(4): 900-918.
Rehm, Philipp. 2005. “Citizen Support for the Welfare State: Determinants of Preferences for Income Redistribution.” WZB Markets and Political Economy Working Paper No. SP 2(2).
Rothstein, Bo, Marcus Samanni, and Jan Teorell. 2011. “Explaining the Welfare State: Power Resources vs. the Quality of Government.” European Political Science Review 4(1): 1-28.
Rothstein, Bo, and Jan Teorell. 2008. “What is Quality of Government? A Theory of Impartial Government Institutions.” Governance 21(2): 165-190.
Rohwer, Anja. 2009. “Measuring Corruption: a Comparison Between the Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index and the World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators.” CESifo DICE Report 7(3): 42-52.
Rueda, David. 2018. “Food Comes First, Then Morals: Redistribution Preferences, Parochial Altruism, and Immigration in Western Europe.” The Journal of Politics 80(1): 225-239.
Sánchez, Angélica, and Thomas Goda. 2017. “Corruption and the Paradox of Redistribution.” Social Indicators Research 140(2): 675-693.
Scheve, Kenneth, and David Stasavage. 2006. “Religion and Preferences for Social Insurance.” Quarterly Journal of Political Science 1(3): 255-286.
Snijders, Tom A.B., and Roel Bosker. 2011. Multilevel Analysis: An Introduction to Basic and Advanced Multilevel Modeling. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Sears, Alan. 1999. “The Lean State and Capitalist Restructuring: Towards a Theoretical Account.” Studies in Political Economy 59(1): 91-114.
Sharony, Chen, Shlomo Mizrahi, and Miki Malul. 2016. “Public Preferences for Redistribution and Policy Outcomes - Comparative Study.” https://extranet.sioe.org/uploads/sioe2017/sharony_mizrahi_malul.pdf (accessed October 19, 2024).
Shayo, Moses. 2009. “A Model of Social Identity with an Application to Political Economy: Nation, Class, and Redistribution.” American Political Science Review 103(02): 147-174.
Sinn, Hans-Werner, and Silke Uebelmesser. 2003. “Pensions and the Path to Gerontocracy in Germany.” European Journal of Political Economy 19(1): 153-158.
Solt, Frederick. 2011. “Diversionary Nationalism: Economic Inequality and the Formation of National Pride.” The Journal of Politics 73(3): 821-830.
Tajfel, Henri. 1979. “Individuals and Groups in Social Psychology.” British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 18(2): 183-190.
Western, Bruce.1998. “Causal Heterogeneity in Comparative Research: A Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling Approach.” American Journal of Political Science 42(4): 1233-1259.
World Bank. 2025a. “Worldwide Governance Indicators” www.govindicators.org(Accessed on 3/30/2025) .
World Bank. 2025b. “Health Nutrition and Population Statistics” https://databank.worldbank.org/source/health-nutrition-and-population-statistics/Series/SP.POP.DPND.OL (Accessed on 3/30/2025) .
World Bank. 2025c. “Poverty and Inequality Platform” https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI (Accessed on 3/30/2025) .
Wright, Erik Olin. 2000. “Working-Class Power, Capitalist-Class Interests, and Class Compromise.” American Journal of Sociology 105(4): 957-1002. |
| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
政治學系
111252019 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111252019 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [政治學系] 學位論文
|
Files in This Item:
| File |
Size | Format | |
|---|
| 201901.pdf | 1004Kb | Adobe PDF | 1 | View/Open |
|
All items in 政大典藏 are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved.
|
