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Title: | 房間裡的大象: 臺灣居家照顧服務中的性與親密越界 The Elephant in the Room: Sexual and Intimacy Transgressions in Taiwan’s Home Care Services |
Authors: | 陳佩妤 Chen, Pei-Yu |
Contributors: | 李韶芬 高國魁 Lee, Shao-Fen Kao, Kuo-Kuei 陳佩妤 Chen, Pei-Yu |
Keywords: | 長期照顧 居服員 照顧工作 性 親密越界 照顧服務員訓練 Long-Term Care (LTC) Home care attendants Care work Sexualities Intimacy transgression Care attendant training program |
Date: | 2025 |
Issue Date: | 2025-09-01 16:59:33 (UTC+8) |
Abstract: | 性與親密議題長期存在於照顧現場,使工作者常面臨專業與倫理兩難,而在互動高度個人化、情境多變的居家場域中,張力尤為顯著。然而長照體制對此多諱莫如深。過往研究多以「性騷擾」為框架,鮮少探討倫理、情感與制度因素交織下的複雜性。本研究以「親密越界」重新概念化長照場域的性與親密互動,探討臺灣長期照顧體制下的工作者如何認知與回應「性」,超越將「性」視為侵擾或偏差的單一理解,揭示照顧互動的多元樣貌。 本研究以臺灣居家照顧服務為場域,結合參與式觀察、深度訪談與文本分析。研究者親身參與照顧培訓並從事七個月居服工作,以深入體察實務。研究發現,訓練內容簡略,學用落差明顯,且對敏感議題涵蓋有限。照顧服務不僅涉及知識與技術,更是關係性的專業,使案家感到「放心」往往是照顧的核心內涵。而「放心」正是基於照顧的高度親密之上,「親密越界」的情境亦常伴隨而生。 透過訪談30位居服員與督導,並整理相關法規、司法判決及社群討論等資料,本研究分析指出,居服員在面對受照顧者的「親密越界」時,所採取策略可歸納為排除、迴避及涵納。「排除」策略對照顧互動去性化,以較直接、果斷的方式制止案主逾越行為;「迴避」策略承認案主的「性」主體性,但以較間接、柔和方式維持照顧關係和諧;而「涵納」策略以較開放、包容的態度將案主的「性」納入照顧服務之中。上述策略反映居服員在技術、倫理、專業與情感之間的協商,並因情境不同而異。 研究最後從巨觀視角切入,指出性與親密議題在制度與文化中長期被邊緣化,體現在專業訓練、勞動保障與心理支持等多重層面。這不僅使居服員需要自行面對挑戰並承擔代價,也使受照顧者的需求不被看見,形成照顧中的「制度性佯生(tìnn-tshinn)」。性與親密不僅是專業與倫理的挑戰,更反映社會制度與文化如何界定照顧的範疇與內涵。 Issues of sexuality and intimacy have long been present in care settings, frequently placing care workers in dual professional and ethical dilemmas. These tensions are particularly pronounced in home-based care, where interactions are highly personalized and contexts are complex. Nevertheless, Taiwan’s Long-Term Care (LTC) system often adopts a tacit attitude toward these topics, treating them as the “elephant in the room.” Prior studies have primarily framed such situations as “sexual harassment,” overlooking the complex interplay of ethical, emotional, and institutional factors that shape care workers’ decision-making. This study reconceptualizes sexual and intimate interactions in LTC through the lens of “intimacy transgression,” moving beyond simplistic understandings of sexuality as mere violation or personal deviance, and explores how the LTC system and care workers in Taiwan recognize and respond to these dynamics. The study focuses on home-based care services and employs a combination of participant observation, in-depth interviews, and textual analysis. To gain an in-depth understanding of care practices, the researcher first participated in a care attendant training program and spent seven months providing home care, acquiring embodied insight into the labor practices and service content. Findings indicate that training programs for care workers in Taiwan are brief and limited, resulting in a significant gap between learning and practice, which hinders effective responses to practical challenges and rarely addresses issues of sexuality and intimacy. In home care, services extend beyond mere physical assistance to embody relational forms of professional practice: alongside mastering care knowledge and skills, fostering a sense of “reassurance” in care recipients constitutes a core aspect of caregiving. This sense of reassurance stems from the inherently intimate nature of care relationships, which in turn heightens the likelihood of situations described as “intimacy transgression.” To further investigate care workers’ practical responses, the study conducted interviews with 30 home care attendants and supervisors, and analyzed relevant regulations, judicial rulings, and discussions in professional online communities. Analysis revealed that when confronted with “intimate transgression,” care workers employ strategies that can be categorized as exclusion, avoidance, and inclusion. “Exclusion” involves de-sexualizing the care interaction, employing direct and decisive measures to prevent the care recipient’s transgressive behavior. ‘Avoidance’ acknowledges and accommodates the care recipient’s sexual subjectivity, maintaining the harmony of the care relationship through more indirect or subtle means. ‘Inclusion,’ meanwhile, entails a more open and accepting approach that incorporates the recipient’s sexuality into the provision of care. These strategies reflect negotiated responses balancing technical knowledge, ethical considerations, professional standards, and emotional engagement, with variations across different care contexts. From a macro perspective, the study highlights the long-standing marginalization of sexuality and intimacy within institutional and cultural frameworks. This marginalization not only profoundly affects the operation of LTC services but also shapes societal perceptions of care. It manifests in multiple aspects, including professional training, practice guidelines, labor rights protection, and psychological support, leaving sexuality largely unaddressed within the system. Consequently, care workers are left to confront individually and bear the associated costs, while care recipients’ needs may be overlooked, resulting in what can be termed the “systemic pretense” of care. Sexuality and intimacy thus constitute dual professional and ethical challenges, revealing how social institutions and cultural norms delineate the boundaries and essence of care. |
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Description: | 碩士 國立政治大學 社會學系 108254009 |
Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0108254009 |
Data Type: | thesis |
Appears in Collections: | [Department of Sociology] Theses
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