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| Title: | 「紅色開源」：中國大型語言模型的技術創新與國家控制
Red Open Source: Technological Innovation and State Control of China's Large Language Models |
| Authors: | 唐優來
Tomek, Juraj |
| Contributors: | 黃兆年
Huang, Jaw-Nian
唐優來
Juraj Tomek |
| Keywords: | 中國科技政策
人工智慧治理
數據治理
大型語言模型
生成式人工智慧
China's technology policy
AI governance
Data Governance
Large language models
Generative AI |
| Date: | 2025 |
| Issue Date: | 2025-09-01 16:11:21 (UTC+8) |
| Abstract: | 本研究探討習近平領導下中國共產黨的政策與治理風格如何塑造開源大型語言模型的開發與部署，並以 DeepSeek 與阿里巴巴通義千問為比較案例。研究首先分析中國人工智慧治理的制度環境及其「游擊式」政策風格，說明該模式如何透過靈活、迭代的監管機制，在創新與政治控制之間維持張力並重新分配市場資源。透過引入系統存取等級之概念，本文旨在釐清人工智慧（AI）領域中對「開源」一詞經常含糊不清的界定，並提供精確之分析框架以進行比較研究。比較案例揭示中國人工智慧生態系統的根本矛盾：在毛式群眾動員與集中審查之間求取平衡，在經濟發展與「共同富裕」使命之間協調取捨，並在追求國際人工智慧合作的同時，維繫民族主義意識形態的一致性。本研究發現，中共透過優惠補貼、國家股權、強制演算法備案與市場准入壁壘等保護性措施，結合網信辦等監管機構的反饋迭代，塑造出一個動態但受控的創新環境。與此同時，生成式人工智慧產業的演化亦深受市場力量驅動——激烈的商業競爭推動企業在演算法突破、運算資源及全球市場份額上展開角力，使其在回應政治優先事項的同時，亦須維持技術創新與盈利能力。此治理模式在促進本土企業成長的同時，亦可能限制更廣泛的創新生態，凸顯中國在爭取全球人工智慧領導地位時，必須持續應對科技進步、意識形態控制與市場競爭之間的結構性矛盾。
By comparing recent open-weight large language models initiatives from DeepSeek and Alibaba, this paper examines how the Chinese Communist Party’s policies and governance style under Xi Jinping shape the development and deployment of open-source large language models. The analysis centers on China’s institutional environment in relation to the AI governance and the “guerrilla-style” policy approach, examining ways in which China's regulatory framework navigates tensions between innovation and political control through flexible, iterative regulatory mechanisms while managing resource allocation. By introducing the concept of system access levels, the paper also seeks to clarify the often-ambiguous definition of “open source” in the AI domain and provide a more precise analytical framework for comparative research. The selected comparative cases reveal a fundamental contradiction in China’s AI ecosystem: balancing Mao-style mass mobilization with centralized censorship; reconciling economic growth with the mission of “common prosperity”; and pursuing international AI cooperation while maintaining the ideological consistency of nationalism. The study reveals how the Chinese Communist Party uses protective measures such as preferential subsidies, state equity stakes, mandatory algorithm registration, market access barriers, in addition to iterative governance seen within regulatory bodies such as the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) to shape the dynamic, albeit controlled innovation environment. China's generative AI is equally driven by market forces with intense competition pushes companies to compete in algorithmic breakthroughs, computing resources, and global market share. As a result, they must sustain technological innovation and profitability while responding to political priorities. Although this governance model fosters the growth of domestic companies, it may also constrain the broader innovation ecosystem, underscoring the structural tensions that the Party and their leader must navigate between technological advancement, ideological control and market competition in its bid for global AI leadership. |
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| Description: | 碩士
國立政治大學
國家發展研究所
109261027 |
| Source URI: | http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109261027 |
| Data Type: | thesis |
| Appears in Collections: | [國家發展研究所] 學位論文
|
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| 102701.pdf | | 1844Kb | Adobe PDF | 0 | View/Open |
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