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    Title: 臺灣新住民女性就業與工作滿意度
    Employment and Job Satisfaction of New Immigrant Women in Taiwan
    Authors: 陳柔沂
    Chen, Jou-I
    Contributors: 蘇昱璇
    Su, Yu-Hsuan
    陳柔沂
    Chen, Jou-I
    Keywords: 新住民
    女性就業
    工作滿意度
    新住民生活需求調查
    New Immigrants
    Female Employment
    Job Satisfaction
    Survey of New Immigrants’ Living Needs
    Date: 2025
    Issue Date: 2025-08-04 15:52:05 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 自1990年代以來,臺灣的跨國婚姻逐年增加,尤其來自東南亞的外籍配偶逐漸成為臺灣勞動市場的重要組成部分。然而,這些新住民面臨著諸多挑戰,特別是在勞動市場中,她們經常遭遇語言障礙、文化歧視及學歷認證等問題。即便擁有較高學歷,許多新住民仍難以發揮其專業技能,往往從事低薪或非標準化工作,且工作穩定性較差。此外,這些女性在家庭中的角色仍然受到傳統父權觀念的影響,肩負著繁重的家務和照顧責任。
    本研究採用2018年與2023年兩次新住民生活需求調查資料,進行跨年度比較。具體而言,研究首先運用普通最小平方法 (OLS),分析個人因素(如年齡、教育程度、駕照、是否擁有本國身分證等)及家庭因素(如配偶收入、家庭收入等)與新住民是否參與勞動市場的關聯,再透過Logit模型來作穩健性分析。接著,為了探討新住民的工作時長,本研究運用普通最小平方法 (OLS) 來進行估計。最後,在分析工作滿意度時,本研究使用OLS方法與Logistic Regression,探討個人特徵、工作產業類別、工作時長及工作環境等因素對新住民工作滿意度的影響。透過這些方法,有兩個重大發現,其一是新住民女性就業受家庭因素雙重影響,育兒降低就業,但經濟壓力及長輩協助則推動就業,這突顯出理解其家庭經濟分工與照顧責任分配的重要性。其二,疫情後,新住民女性傳統的就業優勢(如中壯年、中文能力佳、居都會區)普遍減弱甚至逆轉,這顯示出疫情對其勞動結構改變的影響,政策需調整支持機制以應對複雜的勞動市場。
    Since the 1990s, transnational marriages in Taiwan have increased annually, with Southeast Asian immigrant spouses becoming a significant part of Taiwan’s labor market. However, these new immigrants face numerous challenges, particularly in the labor market, where they often encounter issues such as language barriers, cultural discrimination, and academic credential recognition. Even with higher education, many new immigrants struggle to utilize their professional skills, often engaging in low-wage or non-standardized jobs with poor job stability. Furthermore, these women’s roles in the family are still influenced by patriarchy, bearing heavy household and caregiving responsibilities.
    This study uses data from the 2018 and 2023 “Survey of New Immigrants’ Living Needs” to analyze changes in labor outcomes. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models examine how individual (age, education, driver’s license, national ID) and family factors (spouse and household income) affect labor market participation, with Logit models used for robustness. OLS is further applied to estimate working hours, while both OLS and Logistic Regression assess the effects of personal characteristics, industry type, working hours, and work environment on job satisfaction. Results show that childcare reduces employment, whereas economic pressure and elder support promote it. Post-pandemic, traditional advantages—prime working age, strong Chinese proficiency, urban residence—have weakened or even reversed, revealing structural labor shifts and the need for targeted policy support.
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    國立政治大學
    國家發展研究所
    111261021
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0111261021
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[國家發展研究所] 學位論文

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