English  |  正體中文  |  简体中文  |  Post-Print筆數 : 27 |  全文筆數/總筆數 : 118204/149236 (79%)
造訪人次 : 74193950      線上人數 : 87
RC Version 6.0 © Powered By DSPACE, MIT. Enhanced by NTU Library IR team.
搜尋範圍 查詢小技巧:
  • 您可在西文檢索詞彙前後加上"雙引號",以獲取較精準的檢索結果
  • 若欲以作者姓名搜尋,建議至進階搜尋限定作者欄位,可獲得較完整資料
  • 進階搜尋
    政大機構典藏 > 文學院 > 臺灣史研究所 > 學位論文 >  Item 140.119/159195
    請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/handle/140.119/159195


    題名: 「日本模式」對卡特時期美中關係正常化、軍售及和平承諾的影響
    The Impact of the ";Japan Model";on U.S.-China Normalization: Its Process, Arms Sales, and Peace Commitments during the Carter Administration
    作者: 林昆儀
    Lin, Kun-Yi
    貢獻者: 前田直樹
    Maeda, Naoki
    林昆儀
    Lin, Kun-Yi
    關鍵詞: 卡特政府
    對臺軍售
    美中關係正常化
    日本模式
    和平承諾
    Carter administration
    U.S. arms sales to Taiwan
    Normalization of U.S.–China relations
    Japan model
    Peace commitment
    日期: 2025
    上傳時間: 2025-09-01 15:42:03 (UTC+8)
    摘要: 本文探討卡特(Carter)政府時期美中關係正常化過程中,臺灣問題如何成為談判的核心障礙,以及雙方如何透過語言策略與制度設計建構一種「模糊穩定」的外交架構。中國提出「日本模式」作為美國處理臺灣問題的參考,要求斷交、撤軍與終止防禦條約。然而,由於美國與臺灣長期維持軍事同盟關係,無法完全比照日中模式處理,因此透過《台灣關係法》、美國在臺協會與對臺軍售,保留實質聯繫空間。
    美國持續對臺軍售具有高度象徵性,不僅彌補軍事聯盟終止的空缺,更作為穩定臺灣政權與國際信心的手段。美中雙方在談判中,對於是否放棄武力統一臺灣、是否同意美國對臺軍售、是否承認臺灣的主權歸屬均未明言,而是以模糊語言與政治默契保留各自解釋空間。本文透過檔案與歷史文本分析指出,這種雙重模糊構成了雙方在冷戰格局下的務實妥協,也成為後續美中臺三邊穩定但脆弱的關係。
    This thesis examines how the Taiwan issue emerged as the central obstacle in the normalization of U.S.–China relations during the Carter administration, and how both sides employed linguistic strategies and institutional arrangements to construct a framework of “stable ambiguity.” China proposed the “Japan model” as a reference for the U.S. approach to Taiwan, demanding diplomatic severance, troop withdrawal, and the termination of the defense treaty. However, given the long-standing U.S.–Taiwan military alliance, Washington could not fully replicate the Sino–Japanese precedent. Instead, it preserved substantive ties through the Taiwan Relations Act, the American Institute in Taiwan, and continued arms sales.
    U.S. arms sales to Taiwan carried strong symbolic weight: they compensated for the void left by the termination of the alliance, while also serving to stabilize the regime on Taiwan and bolster international confidence. In the negotiations, neither side explicitly addressed the use of force against Taiwan, U.S. arms sales, or the recognition of Taiwan’s sovereignty. Rather, both relied on ambiguous language and tacit understandings to preserve interpretive flexibility. Drawing on archival and historical analysis, this paper argues that such dual ambiguity constituted a pragmatic compromise under the Cold War order and laid the foundation for a trilateral relationship among the United States, China, and Taiwan that was stable yet fragile.
    參考文獻: 一、檔案
    1.The U.S. Department Of State ed., Foreign Relations of the United States (abbreviated as FRUS), 1955-1957, vol. III, China(Washington D.C.: United States Government Printing Office,1986).
    2.The U.S. Department Of State ed., Foreign Relations of the United States (abbreviated as FRUS), 1977-1980, vol. XIII, China (Washington D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 2013).
    3.The U.S. Department Of State ed., Foreign Relations of the United States (abbreviated as FRUS), 1973-1976, vol. XVIII, China. (Washington D.C.: United States Government Printing Office,2007).
    4.The U.S. Department Of State ed., Foreign Relations of the United States (abbreviated as FRUS), 1969-1972, vol. XIX, Part 2, Japan (Washington D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 2018).
    5.The U.S. Department Of State ed., Foreign Relations of the United States (abbreviated as FRUS), 1969-1972, vol. XVII, China. (Washington D.C.: United States Government Printing Office,2006).
    6.“Memorandum from Philip Habib, William Gleysteen, Winston Lord and Richard H. Solomon to Secretary Kissinger on U.S.-China relations, U.S. policy towards China and approaches to President Ford's Peking trip.” United States: National Security Council, 3 July 1975. U.S. Declassified Documents Online (accessed August 22, 2025). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CK2349143392/USDD?u=nccu&sid=bookmark-USDD&xid=7aa525b6&pg=15.
    7.“Summary of a meeting between President Jimmy Carter and Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser regarding: U.S.-Australian relations; U.S. policy toward Southeast Asia; Chinese-Taiwanese relations; U.S. troop withdrawal plans from South Korea; Chinese-U.S. relations; Philippine base issues; Australian-Japanese trade matters.” United States: White House, 22 June 1977. U.S. Declassified Documents Online (accessed August 22, 2025). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CK2349499890/USDD?u=nccu&sid=bookmark-USDD&xid=32fe88cb&pg=4.
    8.“Question and answer session with regard to: U.S. troop withdrawal plans from Taiwan; the U.S. defense commitment to Taiwan; U.S.-Chinese normalization efforts; Chinese efforts to locate Vietnam-era prisoners of war.” United States: Department Of State, n.d. U.S. Declassified Documents Online (accessed September 20, 2023). https://link-gale-com.proxyone.lib.nccu.edu.tw:8443/apps/doc/CK2349521980/USDD?u=nccu&sid=bookmark-USDD&xid=b559fe70&pg=1.
    9.“Talking paper for Secretary of State Cyrus Vance for his meeting with Chinese Foreign Minister Huang Hua. Topics include: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT); situation in the Middle East; situation in South Africa; Chinese relations with Romania and Yugoslavia; Chinese relations with Greece; expansion of U.S.-Chinese bilateral relations; normalization issues” (1978), 02 Oct United States: Department Of State, available: (accessed 29 Aug 2024) https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CK2349153992/USDD?u=nccu&sid=bookmark-USDD&xid=37276185&pg=5
    10.“Secretary of State Cyrus Vance informs President Jimmy Carter that prospects are favorable for the establishment of diplomatic relations between the U.S. and China, in spite of continued U.S.-Taiwanese political and trade relations. “ United States: Department Of State, 13 June 1978. U.S. Declassified Documents Online (accessed June 13, 2025).https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CK2349512031/USDD?u=nccu&sid=bookmark-USDD&xid=31b6203d&pg=4
    11.〈日本国政府と中華人民共和国政府の共同声明〉,擷取日期:2025年7月30日,https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/china/nc_seimei.html
    12.〈大平外務大臣記者会見詳録〉,擷取日期:2025年7月30日,https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/bluebook/1973/s48-shiryou-4-3.htm
    13.〈中日關係史的新篇章〉,《人民日報》(北京),1972年09月30日,第2版。

