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    Title: 孔隙之體:台灣科幻小說的新物質主義政治
    Porous Bodies: Rethinking Taiwanese Science Fiction through New Materialist Politics
    Authors: 林新惠
    Lin, Hsin-Hui
    Contributors: 紀大偉
    Chi, Ta-Wei
    林新惠
    Lin, Hsin-Hui
    Keywords: 台灣
    科幻
    孔隙之體
    災難
    島嶼
    新物質主義
    後人類
    disaster
    island
    new materialism
    porous bodies
    posthuman
    science fiction
    Taiwan
    Date: 2025
    Issue Date: 2025-07-01 14:03:30 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 本論文探索台灣科幻小說的孔隙之體,並從新物質主義的視角,檢視這些孔隙之體如何體現另類論述以抵抗支配意識形態。孔隙之體(porous bodies)這個概念受到新物質主義理論的啟發,強調個體與環境不可切割甚至相互改變的動態關係。本論文所立足的新物質主義立場,不是一味歌頌物質的能動性,而是看見每個個體作為物質,如何受制於物質環境,而此物質環境通常也是權力的具體化呈現。因此,孔隙之體總是脆弱而易受環境改變,卻也在被改造的同時,找到新生與抵抗的契機。在此之上,本論文以災難作為文本的分類框架。本論文探討的災難,不只是被文本再現的災難,也是認識論上的。在災難社會學的框架中,災難可以被廣義理解為特定群體與外來能動者之間的界線曖昧及不穩定性。在此思考框架下,本論文觀察台灣科幻中四種導致災難的情境:極權統治導致的肉身分解、虛擬實境與科技監控導致的存在危機、生態災害導致的島嶼變異、免疫系統被挑戰導致自我與他者的界線不明。在災難情境中觀察被物質改造的身體,即是在思考大維度的界線變動(災難)與小維度的界線變動(孔隙之體)之間的對應關係。這些對應關係至少凸顯了三個台灣科幻的特性。第一,身體的可穿透性:身體邊界不再穩固,反而在災難的例外狀態中暴露出身體作為物質構成的不確定和不穩固。因而,身體總是處於改造中,無論是源於主體的意志,或者來自統治技術的控制。第二,「台灣」的流變性:諸多涉及災難的小說場景,也多明示或暗喻台灣。例如吳明益(1971-)、高翊峰(1973-)、伊格言(1977-)的作品裡,台灣島及台灣作為一種概念或實體,都不斷流變、生成意義、或者和外來物質接枝出不同的樣態。第三,前兩點共同構成了台灣科幻災難的非常規未來。災難中的身體改造和島嶼流變,都不會通往常規化的、再生產的線性時間,反而是反身的、自我否認的、甚至是取消時間向度的不明未來。前述三個特性,標示了台灣科幻的特殊性,也對應到現實台灣在全球地緣政治上,前途不明且文化混種的特質;並也回應了在當代科技社會中,後人類身體和非人物種、物質之間如何不斷彼此穿透、相互定義及構成。
    This dissertation examines the concept of “porous bodies” in Taiwanese science fiction, exploring how these bodies embody alternative discourses that resist dominant ideologies from the perspective of new materialism. The notion of porous bodies is inspired by new materialist theory, which emphasizes the inseparable and mutually transformative relationship between individuals and their environments. The new materialist stance adopted in this paper does not simply celebrate the agency of matter but rather interrogates how each material entity is constrained by their material environment—an environment that often serves as a concrete manifestation of power. As such, porous bodies are inherently fragile and susceptible to environmental changes. However, in the process of being transformed, they also discover opportunities for renewal and resistance.

    Building upon this foundation, this dissertation employs disaster as a classificatory framework for analyzing texts. The disasters examined here are not only those represented within the texts but also epistemological in nature. Within the framework of disaster sociology, disaster can be broadly understood as the blurring and instability of boundaries between specific communities and external agents. From this perspective, this paper identifies four scenarios in Taiwanese science fiction that lead to disaster: the corporeal disintegration under totalitarian rule, existential crises induced by virtual reality and surveillance capitalism, morphological changes of islands caused by ecological catastrophes, and the destabilization of the self/other boundary due to challenges to the immune system. Investigating bodies transformed by material forces within these disaster scenarios allows for exploring the relationship between large-scale boundary shifts (disaster) and small-scale ones (porous bodies).

    These relational dynamics highlight at least three distinctive characteristics of Taiwanese science fiction. First, the permeability of the body: bodily boundaries are no longer stable but, rather, are exposed as uncertain and precarious in the state of exception brought about by disaster. As a result, bodies are always in a state of transformation, whether through the agency of the subject or through the control of governing technologies. Second, the fluidity of “Taiwan”: many disaster-related narratives explicitly or implicitly reference Taiwan. In the works of authors such as Wu Ming-Yi (1971–), Kao Yi-feng (1973–), and Egoyan Zheng (1977–), Taiwan—as both an island and a conceptual entity—undergoes continuous processes of transformation, becoming entangled with external forces and materials. Third, the first two characteristics together constitute the futurity-negating nature of disaster in Taiwanese science fiction. The transformations of bodies and islands in Taiwanese science fiction do not follow a normative, reproductive, and linear temporality. Instead, they lead to reflexive, self-negating, and even future-canceling “no-futures.”

