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    Title: 探討影響基層人員執行校園三級輔導制度政策之因素:以基隆市某高級中學為例
    Exploring Factors Affecting the policy Implementation of the Campus Three-level Counseling System among Frontline Staff : A Case Study of a Senior High School in Keelung City
    Authors: 李宥徵
    Lee, Yu-Cheng
    Contributors: 張鎧如
    Chang, Kai-Ju
    李宥徵
    Lee, Yu-Cheng
    Keywords: 三級輔導制度
    政策執行
    基層官僚
    裁量權
    Three-level Counseling System
    Policy Implementation
    Street-level Bureaucracy
    Discretion
    Date: 2025
    Issue Date: 2025-09-01 14:52:15 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 隨著社會快速變遷、家庭結構轉型與校園安全事件頻仍,學生輔導在校園實務中的重要性與迫切性不斷提升。自2014年《學生輔導法》頒布以來,三級輔導制度逐漸成為校園輔導工作的核心架構,透過發展性、介入性與處遇性的分層服務建構支持網絡。然而,制度在實務推動上仍面臨人力與資源不足、跨專業協作困難、角色責任模糊及轉介流程繁複等挑戰,使第一線基層人員承受高度壓力。2024年修法雖強調跨部門合作與制度彈性化,但其在校園端的落實情形與基層人員的因應策略,仍有待深入探討。
    本研究以政策執行理論與基層官僚理論為分析框架,透過質性訪談蒐集導師、專任輔導教師、社工師及心理師的經驗,探討制度規範與現場實踐的落差,並分析基層人員如何透過裁量與策略性調整確保制度持續運作。
    本研究發現,三級輔導的運作模式會因學校特性與地方資源條件而展現差異化。影響政策執行的因素可歸納為四大構面:(一)個人層次,包括執行者的價值觀、專業能力與角色認知,形塑其責任承擔與參與意願;(二)組織層次,涵蓋制度設計的清晰度、內外部資源流通與領導支持風格,影響協作效率與制度彈性;(三)環境層次,涉及社會輿論、經濟資源與政治支持,構成外部推力或限制;(四)標的團體特性,包含學生風險狀態、家庭配合度與信任關係,影響輔導介入的深度與服務持續性。
    進一步而言,這些構面不僅影響政策執行,也可能累積並轉化為基層人員的工作壓力。此種壓力並非僅是個人的主觀感受,而是由制度設計、組織文化、外部環境與服務對象共同塑造。基層人員在壓力下,往往透過調整介入方式、跨專業協作、制度流程依循與彈性調適等裁量行為,來平衡責任與風險,進而影響其執行意向、責任承擔與輔導動能。最終,這些行為選擇不僅決定學生輔導服務的品質與問題解決效能,也反映了三級輔導制度在校園端的實際運作成效。
    With the rapid social transformations, changing family structures, and the frequent occurrence of campus safety incidents, the importance and urgency of student counseling in school practice have continued to increase. Since the enactment of the Student Counseling Act in 2014, the Three-level Counseling System has gradually become the core framework of school counseling services, aiming to establish a comprehensive support network through developmental, interventive, and treatment-oriented services. However, in practice, the system still faces challenges such as insufficient manpower and resources, difficulties in inter-professional collaboration, ambiguous role responsibilities, and complex referral procedures, all of which impose considerable pressure on frontline personnel. Although the 2024 amendment to the Act emphasized interdepartmental collaboration and institutional flexibility, its actual implementation at the school level and the adaptive strategies of frontline staff remain to be further examined.
    This study adopts policy implementation theory and street-level bureaucracy theory as analytical frameworks, and employs qualitative interviews with homeroom teachers, school counselors, social workers, and psychologists. It explores the discrepancies between institutional regulations and practical operations, and analyzes how frontline practitioners exercise discretion and adopt strategic adjustments to ensure the continuous functioning of the system.
    The findings reveal that the operational patterns of the Three-level Counseling System vary depending on school characteristics and local resource conditions. The factors influencing policy implementation can be categorized into four policy implementation dimensions: (1) the individual dimension, including counselors’ values, professional competencies, role perceptions, and educational backgrounds, which shape their sense of responsibility and willingness to participate; (2) the organizational dimension, involving the clarity of institutional design, the circulation of internal and external resources, and leadership support styles, which affect collaboration efficiency and institutional flexibility; (3) the environmental dimension, encompassing public opinion, economic resources, and political support, which constitute external drivers or constraints; and (4) the target group dimension, including students’ risk profiles, family cooperation, and trust-building, which directly influence the depth and sustainability of counseling interventions.
    Furthermore, these policy implementation dimensions not only affect policy outcomes but also accumulate and transform into structural work pressures on frontline personnel. Such pressures are not merely subjective experiences, but rather situational structures shaped collectively by institutional design, organizational culture, external environment, and the characteristics of service recipients. Under these conditions, frontline practitioners often employ discretionary behaviors such as adjusting intervention approaches, engaging in inter-professional collaboration, adhering to institutional procedures, and adopting flexible adaptation strategies to balance responsibility and risk. Ultimately, these choices not only determine the quality of counseling services and the effectiveness of problem-solving but also reflect the actual operational performance of the Three-level Counseling System at the school level.
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    Description: 碩士
    國立政治大學
    公共行政學系
    110256007
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0110256007
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[公共行政學系] 學位論文

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