    二、 專書
    14.張淑雅,《韓戰救臺灣?解讀美國對臺政策》(新北:衛城出版,2011)。
    15.張清敏,《美國對台軍售政策研究:決策的視角》(北京:世界知識出版社,2006)。
    16.若林正丈著,許佩賢、洪金珠譯,《台灣──分裂國家與民主化》(臺北:月旦出版社,1996)。
    17.李福鐘《世紀中國革命:中華人民共和國史》(臺北:三民書局,2018)。
    18.川島真、清水麗、松田康博、楊永明著,高村繁、黃偉修譯,《臺日關係史(1945-2020)》,(臺北:國立臺灣大學出版中心,2021)。
    19.Robert S. Ross著,叢鳳輝等譯,《風雲變幻的美中關係(1969-1989)》,(北京:中央編譯出版社,1998)。
    20.丘宏達,陳純一修訂,《現代國際法》(臺北:三民書局股份有限公司,2023)。
    21.福田圓著,林倩伃譯,《中國外交與臺灣:「一個中國」原則的起源》,(臺北:五南圖書,2021)。
    22.平川幸子,《「二つの中国」と日本方式 外交ジレンマ解決の起源と応用》,(東京:勁草書房,2018)。
    23.唐耐心(Nancy Bernkopf Tucker)著,林添貴譯,《一九四九年後的海峽風雲實錄─美中臺三邊互動關係大揭密》(臺北:黎明文化事業股份有限公司,2012)。
    24.孟捷慕(Mann, James H.)著,林添貴譯,《 : 從尼克森到柯林頓美中關係揭密》(臺北:先覺出版股份有限公司,1999)。
    25.若林正丈著,李承機、林果顯、林琪禎、岩口敬子、洪郁如、周俊宇等譯,《戰後臺灣政治史:中華民國臺灣化的歷程》(臺北:國立臺灣大學出版中心,2021)。
    26.沈劍虹,《使美八年紀要──沈劍虹回憶錄》(臺北:聯經出版事業公司,1982)。
    27.錢復,《錢復回憶錄典藏版‧卷一 1935-1979外交風雲動》(臺北:遠見天下文化出版股份有限公司,2021)。
    28.張國城,《美國的決斷:臺灣人應該知道的美國外交思惟與決斷》(臺北:八旗文化/遠足文化事業股份有限公司,2020)。
    29.胡為真,《美國對華「一個中國」政策之演變:從尼克森到柯林頓》(臺北:台灣商務印書館,2001)。
    30.William Burr, The Kissinger Transcripts The Top Secret Talks with Beijing And Moscow (New York: The New Press, 1998).
    31.Moens, Alexander, Foreign Policy under Carter : Testing Multiple Advocacy Decision Making ( Colorado: Westview Press, 1990).
    32.Lilley, J. R. & Lilley, J., China hands : nine decades of adventure, espionage, and diplomacy in Asia (New York: PublicAffairs, 2004).
    33.Liu, Shia-ling, U.S. Foreign Policy toward Communist China in the 1970’s : The Misadventures of Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter (Taipei: Kuang Lu Publishing Company, 1988).