    These three characteristics underscore the distinctiveness of Taiwanese science fiction while also corresponding to Taiwan’s uncertain geopolitical position and its cultural hybridity on the global stage. Furthermore, they engage with broader discussions on how, in contemporary techno-society, posthuman bodies, nonhuman species, and material environments continuously permeate, redefine, and constitute one another.
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    (二)其他單篇
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    洪凌、紀大偉。〈台灣當代科幻小說的都會冷酷異境〉。鄭明娳編,《當代台灣都市文學論》。台北:時報,1995。
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    紀大偉。〈他的眼底,你的掌心,即將綻放一朵玫瑰〉。向鴻全編,《臺灣科幻小說選》。台北:二魚文化,2003。
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    Hollinger, Veronica. “Posthumanism and Cyborg Theory,” The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction. Abingdon & New York: Routledge, 2009.
    Kafer, Alison. “The Cyborg and the Crip: Critical Encounters.” Feminist, Crip, Queer. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2013.
    MacCormack, Patricia. “Posthuman Sexuality: From Ahumanity to Cosmogenic Desire.” Åsberg, Cecilia & Braidotti, Rosi, ed. A Feminist Companion to the Posthumanities. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018.
    Madeline, Alcena & Rogan Davis. “Utopian Studies.” Bould, Mark; M. Butler, Andrew; Roberts, Adam; and Vint, Sherryl ed. The Routledge Companion to Science Fiction. Abingdon & New York: Routledge, 2009.
    McRuer, Robert. "Compulsory Able-Bodieness and Queer/Disabled Existence.” Davis, Lennard J. ed. The Disabilities Reader. New York: Routledge, 2006.
    Neimanis, Astrida. “Posthuman Phenomenologies for Planetary Bodies of Water.” Åsberg, Cecilia & Braidotti, Rosi, ed. A Feminist Companion to the Posthumanities. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2018.
    Philips, Craig A. “Immigration, Immunity, Community, and the Church: Roberto Esposito’s Biopolitical Immunitary Paradigm,” Barreto, Raimundo, Latinovic Vladimir eds. Decolonial Horizons: Reimagining Theology, Ecumenism, and Sacramental Praxis. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave MacMillan, 2023.
    Suvin, Darko. “Theses on Dystopia 2001.” Baccolini, Raffaella & Moylan, Tom ed. Dark Horizons: Science Fiction and Dystopian Imagination. New York & London: Routledge, 2003
    Veracini, Lorenzo. “Settler Evasions in Interstellar and Cowboys and Aliens: Thinking the End of the World is Still Easier Than Thinking the End of Settler Colonialism.” Lahti, Janne, Weaver-Hightower, Rebecca, eds. Cinematic Settlers: The Settler Colonial World in Film. New York: Routledge, 2020.

    三、 網路資料

    BIOS Monthly編輯部。〈反核預言/寓言,貼地飛行的小說創作:專訪伊格言《零地點》〉。BIOS Monthly(2013. 04. 11)。https://www.biosmonthly.com/article/4038 (2025. 2. 13 最後查看)
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    陳佩甄。〈細菌與(女)生物學家的異端同盟〉。《放映週報》。(2021. 02. 27)https://funscreen.tfai.org.tw/article/9103 (2024. 12. 11 最後查看)。
    陳琡分。〈人類文明有沒有可能走錯路?——專訪伊格言《零地點GroundZero》〉。OKAPI線上生活誌(2013. 9. 16)。https://okapi.books.com.tw/article/2387 (2025. 2. 13 最後查看)。
    林運鴻。〈自閉靈魂及五體不滿足:《瑕疵人型》工筆建構的「孤獨」本土科幻〉。OKAPI線上生活誌。https://okapi.books.com.tw/article/13401(2024. 5. 12最後查看)
    辜炳達。〈AI把人類改裝成無意識的個體,是為了取代人類?讀小說《零觸碰親密》〉。OKAPI線上生活誌。https://okapi.books.com.tw/article/17042(2024. 5. 12最後查看)
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    國家圖書館。〈2024臺北文學季-董啟章×伊格言×林新惠 談「後科技時代下的文學創作」〉https://www.ncl.edu.tw/information_236_15519.html (最後查看:2025. 02. 10)
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    Description: 博士
    國立政治大學
    台灣文學研究所
    107159501
    Source URI: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/record/#G0107159501
    Data Type: thesis
    Appears in Collections:[臺灣文學研究所] 學位論文

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