    三、 學術論文
    34.李福鐘,〈1961年美臺關於聯合國中國代表權問題的爭議〉,《臺灣史學雜誌》,18期(臺北:2015年6月),頁106-134。
    35.張啟雄,〈「法理論述」vs.「事實論述」:中華民國與國際奧委會的會籍認定交涉,1960-1964〉,《臺灣史研究》17卷2期(臺北,2010年6月),頁85-129。
    36.陳文賢,〈從戰後外交檔案看國民黨政府的「一個中國」政策〉,收入黃翔瑜編《戰後檔案與歷史研究:第九屆中華民國史專題論文集》(臺北:國史館,2015年)。
    37.許文堂,〈建交與斷交──1964年臺北、巴黎、北京的角力〉,收入黃翔瑜編《戰後檔案與歷史研究:第九屆中華民國史專題論文集》(臺北:國史館,2015年)。
    38.張淑雅,〈臺海危機與美國對“反攻大陸”政策的轉變〉,《近代史研究所集刊》,36 期(臺北:2001年12月),頁 231-290。
    39.Breck Walker, “‘Friends, But Not Allies’—Cyrus Vance and the Normalization of Relations with China.” Diplomatic History 33, no. 4 (2009): 579–94.
    40.Fardella Enrico,“The Sino-American Normalization: A Reassessment.” Diplomatic History 33, no. 4 (2009): 545–578.
    41.Hilton Brian, “‘Maximum Flexibility for Peaceful Change: Jimmy Carter, Taiwan, and the Recognition of the People’s Republic of China.” Diplomatic History 33, no. 4 (2009): 595–613.
    42.Qingmin, Zhang. “The Bureaucratic Politics of US Arms Sales to Taiwan.” The Chinese Journal of International Politics 1, no. 2 (2006): 231–265.
    43.Kindermann, Gottfried-Karl. “Washington between Beijing and Taipei: The Restructured Triangle 1978-80.” Asian Survey 20, no. 5 (1980): 457–76.
    描述: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    台灣史研究所
    109158006
    資料來源: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0109158006
    資料類型: thesis
    顯示於類別:[臺灣史研究所] 學位論文

    文件中的檔案:

    檔案 大小格式瀏覽次數
    800601.pdf2031KbAdobe PDF0檢視/開啟


    在政大典藏中所有的資料項目都受到原著作權保護.


    社群 sharing

    著作權政策宣告 Copyright Announcement
    1.本網站之數位內容為國立政治大學所收錄之機構典藏,無償提供學術研究與公眾教育等公益性使用,惟仍請適度,合理使用本網站之內容,以尊重著作權人之權益。商業上之利用,則請先取得著作權人之授權。
    The digital content of this website is part of National Chengchi University Institutional Repository. It provides free access to academic research and public education for non-commercial use. Please utilize it in a proper and reasonable manner and respect the rights of copyright owners. For commercial use, please obtain authorization from the copyright owner in advance.

    2.本網站之製作,已盡力防止侵害著作權人之權益,如仍發現本網站之數位內容有侵害著作權人權益情事者,請權利人通知本網站維護人員(nccur@nccu.edu.tw),維護人員將立即採取移除該數位著作等補救措施。
    NCCU Institutional Repository is made to protect the interests of copyright owners. If you believe that any material on the website infringes copyright, please contact our staff(nccur@nccu.edu.tw). We will remove the work from the repository and investigate your claim.
    DSpace Software Copyright © 2002-2004  MIT &  Hewlett-Packard  /   Enhanced by   NTU Library IR team Copyright ©   - 回饋